English1 Flashcards
urgency
There was a note of urgency in his voice.
adjacent
(of an area, a building, a room, etc.) next to or near something – Our farm land was adjacent to the river.
airworthiness
the fact of an aircraft being safe to fly
vicinity
the area around a particular place - There is no hospital in the immediate vicinity.
drilling platform
a structure, either fixed to the sea bed or mobile, which supports the machinery and equipment (the drilling rig), together with the stores, required for digging an offshore oil well
interrogation
the act of asking somebody a lot of questions over a long period of time, especially in an aggressive way – He confessed after four days under interrogation.
repetition
the fact of doing or saying the same thing many times – learning by repetition
replay
the playing again of a short section of a film/movie, tape, etc. especially to look at or listen to something more carefully – We watched a replay of the wedding on DVD.
suppress
The rebellion was brutally suppressed.
to suppress a smile
equation
a statement showing that two amounts or values are equal, for example 2x + y = 54
interlace
to twist things together over and under each other; to be twisted together in this way – Her hair was interlaced with ribbons and flowers.
branch of tree
a part of a tree that grows out from the main stem and on which leaves, flowers, and fruit grow – She climbed the tree and hid in the branches.
accommodate
accommodate somebody to provide somebody with a room or place to sleep, live or sit – The hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.
according to
as stated or reported by somebody/something – According to Mick, it’s a great movie.
alternate
if something happens on alternate days, nights, etc. it happens on one day, etc. but not on the next – John has to work on alternate Sundays.
happen
to take place, especially without being planned – I don’t know how this happened. / Change doesn’t happen overnight.
solution
solution (to something) a way of solving a problem or dealing with a difficult situation synonym answer – Do you have a better solution?
interleave
interleave something (with something) to put something, especially thin layers of something, between things
interrogation
the act of asking somebody a lot of questions over a long period of time, especially in an aggressive way – She hated her parents’ endless interrogations about where she’d been.
reception
[uncountable] the quality of radio and television signals that are broadcast – There was very poor reception on my phone.
improve
to become better than before; to make something/somebody better than before – His quality of life has improved dramatically since the operation.
occur
[intransitive] + adv./prep. to exist or be found somewhere – Sugar occurs naturally in fruit.
ensure
to make sure that something happens or is definite – Please ensure (that) all lights are switched off.
blame
A dropped cigarette is being blamed for the fire.
responsibility
a duty to help or take care of somebody because of your job, position, etc. – I think we have a moral responsibility to help these countries.
arrive
to get to a place, especially at the end of a journey – The train arrived at the station 20 minutes late.
rise
rise (of somebody/something) the act of becoming more important, successful, powerful, etc. – the rise and fall of the British Empire
emerge
[intransitive] to come out of a dark, confined or hidden place. – He emerged from the shadows.
sense
[countable] one of the five powers (sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch) that your body uses to get information about the world around you – the five senses
applied
(especially of a subject of study) used in a practical way; not theoretical. – applied mathematics
insufficient
insufficient (to do something) | insufficient (for something) (formal) not large, strong or important enough for a particular purpose – insufficient time
behavior
[uncountable, countable] the way a person, an animal, a plant, a chemical, etc. behaves or functions in a particular situation – Parents can influence the behaviour of their children.
good/bad behaviour
conformance
[uncountable] conformance (to/with something) (formal) the fact of following the rules or standards of something – You need to ensure conformance to strict quality guidelines.
subject
a person or thing that is the main feature of a picture or photograph, or that a work of art is based on – Focus the camera on the subject.
associated
if one thing is associated with another, the two things are connected because they happen together or one thing causes the other
synonym connected
–
the risks associated with taking drugs
vital
Reading is of vital importance in language learning.
delivered
to take goods, letters, etc. to the person or people they have been sent to; to take somebody somewhere –
deliver something - Do you have your milk delivered?
instance
The report highlights a number of instances of injustice.
through
The sand ran through (= between) my fingers.
designate
This floor has been designated a no-smoking area.
consist of
The committee consists of ten members.
intended
The book is intended for children.
conduct
a conducted tour of Athens (= one with a guide, giving information about it)
The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city.
determine
determine something - A date for the meeting has yet to be determined.
legislation
an important piece of legislation
a call for legislation to ban smoking in public places
guidance
a missile guidance system
The helpline was set up for young people in need of guidance and support.
inertial
träge
together
We grew up together.
