English terminology test Flashcards
Compound sentence
a main and a subordinate clause e.g. This house is too expensive, and that house is too small
Repetition: Anaphora
repetition of word/phrase at the beginning of successive clauses/lines e.g. Cherki was a great player, Cherki was a great person
Parallel Syntax (Parallelism)
repetition of phrases in adjacent sentences/clauses e.g. Mary likes to hike, to swim, and to ride a bicycle. Mary likes to hike, swim, and ride a bicycle
Embedded clause
an embedded clause is a clause (a group of words that includes a subject and a verb) that is within a main clause, usually marked by commas. The giraffe, who was the tallest in the zoo, towered over the other animals.
Alliteration
the repetition of a sound in words close together e.g. Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers
Parenthetic commas
Parenthetical words and phrases add extra information to a sentence without altering its basic meaning
e.g. Shakespeare’s longest play, Hamlet, is also his most popular play
Alliteration: Plosive
the repetition of these consonant sounds: t,k, andp(without voice) andd,g, andb(voiced).
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers’’
Sibilance
the repetition of ‘s’ or ‘sh’ sounds
She sells seashells on the sea shore
Onomatopoeia
when the word itself sounds like the sound it is describing
Ouch, Boom
Consonance
Repetition of consonant sounds,
Glass Boss
Imagery
visual representations or comparisons used figuratively,
e.g. The old book had water spots across its spine. Some of the pages yellowed.
Simile
Comparison that uses like or as
He was as good as Messi
Metaphor
comparison without an obvious comparative word such as ‘like’ – instead suggests something actually is or was something else.
The bee was an airplane in the sky
Personification
inanimate objects or abstract concepts with animate or living qualities
The cat screamed out of fear
Hyperbole
Exaggeration for effect
I’m so hungry I could eat a horse
Noun
a person, animal, place, thing, or idea, e.g. a phone
Abstract Noun
an idea, quality or state rather than a concrete object e.g. danger, happiness
Concrete Noun
a noun denoting a material object rather than an abstract quality, state, or action, e.g.dog,building,tree
Adverb
Describes a verb, he ran quickly
Adjective
Describes a noun, it was a scintillating suit
Verb
a ‘being’, ‘doing’ or ‘having’ word, running
Repetition: Epiphora
repetition of word/phrase at the end of successive clauses/lines, He wants pizza, I want pizza, we all want pizza
Fricatives
Repitition of a F or V, The vehicle was very vast
Repetition: Epizeuxis
the same word repeated in succession, He was very very fast
Assonance
the repetition of similar vowel sounds to create internal rhymes (e.g.sonnet,porridge), but also from the use of identical consonants with different vowels (e.g.killed,cold,culled)..
Aspirants
Repetition of breathy sounds - H in particular, Harry had a heavy hammer
Dialect
a particular form of a language which is peculiar to a specific region or social group, French
Stative verbs
Verbs that express states of being or processes e.g. believe
Lexical set
A group of words joined by similarities e.g. Cat, dog, tortoise, goldfish, gerbil
Litote
A deliberated statement, not great Bob in reference to him failing his test
Volta
The turning point in a sonnet
Conceit
A deliberately elaborate metaphor, Life is a bowl of cherries
Archaisms
Words or phrases no longer in use, thee and thou
Allusions
To refer to something indirectally, I’ll turn into a pumpkin if im not home on time
Phonology
The study of sound
Pathetic fallacy
When environment mirros emotions, The sun was smiling down upon him
Apostrophe
is a figure of speech in which the poet addresses an absent person, an abstract idea, or a thing,
“O romeo, romeo, wherefore thou art Romeo
Syntax
Organisation of words in a sentence, e.g. The boy kicked the ball
Semantics
Implied meanings, destination and last stop mean the same thing but semantics find their subtle differences
