ENT 👂🏼 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Meniere’s Disease?

A

The triad of tinnitus, vertigo + hearing loss.

Can also get feeling of fullness/pressure in the ears

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do you treat ottitis externa?

A

1st line Acetic acid

If doesn’t work, give Ciprofloxacin drops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the most common infectious agents seen in acute sinusitis?

A

Haemophilia influenzae
Streptococcus pneumoiae
Rhinoviruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the Px of sinusitis?

A
Facial pain (worse on leaning forward)
Nasal discharge (thick + purulent) 
Nasal obstruction 
Post-Nasal drip (may produce chronic cough)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Acute sinusitis management?

A

DON’T offer abx unless severe

If severe, 1st line = Phenoxymethylpenicillin or Co-Amoxiclav

If present for > 10 days, high dose intranasal corticosteroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What condition does uvular deviation indicate?

A

Quinsy (peritonsillar abscess)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do purulent tonsils indicate?

A

Bacterial infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which condition presents with a ‘toxic’ appearance of head extended, drooling and tripoding?

A

Epiglottitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the features of Quinsy?

A
  • Severe throat pain, which literalists to one side
  • Deiation of ulna to unaffected side
  • Trismus (difficulty opening the mouth)
  • Reduced neck mobility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What typically predisposes you to Quinsy?

A

A peritonsillar abscess is typically a complication of bacterial tonsillitis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Quinsy Rx?

A
  • Needle aspiration or incision + drainage, + IV Abx.

- Tonsillectomy considered to prevent recurrence.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the most common cause of neck swellings?

A

Reactive lymphadenopathy.

May be a Hx of local infection or generalised viral illness.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Thyroglossal cyst Px?

A
  • Common in <20yrs old
  • Midline of neck, between isthmus of thyroid and hyoid bone
  • Moves upwards with protrusion of the tongue
  • May be painfully infected
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pharyngeal pouch Px?

A
  • Older men
  • Usually not seen, but if large then midline lump in neck that gurgles on palpation
    Sx = dysphagia, regurgitation, aspiration, chronic cough
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a Cystic Hygroma?

A

A cystic hygroma is a congenital lymphatic lesion (lymphangioma) typically found in the neck, classically on left side.

Most evident before 2yrs old.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a Branchial cyst?

A
  • An oval, mobile cystic mass that develops between the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the pharynx
  • Develop due to failure of obliteration of the second branchial cleft in embryonic development
  • Usually present in early adulthood
17
Q

Carotid aneurysm Px?

A

Pulsatile lateral neck mass which doesn’t move on swallowing

18
Q

What is the treatment of sudden-onset sensorineural hearing loss?

A

High-dose oral corticosteroids