English Midterm

Question 1

Voice

Answer 1

the way a writer or speaker uses words and tone to express ideas as well as his or her personas; the way they use imagery, diction, tone, syntax and mood

Question 2

Diction

Answer 2

word choice intended to convey a certain effect; formal or informal

Question 3

Syntax

Answer 3

the arrangement of words and the order of grammatical elements in a sentence

Question 4

Simple Sentences

Answer 4

consists of one independent clause containing a subject and a predicate

Question 5

Compound Sentence

Answer 5

consists of two or more independent clauses that are connected by a comma and a coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)

Question 6

Complex Sentence

Answer 6

consists of an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses

Question 7

Compound-Complex Sentence

Answer 7

consists of at least two independent clauses, and at least one dependent clause

Question 8

Tone

Answer 8

a writer’s or speaker’s attitude toward a subject

Question 9

Simile

Answer 9

a comparison of two or more unlike things using the words “like” or “as”

Question 10

Hyperbole

Answer 10

exaggeration used to suggest a strong emotion or create a comic effect

Question 11

Bandwagon

Answer 11

advertisers make it seem as if everyone is buying this product so you should buy it too

Question 12

Avant Garde

Answer 12

makes the product seem so new and cool, you need to be the first to have it

Question 13

Testimonials

Answer 13

celebrities/ normal people endorse the product

Question 14

Facts and Figures

Answer 14

statistics, percentages, and numbers are used to convince that the product is better or more effective

Question 15

Transfer

Answer 15

associate good feelings in the ad to the product itself

Question 16

Ethos

Answer 16

(ethical appeal) an appeal that focuses on ethics, or the character qualifications of the speaker

Question 17

Pathos

Answer 17

(emotional appeal) an appeal to readers’ or listeners’ senses or emotions

Question 18

Logos

Answer 18

(logical appeal) an appeal that uses logic to appeal to the sense of reason

Question 19

Style

Answer 19

the distinctive way a writer uses language, characterized by elements of diction, syntax, imagery, etc.

Question 20

Short Story

Answer 20

short enough to be read in one sitting and should contain a single line of action with a limited number of characters, building to a climatic moment, then quickly reaching its resolution

Question 21

Exposition

Answer 21

events that give the reader background information needed to understand the story. During exposition, characters are introduced, the setting is described, and the conflict begins to unfold

Question 22

Rising Action/ Complications

Answer 22

the events in a plot that develop the conflict; the complications move the plot forward in its rising action

Question 23

Conflict

Answer 23

a struggle or problem in a story

Question 24

Internal Conflict

Answer 24

occurs when a character struggles between opposing needs, desires, or emotions within his or her mind

Question 25

External Conflict

Answer 25

occurs when a character struggles against an outside force (i.e. another character, a societal expectation, or something physical)

Question 26

Climax

Answer 26

the point at which the action reaches its peak; the point of greatest interest or suspense in a story; the turning point at which the outcome of the conflict is decided

Question 27

Falling Action

Answer 27

the events in a play, story, or novel that follows the climax and leads to the resolution

Question 28

Resolution/ Denouement

Answer 28

the end of a play, story, or novel in which the main conflict is finally resolved

Question 29

Setting

Answer 29

the time and place in which a story happens

Question 30

Characters

Answer 30

people, animals, or imaginary creatures that take part in the action of a story

Question 31

Theme

Answer 31

a writer’s central idea or main message about life

Question 32

Foreshadowing

Answer 32

the use of hints or clues in a narrative to suggest future action

Question 33

Motif

Answer 33

a recurrent image, symbol, theme, character type, subject, or narrative detail that becomes a unifying element in an artistic work

Question 34

Symbol

Answer 34

anything (object, animal, event, person, or place) that represents itself but also stands for something else on a figurative level

Question 35

Irony

Answer 35

a literary device that exploits readers’ expectations; irony occurs when what is expected turn outs to be quite different from what actually happens

Question 36

Dramatic Irony

Answer 36

no definition yet

Question 37

Verbal Irony

Answer 37

occurs when a speaker or narrator says one thing while meaning the opposite

Question 38

Mood

Answer 38

the atmosphere or general feeling of a literary work

Question 39

Figurative Language

Answer 39

imaginative language not meant to be taken literally; figurative language uses figures of speech