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Theatre and Society 1 > English Restoration > Flashcards

English Restoration Flashcards

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1
Q

After a bitter civil war (1642-1649), Charles I was beheaded.

A

The Commonwealth was created to replace the monarchy under Oliver Cromwell, as Lord Protector

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2
Q

Who attempted to maintain his father’s rule, but unable to win the support of the military.

A

Oliver Cromwell

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3
Q

The period that followed the monarchy being restored became known.

A

Restoration

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4
Q

In the theatre The Restoration refers to the period from?

A

1660-1700

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5
Q

Elizabethan playhouses were dismantled and?

A

Actors were persecuted.

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6
Q

How were the laws forbidding theatre?

A

Were not completely effective, and some entertainments were secretly organized.

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7
Q

Who was William Davenport?

A

An important theatrical producer before the closings of the theatres, circumvented the ordinances by describing his presentations as musical entertainments and staging them, at first, in his home.

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8
Q

Opposition to the Puritans was increasing and?

A

Subterfuge was not as necessary.

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9
Q

What was significant to Davenport’s productions?

A

Had a proscenium arch stage and a wing and shutter setting, a departure from the platform stage of Shakespeare.

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10
Q

What happened because Charles II spent years in France?

A

His taste for French and Italian theatre practices were introduced into English theatre.

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11
Q

With the restoration came what?

A

It became legal for women to work as actresses.

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12
Q

What was the unique flavor of the Restoration and what was it a fusion of?

A

The fusion of Elizabethan stage conventions with those of Italian and French theatres in drama, theatre architecture, and set design.

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13
Q

When theatrical activity resumed?

A

There was a restriction on the number of theatres permitted to operate.

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14
Q

What were Thomas Killigrew and Davenant given?

A

Given the only two patents for acting troupes by Charles II, and became the leading forces in the development of Restoration theatre.

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15
Q

What did Killigrew become master of?

A

Became master of the revels (in charge of all theatre in England) in 1673.

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16
Q

What is Davenant’s first opera?

A

The Siege of Rhodes, featured first actress on stage.

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17
Q

What was heroic tragedy?

A

Which dealt with extraordinary characters who undertook extraordinary deeds.

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18
Q

What did heroic tragedy deal with?

A

Themes of love and honor and are reminiscent of the Spanish golden age and the French neoclassical eras.

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19
Q

Another type of serious drama?

A

Restoration tragedy which became popular during the last quarter of the 17th century.

20
Q

What did Restoration Tragedy adhered to?

A

The neoclassical rules.

21
Q

What was not unusual for Restoration playwrights?

A

To rework Shakespeare into the neoclassical mold, such as Romeo and Juliet ending happily.

22
Q

Who is the most noted author of Restoration tragedy?

A

John Dryden

23
Q

What was rarely produced?

A

Serious drama of the Restoration.

24
Q

What were the great plays of the English Restoration?

A

Comedies

25
Q

What comedies were popular?

A

Comedies of humor, farces, comedies of manners and comedies of intrigue

26
Q

What did Comedies of intrigue feature?

A

Daring exploits of romance and adventure and had complicated plots.

27
Q

Who was the first female playwright?

A

Aphra Behn

28
Q

What did Aphra Behn also do other then playwright?

A

She was also a poet and novelist, and is probably the 1st woman to earn a living by writing.

29
Q

What is she best known for?

A

Her plays of intrigue, some of them influenced by Spanish Theatre and by Italian commedia dell’arte.

30
Q

She also wrote?

A

Tragedies, other types of comedy, and plays concerned with moral problems.

31
Q

Several of her plays proved?

A

Proved successful and remained an active part of theatre repertoire until well into the 18th century.

32
Q

Behn wrote at the height of what time?

A

The Restoration, a time when licentiousness in drama was the rule rather than the exception.

33
Q

What was her first success?

A

The Rover (1677) brings together themes of rape and prostitution with comic buffoonery.

34
Q

How did she defend herself?

A

She wrote of how people will flock to plays written by men, yet would write similar scenes and say it unnatural coming from a female playwright.

35
Q

What is Comedy of Manners?

A

Which was influenced by Molière, focuses on the fashions and foibles of the upper class.

36
Q

What do these comedies do?

A

Poke fun at the social conventions and norms at the time and satirize the preoccupation of reputation amongst the upper class.

37
Q

Explain language of Comedy of manners?

A

Witty exchanges, repartee, sexually suggestive references – is at a premium.

38
Q

What is the structure of Restoration comedy?

A

Combines features of Elizabethan theatre with French and Italian neoclassical theatre.

39
Q

What are the character types?

A

Stock types; their names usually describe their distinctive personality types.

40
Q

The two most renowned playwrights of this type were?

A

William Wycherley and William Congreve.

41
Q

Satirized the elegant, dissolute society of Restoration England?

A

William Wycherley

42
Q

Was a member of that society, participating fully in all the vices and follies that he ridiculed as a dramatist?

A

William Wycherley

43
Q

Wrote only a few plays since playwriting was not a serious profession for him?

A

William Wycherley

44
Q

Unlike his contemporaries, he showed the faults of all members of his glittering society rather than just the usual ones.

A

William Wycherley

45
Q

A well-read man, he borrowed characters and situations from several sources, especially Molière and Terence.

A

William Wycherley

46
Q

He was a master of sexual humor such as using the double entendre

A

William Wycherley

Theatre and Society 1 (7 decks)

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