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English GACE > English Vocab Words > Flashcards

English Vocab Words Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
0
Q

Tone

A

The author’s attitude toward the audience.

  • the attitude a writer puts into a subject
  • is established by diction (word choice), syntax (order of words), and rhetoric.
  • the way the author’a voice sounds
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1
Q

Structure

A

A specific pattern or plot structure a story falls.
-most common is chronological - beginning to end
-uncommon ones include:
Epistolary Novel: diary or letter form
Ex) The Color Purple
Frame Narrative: a story told within a story ex) Sleepy Hollow
In Medias Res: in the middle of things. Story begins with significant moment and goes back to events leading up to it.

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2
Q

Mood

A

The overall feeling or emotion the author establishes by the choice of words and language, actions of characters, and setting.

  • the feeling the reader experiences from a subject.
  • how the atmosphere in the passage feels
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3
Q

Rhetoric

A

Language choices and techniques used to communicate perspective and to modify the perspectives of others.
-rhetoric is about HOW ideas are presented and HOW messages are delivered.

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4
Q

Theme

A

The deeper message of the text.

-what you take away from the text.

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5
Q

Dramatic Irony

A

When the audience knows more than the characters on stage.

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6
Q

Types of rhyme

A
  • end rhyme
  • internal rhyme
  • slant rhyme
  • consonance (similar consonants)
  • assonance (similar vowel sounds)
  • alliteration (repetition of initial sound)
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7
Q

Rhyme scheme

A

The pattern of end rhymes in a poem.
Ex) abab
Or
Aabb

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8
Q

Stanza

A

Group of lines in a poem.
Arranged in two forms:

  • fixed form: most typical type and is written in traditional verse and generally rhymes. Some have specific requirements
  • free form: free verse poetry which has no guidelines
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9
Q

Ballad

A

A narrative poem, often of folk origin, intended to be sung.
-the ballad stanza is a quatrain with the lines ABCB

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10
Q

Lyric poetry

A

Expresses a person’s thoughts and feelings.

-elegies, odes, and sonnets are examples

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11
Q

Sonnet

A

A 14-line poem with a fixed rhyme scheme
-Petrarchan sonnet:
abbaabba cdecde

-Shakespearean sonnet:
abab cdcd efef gg

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12
Q

Subjective

A

Every person has his own definition of what something means. Subjective ideas cannot be proven.

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13
Q

Irony

A

Form of speech intended to convey the opposite of the actual meaning of the words.

  • verbal irony: ex) sarcasm
  • situational irony: famous composer who loses his hearing
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14
Q

Satire

A

Form of writing that ridicules or scorns people, practices, or institutions in order to expose failings.

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15
Q

Figurative language

A

Convey the meaning that goes beyond the literal meaning of the words

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16
Q

Simile

A

Makes a comparison using linking words like, as, or than.

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17
Q

Metaphor

A

Same as simile without use of linking word. One thing IS another.
Ex) it’s a jungle out there!

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18
Q

Idiom

A

A saying or expression specific to speakers of a particular language.
Ex) don’t put all of your eggs in one basket!

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19
Q

Connotation vs denotation.

A

Denotation: actual dictionary definition

Connotation: a specific meaning or idea a word brings to mind. Could be positive or negative.

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20
Q

Parallelism

A

Repetition of similar parts of a sentence or several sentences to show that the phrases or sentences are of equal importance
-must share same grammatical structure
Ex) I came, I saw, I conquered

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21
Q

Repetition

A

Used to emphasize a point

-rhetorical strategy

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22
Q

Analogy

A

More extensive than metaphor and simile

Helps to convey difficult ideas by comparing them to things or ideas most people know.

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23
Q

Cognates

A

Words that have the same origin or are related in some way to words in other languages
Ex) night, noche, nuit

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24
Q

Propaganda

A

A specific type of persuasion used to promote a political, commercial, or civil cause.

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25
Q

Credibility

A

A credible source is one you can trust to present accurate, unbiased information.

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26
Q

Controlling idea- or thesis

A

The primary message of a piece of writing.

-found in the title, thesis statement, and/or conclusion.

27
Q

Subordinate- or supporting ideas

A

Details that support the controlling idea

-found in the body and:or topic sentence of each paragraph.

28
Q

Informal vs. Formal language

A

Ex)
What’s up, man?
Vs.
Hello, how are you?

29
Q

Anecdotal scripting

A

A method of organizing info

-recording events of a literary work by keeping a list or timeline of events

30
Q

Haiku

A

Short poems that use sensory language. Often write about nature.
-traditionally haikus are 17 syllables divided into three sections: 5, 7, 5

31
Q

Ode

A

A poem praising or glorifying a person, place, or thing

32
Q

Quatrain

A

A poem consisting of 4 lines of verse with a specific rhyming scheme

33
Q

Epigram

A

Short satirical message or statement with either a humorous retort or stinging Punchline.
A witty saying.
Ex) an eye for an eye leaves the whole world blind

34
Q

Epic

A

A long narrative poem celebrating the adventures and achievements of a hero.

35
Q

Anthology

A

Collection of poems

36
Q

Determine meaning of a word by:

A

Syntax( order of words and rules surrounding making sentences)
Affixes
Context

37
Q

Simple sentence

A

Independent clause.

Subject, predicate, and expresses a complete thought

38
Q

Predicate

A

Part of sentence containing a verb

39
Q

Compound sentence

A

Contains two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction
Ex) Alex played football, so Maria went shopping

40
Q

Conjunctions

A

For, and, nor, but, or, yet, so

FANBOYS

41
Q

Complex sentences

A

Has an independent clause joined by a dependent/subordinate clause
Ex) I’ll go to the store since I have no milk
**dependent clauses do not express a complete thought and can’t stand alone

42
Q

Subordinating conjunction

A

Because, since, after, although, so, until, whenever, when.

They join two clauses to make one grammatically subordinate, or dependent on the other.
Ex) we can’t skate UNTIL the ice is thicker.

43
Q

Antagonist

A

The main villain

44
Q

Protagonist

A

Main character

45
Q

Allegory

A

Parallel story with underlying moral or message. Can be a visual, textual, or musical representation and often has a hidden meaning or message.

46
Q

Split Infinitive

A

Puts an adverb between two parts of the full infinitive
Ex) to quickly go or to swiftly run
-A full infinitive is made up of two words with a verb
Ex) to go, to run

47
Q

Modifier

A

A word or phrase that adds detail or description
Ex) shopping with Lisa today, I found a great purse.
Everything except I found a purse are modifiers

48
Q

Misplaced Modifier

A

The modifier is poorly placed and reader may be unsure of what word the modifier is describing.
Ex) the jacket was just too small in the store.

49
Q

Relative clause

A

Cannot stand alone and needs to be attached to a main clause.
It will begin with a relative adjective: who, whom, whose, that, or which
OR
Relative adverb: when, where, or why

Ex) Which Frank did not accept.
Connect this to a main clause to make a complete sentence

50
Q

Subordinate or Dependent Clause

A

Begins with a conjunction or relative pronoun.
Ex) After Amy sneezed in the salad.
Must make this a complete sentence.

51
Q

Dialect

A

A form of language that is spoken in a particular area with its own words, grammar, phonology, vocabulary.
Elaborated the geographical and social background of a person

52
Q

Pidgin

A

A simplified version of a language between two people who do not speak the same language. Made up for basic communication purposes.

53
Q

Creole

A

A stable language made from two or more languages

Ex) Spanish and French and African mixture in Louisiana

54
Q

Regionalism

A

Language that is not standard for that country but for that particular region.

55
Q

Gerund

A

A verb form ending in “ing” and is used in the same way a noun is used.
Ex) cooking is enjoyable

56
Q

Participle

A

A verb form that can function as an adjective

Ex) a moving van is outside

57
Q

Second person POV

A

“You” and for mainly instructional writing

58
Q

Third person Limited POV

A

Uses “he/she/it”

  • the narrator only knows what the character knows
  • limited to only one character
59
Q

Third person multiple POV

A

Same but narrator can follow multiple characters in the story

60
Q

Third person omniscient POV

A

Same but narrator knows everything, like the narrator is God

61
Q

Colloquialism

A

A word or phrase that is not formal or literary but used in ordinary or familiar conversation
Can include slang but is NOT slang
-are often geographical in nature
Ex) que pasa?

62
Q

Jargon

A

Terminology that is especially defined in relationship to a specific activity, group, or profession

63
Q

Appositive

A

A noun or noun phrase that renames another noun right beside it.
Ex) the insect, a cockroach, is crawling on the table.

64
Q

Auxiliary verb

A

Helping verbs:
Do, have, be in all their forms
-look online

65
Q

Characteristics of Greek Tragedy

A
  • Love, loss, abuse of power, pride
  • terrible crime with realization of this crime later when it is too late to reconcile
  • fate
  • the tragic hero must be essentially admirable and good
  • Anagorisis: tragic recognition or insight
  • the downfall of a good person
  • arouses pity and fear in the audience
66
Q

Characteristics of Elizabethan Tragedy

A
  • must end in some tremendous catastrophe
  • catastrophe brought on by character, not a mere accident
  • audience cares for his fate more than anything else
  • violent acts and action
  • more use of supernatural forces, unlike the Greek
  • The tragic hero
  • No chorus, unlike the Greek, unless for comic relief
  • Emphasis is laid upon the responsibility of the individual in bringing about his ruin

English GACE (10 decks)

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