ENT

Question 1

predominant symptom of otitis externa

Answer 1

acute rapid onset of ear pain (otalgia); severity of pain and tenderness may be disproportionate to degree of inflammation

Question 2

prominent signs of acute disease

Answer 2

edema of ear canal, erythema, and thick clumpy otorrhea

Question 3

invasive infection of temporal bone and skull base

Answer 3

necrotizing (malignant) otitis externa

Question 4

treatment for Otitis externa

Answer 4

topical otic preparations containing acetic acid with or without hydrocortisone or neomycin, polymixin or

quinolone (Ciprofloxacin) with or without hydrocortisone

Question 5

most effective prophylaxis for acute otitis externa

Answer 5

installation of dilute alcohol or acetic acid (2%) immediately after swimming or bathing

Avoid cotton or other material tipped swabs which may cause trauma

Question 6

most common affected nerve in HSV otitis externa

Answer 6

8th nerve

Question 7

middle ear effusion results

Answer 7

conductive hearing loss (CHL)`

Question 8

most common cause of acquired hearing loss in children

Answer 8

Otitis media

Question 9

incidence of OM is highest in the age group

Answer 9

6-20 months of age

Question 10

3 pathogens that are predominant in AOM

Answer 10

s. aureus, HiB, moraxella catarrhalis

Question 11

most specific finding of AOM

Answer 11

bulging of tympanic membrane

Question 12

common finding in Middle ear effusion

Answer 12

substantial impairment of mobility

Question 13

diagnosis of AOM

Answer 13

moderate to severe bulging of TM or new onst otorrhea not caused by otitis externa
mild bulging of TM and recent (<48hr) onset of ear pain or intense TM eythema

Question 14

Tue or False. A diagnosis of AOM should not be made in children without MEE

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Both AOM without otorrhea and OME are accompanied by physical signs of MEE namely presence of 2 of 3 TM abnormalities

Answer 15

• white, yellow, amber or (rarely) blue discoloration
• opacification other than that caused by scarring
• decreased or absent mobility

Question 16

what are the findings seen in OME

Answer 16

either air-fluid levels or air bubbles outlined by small amounts of fluid may be visible behind TM

Question 17

treatment for infants less than 6 months old with AOM

Answer 17

Amoxicillin 80-90mkday; if given antibiotics for the past 30 days give Co-Amox, Cefuroxime or Ceftriaxone

Question 18

treatment for patients 6months to 2yrs old with AOM; signs of severe disease (moderate or severe otalgia, fever >/=39)

Answer 18

Amoxicillin alone or with clavulanic

Question 19

treatment for patients more than 2 years old with signs of sever disease (moderate or severe otalgia, fever >/=39)

Answer 19

Amoxicillin alone or with Clavulanic acid

Question 20

drug of choice for uncomplicated AOM

Answer 20

Amoxicillin

Question 21

duration of treatment for AOM

Answer 21

10 days