Together they climbed the dark stairs.
covered
The walls were covered with pictures.
relating
show or make a connection between two or more things
synonym connect
–
relate A to B - In the future, pay increases will be related to productivity.
relate how, what, etc… She related how he had run away from home as a boy.
instance
The report highlights a number of instances of injustice.
refer to
refer to somebody | refer to something
to describe or be connected to somebody/something
–
This paragraph refers to the events of last year.
either
You can park on either side of the street.
whereby
They have introduced a new system whereby all employees must undergo regular training.
circumstances
The company reserves the right to cancel this agreement in certain circumstances.
The ship sank in mysterious circumstances.
established
This unit is now an established part of the course.
believed
I don’t believe you!
Believe me, she’s not right for you.
able
You must be able to speak French for this job.
several
Several letters arrived this morning.
He’s written several books about India.
adjacent
The planes landed on adjacent runways.
Our farm land was adjacent to the river.
availability
the availability of cheap flights
probability
how likely something is to happen
synonym likelihood
–
The probability is that prices will rise rapidly.
reliability
The aircraft has an exceptional record of reliability.
state
The building is in a bad state of repair (= needs to be repaired).
She was in a state of shock.
sufficient
Allow sufficient time to get there.
coverage
magazines with extensive coverage of diet and health topics
The book gives good, general coverage of the subject.
assured
He spoke in a calm, assured voice.
response
She made no response.
a positive response
burstiness
Ruckartig
intermittent
stopping and starting often over a period of time, but not regularly
synonym sporadic
–
intermittent bursts of applause
intermittent showers
A day of intermittent rainstorms followed.
increases
increase (from A) (to B) - The population has increased from 1.2 million to 1.8 million.
The price of oil increased.
decreases
The number of new students decreased from 210 to 160 this year.
a decreasing population
resilience
She has shown great resilience to stress.
chalenge
The role will be the biggest challenge of his acting career.
I’m looking forward to the challenge of my new job.
required
The situation required that he be present.
Do you require anything else? (= in a shop/store, for example)
applies
You should apply in person/by letter.
You can apply by letter or on-line.
denotes
The red triangle denotes danger.
Here ‘family’ denotes mother, father and children.
continuity
There are obvious continuities between diet and health.
giving children a sense of continuity
applicable
that can be said to be true in the case of somebody/something
synonym relevant
–
The constitution is equally applicable to all citizens.
stringent
stringent air quality regulations
There are stringent quality control procedures.
conducted
Copper conducts electricity well.
A guide conducted us around the museum.
represent
The opening speech was by Bob Alan representing Amnesty International.
The President was represented at the ceremony by the Vice-President.
This contract represents 20% of the company’s annual revenue.
alter
This incident altered the whole course of events.
Prices did not alter significantly during 2014.
discontinuous
not continuous; stopping and starting again
synonym intermittent
–
Women typically have discontinuous patterns of employment.
motion
Newton’s laws of motion
The swaying motion of the ship was making me feel seasick.
perpendicular
Are the lines perpendicular to each other?
related
belonging to the same group -- related languages The llama is related to the camel. Are you related to Margaret?
completion
the completion of the new hospital building
displacement
the largest displacement of civilian population since World War Two
a ship with a displacement of 10 000 tonnes
property
This building is government property.
Be careful not to damage other people’s property.
portrayed
to show somebody/something in a picture; to describe somebody/something in a piece of writing
synonym depict
–
The painting portrays the duke’s third wife.
He was one of the first to portray animals from the New World.
crest
surfers riding the crest of the wave
trough
a long narrow region of low air pressure between two regions of higher pressure compare ridge
/
a period of time when the level of something is low, especially a time when a business or the economy is not growing
–
There have been peaks and troughs in the long-term trend of unemployment.
the peaks and troughs of economic cycles
express
Coconut milk is expressed from grated coconuts.
His views have been expressed in numerous speeches.
propagate
Television advertising propagates a false image of the ideal family.
