ENT Flashcards
which organism is most commonly associated with epiglossitis
H influenzae
what is important to remember with a distressed child presenting with stridor
NEVER EXAMINE THEM
what is the relationship of airway resistance to radius and what is the significance of this
R is proportional to 1/(4th power of r)
therefore small changes in the radius have big effects on resistance.
Narrowing causes an increase in the speed of airflow, this causes a lower distending pressure and hence can promote further narrowing
narrowing of the supra glottis results in which type of stridor
inspiratory
narrowing of the glottis results in which type of stridor
biphasic
narrowing of the subglottis and trachea results in which type of stridor
biphasic
if it is bronchial and expiratory stridor results (wheeze)
list 9 signs of severe airway obstruction
- cyanosis
- use of accessory muscles
- tracheal tug
- nasal flaring
- intercostal recession
- rapid breathing
- tachycardia
- drowsiness
- decreased air entry
which three common causes of stridor should you be suspicious of in the neonate?
- laryngomalacia
- vocal cord paralysis
- subglottis stenosis
what is subglottic stenosis
narrowing of the airway between the trachea and vocal cords.
Congenital results from the in utero malformation of cartilage rings
Acquired results from infection or trauma (in particular prolonged ET intubation in neonates)
which infective agents are associated with Croup
RSV or parainfluenza virus
which radiological sign is associated with croup
the steeple sign
