Enquiry Question 2

Question 1

What is global shift?

Answer 1

When manufacturing work has moved from rich countries to poorer countries.

Question 2

What is a displaced person (migrant)?

Answer 2

Refugee/asylum seeker.

Forced to move by war, famine, disaster or fear of prosecution.

Question 3

What is a voluntary migrant?

Answer 3

Someone who moves for work or quality of life reasons.

Temporary or permanently.

Question 4

What is an illegal migrant?

Answer 4

Someone who moves for work or an organised move as part of criminal activity.

Living and working until ‘discovered’.

Question 5

What is hyper-urbanisation?

Answer 5

Mass urbanisation in a city in an extremely fast manor.

Question 7

Mumbai - positives of globalisation

Answer 7

HQ of two of India’s container shipping ports.

International airport - can handle up to 40 million passengers annually.

Home to many key industries.

Question 8

Mumbai - negatives or globalisation

Answer 8

Poverty and unemployment.

Poor civic and educational standards.

Poor public health.

Question 9

Karachi - negatives of globalisation

Answer 9

Half the cities population lives in slums.

Most people work in the informal economy.

Slums create their own sewage systems.

Residents pay rent to criminal gangs supported by the police.

People love in ad hoc settlements, homes made of bamboo and industrial waste material.

Question 10

What is the cycle of urbanisation?

Answer 10

Urbanisation - the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas.

Suburbanisation - the movement of people living in central areas to the suburbs.

Counter urbanisation - the movement of people from urban areas to rural areas.

Re-urbanisation - the movement of people back into urban areas that were previously abandoned.

Question 11

What are problems associated with mega cities?

Answer 11

Strain on public services. 
Increase in crime. 
Cultural tensions. 
Large divide between social classes. 
Lack of housing - creation of slum settlements. 
Lack of green spaces. 
Urban sprawl. 
Traffic congestion. 
Disease epidemic. 
Widespread poverty. 
Excessive waste. 
Stretch of resources.

Question 12

What is a global hub?

Answer 12

They are switched-on places possessing qualities that make other places want to connect with them.
E.g. London, New York or Dubai.

Question 13

What makes Panama a global hub?

Answer 13

It’s directly involved in 5% of global trade.
Home to the Panama Canal.
The Colon free trade zone is the second largest in the world.
It hosts 90 national and international banks.

Question 14

What things do global hubs have?

Answer 14

Large labour force. 
Coastlines ideal for trade. 
Skilled labour. 
Physical factors. 
Oil reserves.

Question 15

What do hyper-globalisers believe?

Answer 15

That cultures will become more integrated and ultimately move towards homogeneous cultures.

Question 16

What do sceptics believe?

Answer 16

That globalisation is profound in the core global economies and reflects their interdependence.

Question 17

What do transformationalists believe?

Answer 17

That cultures are dynamic in their response to globalisation and that all cultures will change and evolve in different ways.

Question 18

What has the global shift led to in developed countries?

Answer 18

De-industrialisation,

the closure of manufacturing facilities and industries such as steel, shipbuilding and engineering in the UK.

Question 19

What is economic restructuring?

Answer 19

When one sector such as the secondary industry is replaced by another such as the tertiary industry; this leads to a widespread change in job types.

Question 20

What is migration?

Answer 20

The movement of people from one place to another.

Question 21

What is a mega-city?

Answer 21

A city with a population of over 10 million.

Question 22

What is the westernised global culture based on?

Answer 22

Earning money in order to buy consumer goods,
An attitude that the physical environment should be exploited for its natural resources to create wealth,
Success is measured by how wealthy you are.

Question 23

What is cultural diffusion?

Answer 23

The exchange of ideas, beliefs and customs between different people as they mix and interact as a result of globalisation.

Question 24

What factors contribute to cultural diffusion?

Answer 24

Migration,
Tourism,
TNC’s.

Question 25

What are some positives or Westernisation?

Answer 25

Improved opportunities for traditionally disadvantaged groups including women, disabled, LGBT.
Paralympic Movement.

Question 26

What are some negatives of Westernisation?

Answer 26

Fast food promotes an unhealthy diet thus increasing health issues like obesity and diabetes,
Western consumerism and the idea of discarding packaging or fashion items after one use,
Deforestation,
Excessive water use in industry,
Air and water pollution.

Question 27

What is culture?

Answer 27

Refers to commonly held views, traditions and lifestyles of a group of people.