Enquiry Question 2

Question 1

When is a hazard considered a disaster?

Answer 1

When 500 or more deaths occur.

Question 2

What are mega disasters?

Answer 2

Disasters when the GDP of a country is reduced by at least 5%
OR over 2000 deaths
OR over 200,000 made homeless
OR over a year of foreign aid dependency.

Question 3

Formula for calculating risk?

Answer 3

Capacity to Cope (C)

Question 4

What makes up a PAR (Pressure and Release) model?

Answer 4

Root cause -> Dynamic pressure -> Unsafe conditions

Question 5

What is hazard vulnerability?

Answer 5

It is the capacity of a person or group to anticipate, cope with, resist and recover from the impact of a natural hazard.

Question 6

What increases an areas vulnerability?

Answer 6

corruption,
low lying area,
lack of warning systems,
population growth,
ageing populations,
weak economy,
ignorant population,
lack of transport links.

Question 7

What decreases an areas vulnerability?

Answer 7

strong government,
highland area,
low/no corruption,
educated population,
urban planning,
strong economy,
insurance,
scientific understanding,
strong emergency services.

Question 8

Physical factors that affect the size of disaster of a tectonic event.

Answer 8

magnitude,
location,
low lying,
depth of hypocentre,
soil/rock type,
time of day.

Question 9

Human factors that affect the size of disaster of a tectonic event.

Answer 9

building regulations,
infrastructure,
population,
early warning systems.

Question 10

Components of a hazard profile.

Answer 10

high magnitude,
fast speed of onset,
long duration,
large spatial area,
very frequent,
high damage costs,
high deaths,
slow recovery rate,
random spatial prediction.

Question 11

What are the World Risk Index components?

Answer 11

exposure,
susceptibility,
coping capacity,
adaptive capacity.

Question 12

What are the components of governance?

Answer 12

political,
economic,
administrative.

Question 13

What is the DRR?

Answer 13

The Disaster Risk Reduction.

Question 14

What is resilience?

Answer 14

The ability of a community in coping with a hazard.

Question 15

What is an earthquakes magnitude measured using?

Answer 15

The Richter scale,
The moment magnitude scale (MMS),
The Mercalli scale.

Question 16

What is the VEI?

Answer 16

The Volcanic Explosive Index,

Measures the magnitude of an eruption combining eruption height, volume of material erupted and duration of eruption.

Graded from 0-8

Question 17

What is a super volcano?

Answer 17

One who’s impacts would be felt globally because of a worldwide cooling of the earths climate perhaps up to 5 years.

Question 18

What can tectonic events be compared using?

Answer 18

A hazard profile.

Question 19

What is liquefaction?

Answer 19

When the shaking or the ground causes waterlogged, loose sediment to move and act like a liquid causing buildings to tilt, sink or collapse.

Question 20

What is an aftershock?

Answer 20

An event that occurs in the hours, days and months after the primary earthquake and can be of high magnitude.

Question 21

What is governance?

Answer 21

The running of a country or region.

Question 22

What is land use zoning?

Answer 22

A planning tool used to decide if residential, commercial, industrial or no buildings should be built in a particular location.