The plant can be propagated from seed.
denote
A very high temperature often denotes a serious illness.
roughly
Sales are up by roughly 10%.
equation
This can be shown by a simple equation.
order
The names are listed in alphabetical order.
instructions
[countable] something that somebody is told to do by somebody in authority
–
She takes orders only from the president.
vary
Gender roles vary across cultures.
The doses used vary between 2 and 10mg/kg.
amplify
She refused to amplify further.
fidelity
the quality of being loyal to somebody/something
the quality of being faithful to your husband, wife or partner by not having a sexual relationship with anyone else
–
fidelity to your principles
They swore an oath of fidelity to their king.
such
of the type already mentioned -- We were second-class citizens and they treated us as such.
threshold
She felt as though she was on the threshold of a new life.
He has an extremely low pain threshold.
weak
His legs felt weak.
a weak light/signal/sound
capture
The city was captured in 1941.
The company has captured 90% of the market.
garbled
There was a garbled message from her on my voicemail.
rather
The walls were not white, but rather a sort of dirty grey.
It’s a rather difficult question.
heterodyne
1
evident
1
referred
1
entire
1
wasted
1
requirements
1
obtained
1
accuracy
1
dependent
1
quantization
1
determines
1
regularly
1
uniform
1
nearest
1
interleaving
1
garbling
1
supression
1
probalility
1
corruption
1
properties
1
interrogation
1
required
1
congestion
1
increase
1
required
1
congestion
1
density
1
equipped
1
equipage
1
obligation
1
coverage
1
determination
1
improvement
1
interference
1
seewveral
1
omni-directional
1
increase
1
occupation
1
properties
1
capability
1
additional
1
avionics
1
extendable
1
through
1
requirements
1
capacity
1
exceeded
1
influenced
1
proper
1
procurement
1
effort
1
mandatory
1
replies
1
co-operative
1
termination
1
arrival
1
smoth
1
leased line
1
stacks
1
possible
1
always
1
state
1
interconnection
1
lockout
1
interrogator
1
elementary
1
conversion
1
conform
1
reaches
1
delivered
1
extension
1
should
1
loss
1
purposis
1
access
1
assessment
1
requirements
1
additional
1
objective
1
collecting
1
such
1
keeps
1
violation
1
assigned
1
may
used to say that something is possible -- That may or may not be true. He may have (= perhaps he has) missed his train. May I come in?
regard
Her work is very highly/well regarded.
The project was widely regarded as a success.
respective
1
considered
1
less
less butter/time/importance
He was advised to smoke fewer cigarettes and drink less beer.
force
They realized the force of her argument.
magnetic/centrifugal force
condition
living/housing/working conditions
The house is in a generally poor condition.
within
That question is not within the scope of this talk.
We are now within range of enemy fire.
going
We were all sad at her going.
Walking four miles in an hour is pretty good going for me.
remain
There remained one significant problem.
constant
happening all the time or repeatedly -- constant interruptions a constant stream of visitors all day Babies need constant attention.
during
He was taken to the hospital during the night.
I only saw her once during my stay in Rome.
correlate
A high-fat diet correlates with a greater risk of heart disease.
leader
He was not a natural leader.
She’s a born leader.
regardless
The weather was terrible but we carried on regardless.
indication
She smiled, not giving the slightest indication of what had just happened.
Some car alarms have no visual indication that they are in operation.
previously
The building had previously been used as a hotel.
I had visited them three days previously.
again
He was glad to be home again.
Could you say it again, please?
proximity
a house in the proximity of (= near) the motorway
The proximity of the college to London makes it very popular.
violation
gross violations of human rights
predict
to say that something will happen in the future
synonym forecast
–
Every step in the movie is easily predicted.
restricted
a restricted space
a restricted range of foods
currently
The hourly charge is currently £35.
Currently, over 500 students are enrolled on the course.
adapt
to change something in order to make it suitable for a new use or situation
synonym modify
–
adapt something - These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.
A large organization can be slow to adapt to change.
look-ahead
look ahead (to something) to think about what is going to happen in the future
legal
Should the use of this drug be made legal?
