Enlightenment Flashcards
three sorts of power - legislative (laws), executive (makes peace or war), judicial (punishes criminals or settles disputes)
charles de montesquieu
wrote the social contract, 1762
jean-jacques rousseau
The philosopher that thought all humans where naturally cruel greedy and selfish
Thomas hobbs
french enlightenment philosopher
jean-jacques rousseau
his ideas are used to justify absolute power
thomas hobbes
“by giving his freedom to all, he gives his freedom to no one”
jean-jacques rousseau
“people are good, but become corrupted by society “
jean-jacques rousseau
“if not controlled, people would fight, rob and oppress each other”
Thomas Hobbes
when legislative and executive powers are within the same group or person - there can be no liberty
charles de montesquieu
the best government has limited power and is accepted by all
john locke
people who make their own laws will then obey them willingly
jean-jacques rousseau
general will is for the common good
jean-jacques rousseau
hailed as a champion of democracy
jean-jacques rousseau
english enlightenment philosopher focused on womens rights
mary wollstonecraft
a vindication of the rights of women, 1792
mary wollstonecraft
wrote the spirit laws in 1748
charles de montesquieu
wrote two treatises of government
John Locke
people are basically reasonable and moral
John Locke
rejected the idea of absolute monarchy
John locke
three sorts of power:
legislative : enacts laws
executive : relations between nations
judicial : matters involving civil law (crimes & disputes)
charles de montesquieu
educate women like men and the more power women will have
mary wollstonecraft
do not wish for women to have power over men, but to have power over themselves
mary wollstonecraft
attacked the catholic church and tried to separate religion and state
voltaire
freedom of religion, freedom of expression and separation of church and state
Voltaire
fought for women to hold political equality
olympe de gouges
right to life, liberty and property
John Locke
if the government attempted to deny peoples rights, the people had the right to replace the government
John Locke
man has inalienable rights that no government could deny
John Locke
people should enter a social contract with a ruler, giving absolute power in order to prevent anarchy
thomas hobbes
his ideas about the separation of power greatly influenced the framers of the US constitution
charles de montesquieu
heralded the first wave of feminism in france
olympe de gouges
laissez faire - government should not interfere with a free market (limits government regulation)
adam smith
economies will move away from mercantilism (prompted the governmental regulation of national economy)
Adam smith
sets up modern capitalism
Adam Smith
Definition: king has a divine right to the throne
Absolutism
people who make their own laws will then obey them willingly
jean-jacques rousseau
Copernicus created ______________
Heliocentrism
Who created heliocentrism?
Copernicus
Definition: The earth rotated around the sun
Heliocentrism
_____________ came up with the idea of geocentrism
The Church
The church came up with ____________
Geocentrism
Definition: everything rotates around the earth
Geocentrism
Who created the modern telescope?
Galileo
Who discovered the concept of gravity?
Sir Isaac Newton
Who was one of the first people to dissect the human body?
Andreas Vesalius
Who discovered blood was recycled through the veins and was used to make the heart pump?
William Harvey
Definition: a political practice of unlimited centralized authority and total rule within the monarchy
Absolutism
Who edited the encyclopedia?
Denis Diderot
Who supported girls’ education?
Catherine the great
What is enlightened absolutism?
The monarch has all the power
What were 3 goals of the enlightenment?
- To build a better society
- Reasoning to have a better understanding of life
- Develop a relationship between the government and the people
