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World History > Enlightenment > Flashcards

Enlightenment Flashcards

1
Q

three sorts of power - legislative (laws), executive (makes peace or war), judicial (punishes criminals or settles disputes)

A

charles de montesquieu

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2
Q

wrote the social contract, 1762

A

jean-jacques rousseau

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3
Q

The philosopher that thought all humans where naturally cruel greedy and selfish

A

Thomas hobbs

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4
Q

french enlightenment philosopher

A

jean-jacques rousseau

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5
Q

his ideas are used to justify absolute power

A

thomas hobbes

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6
Q

“by giving his freedom to all, he gives his freedom to no one”

A

jean-jacques rousseau

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7
Q

“people are good, but become corrupted by society “

A

jean-jacques rousseau

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8
Q

“if not controlled, people would fight, rob and oppress each other”

A

Thomas Hobbes

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9
Q

when legislative and executive powers are within the same group or person - there can be no liberty

A

charles de montesquieu

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10
Q

the best government has limited power and is accepted by all

A

john locke

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11
Q

people who make their own laws will then obey them willingly

A

jean-jacques rousseau

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12
Q

general will is for the common good

A

jean-jacques rousseau

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13
Q

hailed as a champion of democracy

A

jean-jacques rousseau

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14
Q

english enlightenment philosopher focused on womens rights

A

mary wollstonecraft

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15
Q

a vindication of the rights of women, 1792

A

mary wollstonecraft

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16
Q

wrote the spirit laws in 1748

A

charles de montesquieu

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17
Q

wrote two treatises of government

A

John Locke

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18
Q

people are basically reasonable and moral

A

John Locke

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19
Q

rejected the idea of absolute monarchy

A

John locke

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20
Q

three sorts of power:
legislative : enacts laws
executive : relations between nations
judicial : matters involving civil law (crimes & disputes)

A

charles de montesquieu

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21
Q

educate women like men and the more power women will have

A

mary wollstonecraft

22
Q

do not wish for women to have power over men, but to have power over themselves

A

mary wollstonecraft

23
Q

attacked the catholic church and tried to separate religion and state

A

voltaire

24
Q

freedom of religion, freedom of expression and separation of church and state

A

Voltaire

25
Q

fought for women to hold political equality

A

olympe de gouges

26
Q

right to life, liberty and property

A

John Locke

27
Q

if the government attempted to deny peoples rights, the people had the right to replace the government

A

John Locke

28
Q

man has inalienable rights that no government could deny

A

John Locke

29
Q

people should enter a social contract with a ruler, giving absolute power in order to prevent anarchy

A

thomas hobbes

30
Q

his ideas about the separation of power greatly influenced the framers of the US constitution

A

charles de montesquieu

31
Q

heralded the first wave of feminism in france

A

olympe de gouges

32
Q

laissez faire - government should not interfere with a free market (limits government regulation)

A

adam smith

33
Q

economies will move away from mercantilism (prompted the governmental regulation of national economy)

A

Adam smith

34
Q

sets up modern capitalism

A

Adam Smith

35
Q

Definition: king has a divine right to the throne

A

Absolutism

36
Q

people who make their own laws will then obey them willingly

A

jean-jacques rousseau

37
Q

Copernicus created ______________

A

Heliocentrism

38
Q

Who created heliocentrism?

A

Copernicus

39
Q

Definition: The earth rotated around the sun

A

Heliocentrism

40
Q

_____________ came up with the idea of geocentrism

A

The Church

41
Q

The church came up with ____________

A

Geocentrism

42
Q

Definition: everything rotates around the earth

A

Geocentrism

43
Q

Who created the modern telescope?

A

Galileo

44
Q

Who discovered the concept of gravity?

A

Sir Isaac Newton

45
Q

Who was one of the first people to dissect the human body?

A

Andreas Vesalius

46
Q

Who discovered blood was recycled through the veins and was used to make the heart pump?

A

William Harvey

47
Q

Definition: a political practice of unlimited centralized authority and total rule within the monarchy

A

Absolutism

48
Q

Who edited the encyclopedia?

A

Denis Diderot

49
Q

Who supported girls’ education?

A

Catherine the great

50
Q

What is enlightened absolutism?

A

The monarch has all the power

51
Q

What were 3 goals of the enlightenment?

A
  1. To build a better society
  2. Reasoning to have a better understanding of life
  3. Develop a relationship between the government and the people

World History (1 decks)

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