The driver was more than three times over the legal limit.
prediction
It’s difficult to make accurate predictions about the effects on the environment.
Our prediction turns out to be correct.
availability
the availability of cheap flights
Check her availability before you schedule the meeting.
serve
He served as a captain in the army.
conformance
You need to ensure conformance to strict quality guidelines.
merged
The two groups have merged to form a new party.
decision
We need a decision on this by next week.
It’s a difficult decision for any doctor.
compare
This school compares with the best in the country (= it is as good as them).
This house doesn’t compare with our previous one (= it is not as good).
progression
the process of developing gradually from one stage or state to another /
a number of things that come in a series
–
a natural progression from childhood to adolescence
charge
She has charge of the day-to-day running of the business.
I’m leaving the school in your charge.
deviation
a deviation from the plan
a compass deviation of 5° (= from true north)
commencing
She commenced her medical career in 1956.
The meeting is scheduled to commence at noon.
comparison
comparison of A and B - a comparison of the rail systems in Britain and France
a comparison of men’s salaries with those of women
take
take somebody It’s too far to walk—I’ll take you by car.
penetrating
(of a sound or voice) loud and hard
synonym piercing
–
Her voice was shrill and penetrating.
given
We can find out how much money is spent on food in any given period.
therefore
He’s only 17 and therefore not drive a car.
terms
My terms are £20 a lesson.
according to
According to Mick, it’s a great movie.
assumed
the assumed differences between the two states
advanced
an advanced student of English
responsibility
responsibility (to do something) I think we have a moral responsibility to help these countries.
trajectories
a missile’s trajectory
usable
The bike is rusty but usable.
How can we display this data in a usable form?
-
opposite unusable
probing
the journalist’s unwanted probings
tentative
not behaving or done with confidence
synonym hesitant
–
a tentative greeting
which
Which is better exercise—swimming or tennis?
correspond
to be the same as or match something
synonym agree, tally
–
Your account and hers do not correspond.
result
This book is the result of 25 years of research.
either
You can park on either side of the street.
thus
as a result of something just mentioned
synonym hence, therefore
–
He is the eldest son and thus heir to the title.
immediately
without delay synonym at once -- She answered almost immediately. Turn right immediately after the church.
whereupon
He told her she was a liar, whereupon she walked out.
keep
Can you keep a secret?
Keep your passport in a safe place.
being
I hated him with my whole being.
necessary
necessary (for somebody/something) (to do something) that is needed for a purpose or a reason
synonym essential
–
If necessary, you can contact me at home.
injustice
the fact of a situation being unfair and of people not being treated equally; an unfair act or an example of unfair treatment
opposite justice
–
The report exposes the injustices of the system.
salaries
He gets a basic salary plus commission.
glimpse
He caught a glimpse of her in the crowd.
abandoned
There was an abandoned supermarket trolley in the middle of the road.
Police found several guns in an abandoned car.
amazing
I saw the most amazing film yesterday!
I made an amazing discovery today.
wishbone
a V-shaped bone between the neck and breast of a chicken, duck, etc. When the bird is eaten, this bone is sometimes pulled apart by two people, and the person who gets the larger part can make a wish.
stroke
He gave the cat a stroke.
raised
the sound of raised voices
Smokers often have raised blood pressure.
join
The island is joined to the mainland by a bridge.
How do these two pieces join?
Over 200 members of staff joined the strike.
aim
the aims of the lesson
She went to London with the aim of finding a job.
expected
Double the expected number of people came to the meeting.
this year’s expected earnings
instead
Lee was ill so I went instead.
He didn’t reply. Instead, he turned on his heel and left the room.
She said nothing, preferring instead to save her comments till later.
possessed
She has convinced herself that she is possessed by the devil.
probably
You’re probably right.
It’ll probably be OK.
habit
You need to change your eating habits.
I’m trying to break the habit of staying up too late.
lieu
in lieu (of something)
instead of
–
We work on Saturdays and have a day off in lieu during the week.
survey
a comprehensive survey of modern music
94% of people who took part in the survey said they agreed.
The survey covered 74 species.
influence
What exactly is the influence of television on children?
I have absolutely no influence over him.
