English Vocabulary in Use Flashcards
cram
study in a very concentrated way for a short time
genius
an exceptionally clever person
past papers
exam papers from previous years
rote-learning
learning purely by repetition
mnemonics
tricks that help your remember something
bury yourself in your books
spend the maximum time studying
intensively
in a very focused way
inside out
know it completely
composition (academic writing)
often 50-100 words used for school
essay
longer than a composition, more serious, hundreds or thousands of words
assignment
like an essay, could be hundreds or thousands of words and is usually a part of a course
project
usually submitted at the end of a course and it’s based on one’s own ideas and topic
portfolio
a collection of creative work
dissertation
10k-15k words, research-based work for Masters
thesis
80k-100k words, research-based work, original, for PhD
mind map
a diagram that lays out ideas for a topic and how they are connected to one another
first draft
first, rough version
plagiarism
using other people’s work as one’s own
acknowledge
give details of
deadline
date by which you must hand in the work
submitted
formally handed in
assessed
evaluated and given a grade
feedback
comments from a teacher/tutor about your work
carry out research
do research
academic journals
academic magazines that are published on very specialized topics and used for research
papers/articles
papers/articles
equality of opportunity
when everyone has the same chances
selective
pupils are chosen for entry, usually for academic or non-academic reasons.
comprehensive
everyone enters without exams and education is free
schooling
receiving education at school
elitism
favoring a small privileged group
inherent in
existing as a basic part of something
league tables
lists of schools and colleges ranked from best to worst based on exam results and other criteria
perpetuate
to make something continue
two-tier system
a system with two different levels
perceives
sees, or considers
better-off
richer
less well-off
poorer
well-endowed
receiving a lot of money in grants and gifts from rich people = endowment
depressing
reducing
excel
to achieve a high standard
scholarships
money given to pay for studies provided on the basis of academic merit
bursaries
money given to pay for studies provided on the basis of need
tertiary
education at university or college level
student loans
money that students can borrow from a bank while studying and then pay back once employed
undergaraduates
students doing a first degree
postgarduates
students doing a further degree
tuition fees
money paid to receive teaching
the three Rs
reading, writing, and arithmetic
literacy
the ability to read and write
numeracy
the ability to count and do basic maths
curriculum reform
changing the syllabus which the what is planned to be studied
lifelong/continuing education
education for mature students
bullying
threatening behavior
passion for
you like it very much
challenging
a positive word for something that is difficult and exciting
fast-paced
moving quickly
openings
available jobs
reporting to
the person you report to is your boss
previous experience
experience of this type of job from before
full training
all the training you need
post
job
career prospects
opportunities for promotion and career development
leadership qualities
the ability to lead a group
competitive salary
as good as or better than other salaries for similar positions
benefits package
all the extra benefits that a company offers (as well as a salary)
subsidised
partly paid for by the company
hands-on
practical, direct
field
area
customer-facing
dealing directly with customers
team player
good at working with other staff
managerial experience
experience at leading a group of people
recruiting
hiring new staff
criteria
requirements used for evaluation
shortlisted
chosen from a larger group
trial run
a practise of something new
boost
improve
line manager
the person who is directly responsible for your work
body language
physical movements which show how you’re feeling
speak up
speak loudly and clearly
talk us through
talk about it in details
in-house
within the company
supervisor
the person who checks your work
take on
start to have
notice period
the period you need to work after you give an official notice that you’re leaving
outlining
giving an overview of
paid leave
time off you are paid for
opposite number/counterpart
someone who works the same position in another branch of the company
collaboration
working together to achieve a shared goal
rapport
relationship
hierarchical
a system where people are ranked by importance
pecking order
a system where some people get benefits and promotions before others
job-share
two people working the same job
hot-desking
a policy where people share desks in an office
talk shop
talk about work
mundane
not interesting
stimulating
encouraging new thinking and new ideas
workload
the amount of work assigned
mechnical
doesn’t require thinking (manual)
knoking off
finishing work (clocking out)
monotonous
boring never changes
glamorous
popular and exciting
anti-social
doesn’t enable a normal social life
mind-numbing
extremely boring
dead-end job
job with no prospects of promotion
technician
practical work with electrical equipment
went in with
formed a business partnership with
start-up
a small business that has just started
job satisfaction
a feeling of job fullfilment
run-of-the-mill job
ordinary, not special
morale
amount of confidence felt
dynamic
constantly changing
perks
extra benefits
skeleton staff
minimum staff to operate
interview panel
a group of people who interview an applicant
compulsary redundancies
people who are laid off
telesales/telemarketing
selling or marketing goods by phone
cold calling
phoning people who have not requested a call to try to sell them something
hard sell
attempt to sell something by being very forceful or persuasive
part with their money
spend their money
TV shopping channel
TV channel devoted to selling merchandise
merchandise
goods bought and sold
hasn’t looked back since
has moved forward successfully
purchasing power
the ability people have to buy goods
shop around
try different companies before making a purchasing decision
stocks it
keep it in stock
trade something up
buying a thing of a higher value to what you currently have
brand loyalty
confidence in a particular make and tendency to always choose it
loss leader
is an underpriced item used to attract customers hoping that will also buy some other profitable ones
niche market
A market selling special items for a specialised group of customers such as selling yoga pants