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English Terminology Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

Common noun

A

A naming word for a thing that is tangible- ( chair, penguin, man)

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2
Q

Abstract noun

A

A naming word for an idea, concept, state of being or belief ( tidiness, sadness, love, politics, Marxism)

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3
Q

Proper noun

A

A naming word for a specific example of a common boy. ( places or people)

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4
Q

Active verb

A

A word that represents a physical action (jump, run, kill )

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5
Q

Stative verb

A

A word that represents a process that is often only mental (think, love, ponder)

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6
Q

Auxiliary verb

A

A verb that has been used with another verb in order to create present participles or the future tense (did you go, I am going, you will go)

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7
Q

Modal verb

A

An auxiliary verb that express a degree of possibility or necessity (might, could, must, should)

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8
Q

Definite article

A

The

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9
Q

Indefinite article

A

A or an

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10
Q

Demonstrative pronoun

A

This that those

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11
Q

Monosyllabic Lexis

A

Words of one syllable

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12
Q

Polysyllabic lexis

A

Words or two or more syllable

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13
Q

Imperative sentence mood

A

When a sentence is issuing a command

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14
Q

Declarative sentence mood

A

When a sentence is making a statement

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15
Q

Interrogative sentence mood

A

When a sentence is asking a question

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16
Q

Exclamatory sentence mood

A

When a sentence conveys a strong sense of emotion, alarm or overly strong emphasis

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17
Q

Tenor

A

The tone, or relationship between author and reader and how it is created

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18
Q

Themes

A

Recurring ideas and images in a text

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19
Q

Exclamation

A

One word sentence (always minor sentence) with an exclamation mark at the end

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20
Q

Syntax

A

The way words form sentences (the ordering of them to create meaning)

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21
Q

Parenthesis

A

An aside within a text created by sectioning off extra information between brackets, dashes or between two commas

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22
Q

Hypophora

A

When a rhetorical question is immediately followed by an answer in a text

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23
Q

Parallelism

A

The creation of patterns in a text, through repetition of words or phrases (phonological parallelism) or by balancing meanings (semantic parallelism) for deliberate effect

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24
Q

Pre-modification

A

A descriptive technique where the descriptive words come before the thing they are describing

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25
Q

Post modification

A

a descriptive technique where the descriptive words come after the thing they are describing

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26
Q

Synecdoche

A

A metaphor that states that something is only a small constituent part of itself, even though we commonly understand otherwise ( a new set of wheels)

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27
Q

Allusion

A

To refer to something indirectly or metaphorically

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28
Q

Homeric/ epic simile

A

When a simile continues throughout a text with recurring references to the compared items ( like in homers odyssey)

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29
Q

Lexis

A

Meaning word

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30
Q

Field specific lexis

A

The language of a certain area

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31
Q

Lexical set

A

The selection of related lexemes from a text

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32
Q

Lexical bundle

A

A recurrent sequence of words

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33
Q

Semantics

A

Meaning of words

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34
Q

Homophone

A

Different words that sound exactly the same when said out loud

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35
Q

Homonym

A

When one word has multiple meanings

36
Q

Archaism

A

A word that over time has fallen out of common usage

37
Q

Antithesis

A

When ideas contrast or oppose one another

38
Q

Collocations

A

Words that, through usage, just naturally go together

39
Q

Asyndetic listing

A

The listing of elements that excludes any form of coordinating conjunction

40
Q

Syndetic listing

A

The listing of elements that features a coordinating conjunction

41
Q

Phonological features

A

Any devices that relate to sound

42
Q

Consonance

A

The repetition of double consonants in the middle of words

43
Q

Exposition

A

the parts of a story where the writer gets across all the information about the situation of a character

44
Q

Antagonist

A

Character who opposes the goals of the protagonist

45
Q

Anthropomorphism

A

When an animal takes on the characteristics of a human being

46
Q

Mimesis

A

Mimicry. A story, for example, may mimic the gasping breath of a protagonist by using short, sharp, sentences and lots of aspirant alliteration

47
Q

Pastiche

A

A piece of art or writing that imitates a form or genre to generate humour

48
Q

Satire

A

A piece of art or writing that pokes fun at the societal estabilidhment

49
Q

Neologism

A

A newly invented word

50
Q

Portmanteau

A

A newly invented word, created by merging 2 words together

51
Q

Compound words

A

A word created by utilising two existing words separated by a hyphen

52
Q

Dysphemism

A

An unnecessarily extreme way of saying something, not normally socially appropriate

53
Q

Malapropism

A

When a speaker accidentally uses the wrong word that sounds the same, or like it should belong on their sentence

54
Q

Orthography

A

The method of correct spelling

55
Q

Etymology

A

The origin of a word or the history of how it came to be

56
Q

Anachronistic language

A

Language that seems out of time

57
Q

Semantic shift

A

The shift in a words meaning over time

58
Q

Inverted syntax

A

When the ordering of words is rearranged to create alternate weighting to a sentence

59
Q

Paralinguistic features

A

Things that aid communication but don’t constitute language ( body language, facial expressions)

60
Q

Prosodic features

A

Sound effects of the spoke language (stress, intonation and pitch)

61
Q

Adjacency pair

A

A moment in turn taking where in utterance constrains the response in some way

62
Q

Back channelling

A

The process of giving feedback through encouraging noises and positive comments whilst the speaker is talking

63
Q

Interrupted construction

A

The breakdown of an utterance where half way through the speaker will completely change tact, focus or even topic

64
Q

False starts

A

The speaker realises the beginning of an utterance isn’t working and so effectively re starts by rephrasing

65
Q

Latch-ons

A

When a speaker takes their turn immediately after the preceding speaker has finished, leaving no, or little, pause.

66
Q

Glottal stops

A

The omission of usually dental sounds in the middle of words (butter, letter, better)

67
Q

Tag question

A

A question tagged onto the end of a statement ( it’s cold, isn’t it?)

68
Q

Vocative

A

A direct reference to another speaker in discourse

69
Q

Elision

A

The omission of a vowel or syllable in the pronunciation of a work ( it’s one or t’other)

70
Q

Received Pronunciation

A

The typical pronunciation associated with the social elite of Britain

71
Q

Regional dialect

A

The actual words and spoken grammar which is particular to a certain geographical region

72
Q

Sociolect

A

The vocabulary and spoken grammar which is particular to a certain social group

73
Q

Idiolect

A

The speech patterns of an individual

74
Q

Alternate rhyme

A

ABAB rhyme scheme

75
Q

End-focus

A

A change in the structure of the sentence to place emphasis on a closing sentence element

76
Q

Eye rhyme

A

Where the rhyme looks like it should rhyme but the sound is not exactly the same

77
Q

Foregrounding

A

A change in the structure of the sentence to place emphasis on an opening sentence element

78
Q

Internal rhyme

A

Where rhyming sound occurs within a line of verse

79
Q

Octet

A

An eight line verse

80
Q

Pentameter

A

A unit of poetic meter containing five feet ( 10 syllable)

81
Q

Petrarchan or Italian sonnet

A

14 lines, divided into octet and sestet, iambic pentameter, abbaabbba cdecde

82
Q

Quatrain

A

4 line verse

83
Q

Sestet

A

Six line verse

84
Q

Shakespearean sonnet

A

14 lines, divided into 3 quatrains and a couplet, iambic pentameter, abab cdcd, efef, gg

85
Q

Volta

A

Turning point in a sonnet

English (1 decks)

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