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english vocab Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

cloying

A

excessively sweet, rich, or sentimental, especially to a disgusting or sickening degree

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2
Q

Burnish

A

to make shiny or lustrous especially by rubbing

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3
Q

saccharine

A

excessively sweet or sentimental.

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4
Q

Allegory

A

Story/ character/ place/ event used to convey hidden meaning, typically moral or political, about real-world events or issues

ex. Duncans death, allegory for killing king

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5
Q

allusion

A

an implied or indirect reference especially in literature, writer assumes reader is familiar with

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6
Q

archetype

A

First real example/ prototype of something
ideal model/perfect image

macbeth at start of play is archetypal jacobean soldier/nobleman

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7
Q

bathos

A

Anti-climaz which is abrupt.
Usually humour that comes from odd and sudden change in tone
porter scene= comic relief in the grim tragic atmosphere/ intense tragic momentum

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8
Q

Biblical

A

Religious connotations

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9
Q

blazon

A

Poem in which speaker describes womans physique by focus/listing individual body parts

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10
Q

caricature

A

Imitation, notable characteristics exxagerated to comic/grotesque effect

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11
Q

colloquialism

A

Informal phrase common at time of utterance

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12
Q

Comic relief

A

Releif from tension

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13
Q

Connotation

A

Using text to create implied meaning w/o explicitly referring to said meaning

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14
Q

Dichotomy

A

Division or contrast between two opposing things

titular character, Macbeth himself, and the dichotomy that develops within him

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15
Q

Double entendre

A

Words or phrases that have double meaning and is deliberately ambiguous, especially wen one of the meanings is risque

(elizebethan england, “die” refers to death and orgasm)

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16
Q

Dysphemism

A

a derogatory or unpleasant term used instead of a pleasant or neutral one
(contrast neutral/euphimistic terms)
-“20 trenched gashes” banquos murder at banquet , graphic deatil of brutal murder horrify jacobean audience, contrast euphimism earlier “is he dispatched”/”catch the nearest way” conveys now familiar and comfortable with murder

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17
Q

Epithet

A

A word/ phrase applied to a person to describe an actual or credited quality
“star crossed lovers” for romeo an juliet

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18
Q

epitome

A

Perfect example/ embodiment of a concept

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19
Q

Epizeuxis

A

Repetition of words in succession within the same sentence
“tomorrow”
-cycle of lang, mirroring time, passes day after day
“out”

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20
Q

Euphemism

A

the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant
opposite of dysphemism
“this nights great business into my dispatch”
“catch the nearest way”

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21
Q

Metaphor that continues over many sentences or even whole play

A

Extended metaphor

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22
Q

An indicator that an event will occur later in the narrative

A

Foreshadowing

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23
Q

Ugly and distorted, physically or figuritavely, in a way that is comic or repulsive

A

Grotesque

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24
Q

Use of exaggerated statements

A

Hyperbole

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25
Q

Use of language which is visually descriptive or symbolic

A

Imagery

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26
Q

Embedding a meaning using language typically implying the opposite of what the writer is intending to express,
often for humorous effect

A

Irony

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27
Q

Comparing two concepts, characters, clauses, in close proximity in a passage for the effect of contrast

A

Juxtaposition

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28
Q

A physical expression or realisation of an abstract idea through a character, object, place or event

Macbeth ‘s struggle against the natural order is manifested in his attempt to transcend time. Another manifestation of this struggle lies in Macbeth ‘s attempt to become more masculine by subduing his feelings

A

Manifestation

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29
Q

An element that reoccurs such as a word, phrase, idea, image, action, character or symbol that appears throughout the play for emphasis

blood, violence of regicide + society
weather, foreshadows death/destruction/chos

weather manifestation of gods punishment

A

Motif

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30
Q

Two opposing terms placed next to each other

“fair/foul”

A

Oxymoron

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31
Q

A story used to tech a moral or spiritual lesson, typically told in bible by jesus

A

Parable

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32
Q 
working-class people regarded collectively 
Eva Smith represents the proletariat, who has been exploited by the bourgeoisie. Mr. Birling represents capitalist ideas and the belief that profit is key
A

