Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PPT > ENT > Flashcards

ENT Flashcards

1
Q

management of allergic rhinitis?

A

nasal antihistamine is first line

others:
oral antihistamine for sneezing
intranasal corticosteroid for nasal blockage
sodium cromogliate can be used as an add on

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

example of an intranasal antihistamines?

A

azelastine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what do intranasal antihistamines (azelastine) interact with?

A

MAOi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

contraindications to cetirizine?

A

acute porphyrias
be careful in epilepsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

SE and risks of cetirizine?

A

antimuscarinic - blurred vision/dry moth/urinary retention
GI disturbance
headache
angle closure glaucoma
arrhythmias
blood disorders
convulsions
EPS
liver dysfunction
hypersensitivity reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

2 examples of oral antihistamines used for allergic rhinitis?

A

cetirizine
loratidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

when is fluticasone contraindicated/

A

after nasal surgery
in TB
in untreated nasal infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what can fluticasone interact with?

A

live vaccines
NSAIDs
clarithromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

examples of nasal corticosteroids used in allergic rhinitis?

A

beclometasone
fluticasone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

SE of fluticasone?

A

raised IOP
headache
nasal septal perf
nasal irritation
throat irritation/taste distruabnce
hypersensitivity reactions
psychological effects in children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

MOA of sodium cromoglicate?

A

mast cell stabiliser

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

SE of sodium cromoglicate?

A

transient bronchospasm
local irritation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what can be used in Menieres disease to help alleviate nausea and vertigo?

A

prochlorperazine or an antihistamine like cinnarizine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what can be given to help prevent recurrent attacks of Menieres disease?

A

betahistine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

moa of prochlorperazine?

A

dopamine receptor antagonist - acts centrally on CTZ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

contraindcatins to prochlorperazine?

A

phaeochromocytoma
cautions in elderly, Parkinsons, CVD, diabetes
pregnancy and breastfeeding

17
Q

SE of prochlorperazine?

A

EPS - Parkinsonisms, akathisia, tadive dyskinesia, dystonia
hyperprolactinaemia and hyperglycaemia
arrhythmias
VTE
leucopenia/agranulocytosis
blurry vision, dry mouth, drowsy, urinary retention

18
Q

what does prochlorperazine interact with?

A

alcohol
anti-muscarinics
levodopa
antihypertensives
CNS depressants
MAOi
lithium

19
Q

moa of betahistine?

A

histamine analogue - H1 agonist
thought to improve microcirculation and reduce endoplymphatic pressure

20
Q

CI for betahistine?

A

phaeochromocytoma
caution with asthma and PUD

21
Q

SE of betahistine?

A

GI distruabnce
headaches
pruritus
rash

22
Q

what does betahistine interact with?

A

antihistamines

23
Q

what 4 drug groups can cause tinnitus?

A

Aspirin/NSAIDs
Aminoglycosides
Loop diuretics
quinine

24
Q

what 3 drugs can cause gingival hyperplasia?

A

phenytoin
ciclosporin
CCB

PPT (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions