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English Midterm Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

What are the types of writing

A

Genres

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2
Q

Types of Genres

A

Poetry, fiction, non-fiction, drama, essay

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3
Q

Epic conventions

A

In medias res
Invocation to the gods
Irony (situational, dramatic, verbal)
Recognition (literal, self, others)
Epic simile
Poetic conventions: metaphors, imagery, personification, etc.
Epithets
Aphorisms
Foreshadowing
Flashback
Repeated phrases and clauses
Dactylic hexameter

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4
Q

Age of the epic:

A

9th - 8th century BC

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5
Q

Age of lyric poetry

A

7th-6th century BC

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6
Q

Age of classical Greek drama:

A

5th century BC

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7
Q

Virtues:

A

Faith
Hope
Charity
Justice
Prudence
Chastity
Love

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8
Q

Vices:

A

Pride
Gluttony
Greed
Lust
Sloth
Wrath
Envy

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9
Q

Assonance:

A

Repeated vowels

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10
Q

Consonance:

A

Repeated consonants

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11
Q

Epic

A

A long narrative about the adventures of a central hero whose experiences represent the social, moral, and political values of a culture

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12
Q

Culture:

A

A group of people who share religious beliefs, government, language, history, etc

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13
Q

Epithet:

A

A brief descriptive phrase that captures the essence of a person, place, thing

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14
Q

Motif:

A

A repeated pattern

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15
Q

Pride/Hubris

A

Excessive self-confidence

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16
Q

Greed

A

To take more than one needs in material goods

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17
Q

Gluttony

A

To take more than one needs in food/drink

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18
Q

Wrath

A

Excessive anger

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19
Q

Lust

A

Seek to satisfy physical pleasure at the expense of another’s well-being

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20
Q

Sloth

A

Excessive laziness

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21
Q

Envy

A

a feeling of discontented or resentful longing aroused by someone else’s possessions, qualities, or luck.

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22
Q

Warrior Aristocracy

A

Immortal Gods → Heroic Men → Men

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23
Q

Types of Power:

A

Physical, Spiritual, Emotional, Social, Material, Verbal/Intellectual

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24
Q

Faith

A

Believe in the unseen without rational proof

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25
Q

Hope

A

Expecting the best in unlikely circumstances

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26
Q

Charity

A

To give w/o the expectation of return

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27
Q

Chastity

A

Purity of heart

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28
Q

Prudence

A

To make wise choices

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29
Q

Justice

A

Fairness

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30
Q

Love

A

Deep feelings of empathy

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31
Q

Definition of Poetry:

A

Patterned speech

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32
Q

Verse:

A

A line of poetry or a stanza of poetry

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33
Q

Poetic Devices:

A

Alliteration
Imagery
Personification
Simile
Metaphor
Irony
Assonance
Consonance
Onomatopoeia
Symbol
Puns
Refrain

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34
Q

Refrain

A

a repeated word, line, or group of lines that appears at the end of a stanza

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35
Q

Puns

A

Play on words

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36
Q

Onomatopoeia

A

the formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named (e.g. cuckoo, sizzle )

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37
Q

When did closed form start to increase in popularity with American poets?

A

The 1960’

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38
Q

In the sonnet the turn of thought usually occurs on the ___ line

A

9th

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39
Q

What is a heroic couplet?

A

Two rhymed lines of iambic pentameter with the first ending in a lighter pause, and the second more heavily end stopped

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40
Q

What are the four elements of poetry?

A

Speaker, Audience, Dramatic setting, and theme.

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41
Q

Most common stanza form in English Poetry

A

quatrain

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42
Q

Speaker

A
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43
Q
A
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44
Q

Irony

A
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45
Q

Types of Irony

A
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46
Q

Personification

A

he attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form.

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47
Q

Prose vs. Poetry:

A

Poetry works through what is left out or suggested (ellipsis); poetry is in stanzas, while prose is written in paragraphs; imagery and sound have more importance in poetry than prose; diction is very important in poetry since it is concise

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48
Q

Open Form:

A

Lines of poetry have no rhyme or meter, and the pattern emerges from within the line of poetry

49
Q

Closed Form:

A

Pattern is imposed from outside of the poem

50
Q

Free Verse:

A

The line of poetry ends where the thought ends

51
Q

Blank Verse:

A

Contains five iambic feet per line and is not rhymed

52
Q

Meter:

A

A regular rhythmic pattern in poetry

53
Q

Stanza:

A

“Stopping Place or room” - 2 line stanza=couplet, 3 line stanza=tercet, 4 line stanza=quatrain, 5 line stanza= quintet, 6 line stanza=sestet, 7 line stanza=septet, 8 line stanza=octet/octave

54
Q

Sonnet:

A

“Little song” - Usually subject is love - Contain 14 lines + specific rhyme pattern and meter - Usually “lyrical”

55
Q

Three types of sonnets

A

-English Sonnet or Shakespearean Sonnet

-Petrarchan Sonnet or Italian Sonnet

-Spenserian Sonnet

56
Q

English or Shakespearian Sonnet

A

Three quatrains and a rhyming couplet (2 lines) - Rhythm=iambic pentameter - Rhyme Scheme: abab cdcd efef gg - 1st stanza=sets up problem, 2nd stanza=develops problem, 3rd stanza=resolves the problem in 1st stanza, 4th stanza/couplet=theme of poem

57
Q

Petrarchan or Italian Sonnet

A

Octave (8 line stanza) and sestet (six line stanza) - Rhythm=iambic pentameter - Rhyme scheme: abba abba (octave) cde cde (sestet) - 1st stanza=presents problem, 2nd stanza=presents resolution to problem

58
Q

Spenserian Sonnet:

A

Three quatrains and a rhyming couplet (2 lines) - Rhythm=iambic pentameter - Rhyme Scheme: (Interlocking) abab bcbc cdcd ee - 1st stanza=sets up problem, 2nd stanza=develops problem, 3rd stanza=resolves the problem in 1st stanza, 4th stanza/couplet=theme of poem

59
Q

Fathers of the English Sonnet

A

-Henry Howard (Earl of Surrey)
-Sir Thomas Wyatt

60
Q

Social Protest Poetry:

A

Reflects on current problems

61
Q

Lyric Poetry

A

Short poem expressing the thoughts and feelings of a single speaker; songlike immediacy and emotional force

62
Q

Villanelle Poetry:

A

Fixed form developed by French courtly poets of the Middle Ages in imitation of Italian folk song. A villanelle consists of six rhymed stanzas in which two lines are repeated in a prescribed pattern

63
Q

Ode Poetry:

A

Type of Lyric Poem that praises a specific thing, place, person, etc. (type of lyrical poetry)

64
Q

Ballad Poetry:

A

A song that tells a story

65
Q

Projective Verse:

A

Poet composes rhythm by listening to their own death

66
Q

Visual Poetry:

A

a style of poetry that incorporates graphic and visual design elements to convey its meaning

67
Q

Concrete Poetry:

A

Visual poetry composed exclusively for the page in which a picture or image is made of printed letters and words

68
Q

Prose Poetry:

A

Poetic language printed in prose paragraphs, but displaying the careful attention to sound, imagery, and figurative language characteristics of poetry

69
Q

Narrative:

A

Tells a story

70
Q

Didactic:

A

Teaches a lesson

71
Q

Lyric poem:

A

A single speaker expressing deep emotions

72
Q

Dramatic poem

A

Monologue

73
Q

All art is _____ and _________

A

selection, arrangement

74
Q

Fathers of New Comedy:

A

Plautus and Terence, two Roman playwrights

75
Q

Definition of New Comedy:

A

1.Boy meets girl
2.Boy falls in love with girl
3.Obstacle to their love
4.Obstacle is removed by the end
5.Boy and girl marry,
6.Create a new society with new values based on love

76
Q

Old Greek Comedy/Attic Comedy vs. New Comedy

A

Old Greek is political(and dirty) while new comedy = social

77
Q

Plot:

A

Action, or what happens

78
Q

Theme:

A

Meaning, or what does the action mean → Complete statement
Comedy is about the continuation of life (through marriage) and a change in the social values of a society so that all members may live together harmoniously

79
Q

Gustav Freytag’s pyramid into the classical, five act division:

A

Act 1: Intro, Background, Problem;
Act 2: Complications;
Act 3: Climax/Reversal/Turning Point;
Act 4: Falling action;
Act 5: Resolution

80
Q

Who created the plot pyramid

A

Gustav Freytag

81
Q

Four Levels of Society:

A

Aristocrats, land owners/lovers, mechanicals, the fairies

82
Q

Bottom:

A

Weaver - Pyramus

83
Q

Quince:

A

Carpenter - Thisbe’s father

84
Q

Starveling:

A

Tailor - Thisbe’s mother

85
Q

Snug:

A

Joiner - The lion

86
Q

Snout:

A

Tinker - Pyramus’ father

87
Q

Flute:

A

Bellows-mender - Thisbe

88
Q

What is a bellows mender?

A

One who mends bellows. The leather air pump that would blow into furnaces.

89
Q

What is a tinker?

A

Repairing metal or tools

90
Q

What is a joiner?

A

Tradesperson who builds things by joining wood.

91
Q

Major Themes of MSND:

A

Appearance is not reality, infatuation love is like a dream, love is dominant

92
Q

Dream:

A

-A series of thoughts, images, and sensations occurring in a person’s mind during sleep
-A cherished aspiration, ambition, or ideal

93
Q

Dreams in MSND:

A

-1st Hermia - Heart gets eaten by snake as Lysander watches, feels real (dreams are reality) wakes up with the sense that Lysander left her
-2nd Bottom’s - wakes up and everything is fixed (no longer a donkey head) thinks he dreamt about being Titania’s lover and had the head of a donkey - dream are confusing hard to distinguish

94
Q

Qualities of Dreams:

A

Feels real
Intense emotions
Difficult to distinguish dream from reality
Aren’t always good or bad
Deja vu
Reflects our thoughts
Not chronological
You can do things you can’t normally do
No control
Not logical

95
Q

How are dreams, imagination, love, the writer’s craft (the poet) related to one another in the play?
Acting:

A

-The art or occupation of performing in plays, movies, or television productions
-Temporarily doing the duties of another person

96
Q

How is the play the Mechanicals perform symbolic of the whole play?

A

The play the Mechanicals perform, “Pyramus and Thisbe,” mirrors the main play’s themes of love, misunderstandings, and comedic chaos. Its exaggerated melodrama and absurdity parallel the misunderstandings and comedic elements in the main play, emphasizing the farcical nature of human relationships and the transformative power of love.

97
Q

How do the three definitions of “changeling” become symbolic of everything that occurs in the play?

A

-An idiot baby fairy left in the human world
-Turncoat
-Renegade

98
Q

What do the poet, the lover, and the lunatic have in common, according to Theseus, and explain this idea fully using examples from the play.

A

They all have compact imagination - sees things no one else sees - organized thoughts from imagination
Lover: sees beauty in things that shouldn’t have
Lunatic: sees bad things that aren’t there, crazy mind
Poet: makes sense of things that aren’t real, finds reality in unknown

99
Q

Apology

A

A defense of something

100
Q

“Things base and vile…so oft beguiled.”

A

Helena

101
Q

“The course of true love never did run smooth.”

A

Lysander to Hermia

102
Q

“The lunatic, the lover…and a name.”

A

Theseus to Hippolyta

103
Q

“If we shadows…no more yielding but a dream.”

A

Puck to audience

104
Q

“O spite!…thus much injury.”

A

Helena to Lysander and Demetrius

105
Q

“Lord what fools these mortals.”

A

Puck to Oberon

106
Q

“If we offend, it is with our good will.”

A

Quince in the epilogue of Pyramus and Thisbe

107
Q

“If we imagine no worse of them than they of themselves, they may pass for excellent men.”

A

Theseus to Hippolyta

108
Q

“It is the wittiest partition that ever I heard discourse.”

A

Demetrius to Theseus

109
Q

“I see a voice!… I can hear my Thisbe’s face.”

A

Pyramus(Bottom) to Thisbe(Flute)

110
Q

“Nobody—that’s my name…call me, all my friends.”

A

Odysseus to Polyphemus

111
Q

“Come closer…so you can hear our song…fertile earth, we know it all.”

A

Sirens to Odysseus and his Phaecian crew

112
Q

“Let both sides seal their pacts…devoted as in the old days.”

A

Zeus to Athena

113
Q

“No other Odysseus will ever return…home to native ground at last.”

A

Odysseus to Telemachus

114
Q

“So stubborn!…Hell-bent yet again on battle…row for your lives.”

A

Circe to Odysseus

115
Q

“Who on his own has ever really known who gave him life?”

A

Telemachus to Mentor(Athena in disguise)

116
Q

“Sing to me of the man, Muse…the hallowed heights of Troy.”

A

Homer to the Muse

117
Q

“But once your crew has rowed you past the sirens…you must decide for yourself.”

A

Circe to Odysseus

118
Q
A

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