Proleteriat

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33
Q

the attribution of human feelings and responses to inanimate things or animals

A

Pathetic fallacy

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34
Q

Giving something non-human a human trait, capability or personality

A

Personification

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35
Q

A play on words which suggests multiple meanings

A

Pun

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36
Q

Criticising people through the use of humour/ irony

A

Satire

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37
Q

A writer uses words which are linked by a theme or topic throughout a text or passage

A

Semantic field

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38
Q

Repetition of “s” sound

like serpent

A

Sibilance

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39
Q

Comparing something with like or as

A

Simile

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40
Q

Using one object/character to represent wider concept running through novel

A

Symbolism

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41
Q

A particular type of character, event, setting used frequently in stories

A

trope

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42
Q

Imagery representing animal forms

  • snake biblical/sly
  • birds (hawk/raven/owl/eagle) natural order, imperial, strength,success, omen, death
  • horses noble,”beautous and swift” ambition, loyal, relied upon “‘Tis said they eat each other.”
A

zoomorphism

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43
Q

the belief that people always act selfishly

cynical person

A

Cynisism

44
Q

“I have a dream”
repetition of a word or words at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines to create a sonic effect
“all hail”

A

Anaphora

45
Q

suggests both earthly and eternal significance

A

Biblical language suggests

46
Q

Parallel structure that uses opposites to create emphasis

a person or thing that is the direct opposite of someone or something else

A

Antithesis

47
Q

Part of actors lines not meant to be heard by other characters on stage and intended only for the audience
short digression vs soliloquy

A

Aside

48
Q

Unrhymed poetry written in iambic pentameter

-spoken by nobles

A

Blank verse

49
Q

convoluted syntax + hyperbolic metaphor during Captain’s speech
display greatness of Macbeth also high flown rhetoric of the classical messenger,
deteriorates arguably demonstrate retrogression of the Captain thus implying may be unreliable source not good test of the nobility of Macbeth, with loss of coherence.

A

Speech pattern of captain in macbeth

50
Q

extremely complex and difficult to follow
captain
Mr b

A

Convoluted

51
Q

the process of returning to an earlier state, typically a worse one.

A

Retrogression

52
Q

Decay, descent, decline, degradation

A

Retrogression synonym

53
Q

Agitated, alarmed, unsettled
lady m
eric

A

Perturbed

54
Q

Rhymed pair of lines

  • witchcraft
  • nursery rhyme, toying+familiar
  • easy to listen to, easily influenced by
  • something almost insistent
  • “for it is a knell That summons thee to heaven or to hell” , reminder of witches influence
A

Couplet

55
Q

When same sequence of events repeats throughout a story

A

Cyclical

56
Q

Character oblivious of reality of which audience is aware

A

Dramatic irony

57
Q

Passage of speech in which one person is speaking to an audience/ thinking out loud

A

Dramatic monologue

58
Q

repetition of a word or expression at the end of successive phrases, clauses, sentences, or verses especially for rhetorical or poetic effect
“When you durst do it, then you were a man; / And to be more than you were, you would / Be so much more the man”

A

Epistrophe

59
Q

Information provided through stage directions,narration,dialogue or description, used to introduce the audience to crucial information

A

Exposition

60
Q

a pair of rhyming lines that is present in a heroic poem or that relays themes of heroism within a larger poem

A

Heroic couplet

61
Q

Liken to human heartbeat

A

Iambic pentameter

62
Q

Starting in the middle of the action

A

In media res

63
Q

Using place, group of people to represent something much larger

  • ‘a desert place’, shrouded by sky, subjected to ‘thunder and lighting’ is microcosm for whole play thunder and lightning-force
  • ‘pink and intimate’ microcosm, generation nostalgic for pre war
A

microcosm

64
Q

Statement that seems to contradict itself but is still true
binary opposites
oxymoronic

A

Paradox

65
Q

a word, line or phrase that is repeated within the lines or stanzas of the poem itself
The answer, my friend, is blowin’ in the wind, The answer is blowin’ in the wind

A

Refrain

66
Q

a pastoral or lyrical poem of nineteen lines, with only two rhymes throughout, and some lines repeated

A

Villanelle

67
Q

reveal hidden thoughts, conflicts, secrets, or motives

A

Soliloquy

68
Q

Dualogue, characters speak one after other in quick succession
Macbeth and Lady Macbeth exchange dialogue rapidly to show the increasing tension and guilt.

Owl scream/crickets cry
when
now
as I descended

A

Stichomythia

69
Q

the point in a play, novel, etc., in which a principal character recognizes or discovers another character’s true identity or the true nature of their own circumstances.

A

Anagnorosis

70
Q

the process of releasing, and thereby providing relief from, strong or repressed emotions

A

Catharsis

71
Q

Character with qualities that contrast with other characters

macbeth/banquo
Duncan and Macduff
represent noblest aspects of what Macbeth is not; Duncan kindly compassionate ruler, Macbeth consumed own powers than the affairs of state.

A

Foil

72
Q

Characters tragic flaw

A

Hamartia

73
Q

Exaggerated self-pride or confidence often leads to fatal retaliation

A

Hubris

74
Q

Leading character in a play

A

Peripetia

75
Q

Leading character in the play

A

Protagonist

76
Q

Character depicted perfect and honourable yet has one fatal flaw/hamartia

A

Tragic hero

77
Q

Stories of king Arthur and his knights of the round table, popular for how they celebrate patriotism

macbeth- treachery/tyranny
arthur- bravery/courage
had potential to be Arthurian legend

A

Arthurian legend

78
Q

Right and ability to be able to govern yourself and your actions and decisions

A

Autonomy

79
Q

Moral, religious, social code of medieval knights, inc. Bravery, honesty, courtesy

A

Code of chivalry

80
Q

Traditional way of doing things

A

convention

81
Q

Denying someone their humanity, inc. Emotions and independent thought(autonomy)

A

Dehumansie

82
Q

a belief asserting that a monarch is subject to no earthly authority, deriving his right to rule directly from the will of God

A

Divine order/great chain of being

83
Q

Belief in medieval christianity that all life and matter on death organised into hierarchy by god

A

Great chain of being

84
Q

Front or mask put up to disguise something or someones true character

A

Facade

85
Q

the development of events outside a person’s control, regarded as predetermined by a supernatural power.

A

Fate

86
Q

three goddesses who presided over the birth and life of humans. Each person’s destiny was thought of as a thread spun, measured, and cut by the three Fates, Clotho, Lachesis, and Atropos

3 witches

A

Fates

87
Q

Enriches the ordinary into the extraordinary

A

Literature

88
Q

All shakespeares plays perfomed

A

Globe theatre

89
Q

Someone who isn’t christian
pagan/lacks moral principles
associating with pagan god “will all great neptunes oceans”

A

Heathen

90
Q

Never failing, incapable of making mistakes

A

Infallible

91
Q

Macbeth even traces the roots of chaos and evil to women and blames them for it. Macbeth’s actions during the play justifies Shakespeare’s authorial choice of weaving in gender roles and masculinity to explain his use of misogyny. During the play both Macbeth and lady macbeth equate masculinity with naked aggression, violence then follows when they converse about manhood.

A

misogyny

92
Q

Beyond legality and often religion

right from wrong

A

Morality

93
Q

Moral lessons

A

Mythology

94
Q

intended to teach, particularly in having moral instruction as an ulterior motive.

A

didactic

95
Q

existing beyond what is obvious or admitted; intentionally hidden

A

Ulterior

96
Q

Belief life is pointless/meaningless

futile

A

Nihilism

97
Q

Pre/Non-christianreligion , worships nature

neptune

A

Paganism

98
Q

System whereby men have utimate authority which they use to press women who are largely excluded from male dominated society

A

Patriarchy

99
Q

Having negative veiw/opinion not based on logic

A

prejudice

100
Q

Regret and guilt for bad deed

A

remorse

101
Q

Feel/ express great regret for sinning/commiting crime, particularly in religious context
“all the perfumes of Arabia will not seeten this little hand”

A

Repent

102
Q

Assassination attempt 1605 on james I, catholics tried to blow up parliament

A

Gunpowder plot

103
Q

14th-17th century where artists,writers,philosophers revisited works of ancient greeks and romans

A

Renaissance

104
Q

Depicts downfall and reversal of fortune for good person, suffering usually awaits many characters foretold by fate, especially the tragic hero, eponymous macbeth

A

Tragedy

105
Q

Behaviour or trait that is immoral

A

Vice

106
Q

Behaviour or trate that is moral

A

Virtue

English (4 decks)

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