English Strategies Flashcards
Remember to:
Identify what’s wrong by using grammar rules!
Remember to(1):
Eliminate what obviously doesn’t work.
Subject-Verb Agreement:
Singular: ThIS applE tasteS good.
Subject-Verb Agreement(1):
Plural: ThESE appleS tastE good.
Subject-Verb Agreement(2):
“And” “both” are plural. BOTH Jack AND Jill ARE walking.
Subject-Verb Agreement(3):
SING IT! “EACH, EITHER, NEITHER, AND ALL YOUR ONES’ AND BODYS’ ARE SING-GUL-AR!”
Pronouns-Singular Subjective:
I, you, he, she, it
Pronouns-Singular Objective:
Me, you, him, her, it
Pronouns-Singular Possessive:
Mine, yours, his, hers, its
Pronouns-Plural Subjective:
We, you all/y’all, they
Pronouns-Plural Objective:
Us, you all/y’all, them
Remember:
Pronouns and the noun it represents (antecedent) must agree
Comparatives:
Comparing 2 items. end in er. better, faster
Superlatives:
Comparing 1 item over many. Most, best, fastest
Adjective for:
Noun
Adverb for:
Verbs, adjectives, other adverbs
Modifier:
Word or group of words that describe, clarify, or provide info about another part of sentence. It must be by what it modifies.
Remember to(2):
Plug in remaining answer choices
Commas:
Used to separate elements in a series/list: I had chicken, rice, and water.
Commas(1)
Use with a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS) to separate independent clauses in 1 sentence: I work on Mondays, and I have soccer practice on Tuesdays.
F A N B O Y S
FOR AND NOR BUT OR YET SO
Commas(2):
Use with nonessential/parenthetical(still makes a sentence without it) phrases and clauses, also called an appositive: Pisquet found, much to his delight, that naming his dog Skipper was a great choice.
Commas(3):
Use after introductory or modifying phrases with subordinate clauses(AAAWWUBBIS) or prepositions: After school, I take a shower. DC,IC
A A A W W U B B I S
After Although As When While Until Because Before If Since. If it starts with these and does not have an IC after, it is NOT a sentence.
Preposition
Shows direction or time: after ____, around____
Parenthesis
Parenthesis add parenthetical (nonessential) phrases and clauses
Dashes: One Dash
Signals abrupt change in thought, an afterthought, or offset/unrelated idea at the end of a sentence.
Dashes: Pair of (2) Dashes
Can sub in for parentheses, but theses emphasize certain words or phrases
Semicolons: Common
Join 2 independent clauses without coordinating conjuction(FANBOYS). IC; IC. I like ___; ____ is my favorite.
Semicolons: Uncommon
Separate complex list of items. I had a, b, and c; d, e, and f; g, h, and i.
Apostrophes:
Shows possession. K’s ___(whatever item belongs to her).
Colon:
Before list of information: ___, ____, and/or ___
Colon(1):
It is between an independent clause and self-thought: why?
Colon(2):
Precedes direct quotations: “Injustice”
Remember(1):
If the original is good as is, LEAVE IT! Don’t try to look at it until it seems wrong. ONLY CHANGE IF OBVIOUSLY WRONG BEFORE ANSWERS.
Remember(2):
Comma rules. Use them with commas or if the question tries to add commas. Don’t put extra commas where they are not needed.
Present Tense:
States facts and describes habitual actions(you do them often). Ex: I study for the ACT every week.
Past Tense:
Describes action or event that happened from the last millisecond to years back.
Ex: I studied for the ACT yesterday.
I was studying for the ACT this morning.`
ending in ed or an, or has helper was
Future Tense:
Describes action or event that will happen(soon).
Ex: I will study for the ACT tomorrow
Present Perfect Tense:
Describes an event that started in the past and continues into the present.
Ex: I have studied for the ACT for 2 months.
Past Perfect Tense:
Describes past action completed before another past action.
Ex: I have for the ACT every night until I took the test.
Future Perfect Tense:
Descrives future action completed before another future action.
Ex: I will have studied for three months by the time I take the test.
Remember(3):
Look for PPF verb change clues.
Subject-Verb Agreement: First Person
I am
Subject-Verb Agreement: Second Person
You are
Subject-Verb Agreement: Third Person
He, she, it, is
Subject-Verb Agreement: Plural
They are
Remember(4):
The pronoun has to match the noun.
Who/Whom:
Who=subject, Whom=object. I was interviewed by DJ. I am the subject; DJ is the object
Remember(5):
Colons introduce