English language: varieties

Question 1

What theory did Henri Tajfel’s come up with?

Answer 1

social identity theory

Question 2

Who came up with the social identity theory?

Answer 2

Henri Tajfel’s

Question 3

Tafel proposed that when we put people into groups and categories we tend to exaggerate:

Answer 3

1. the similarities between things in the same group
2. the differences between groups

Question 4

what will group members of an in-group do?

Answer 4

find negative aspects of an out-group to enhance their self-image

Question 5

Example of posh language

Answer 5

1. ‘I beg your pardon’
   ( Received Pronunciation )

Question 6

Example of ‘chavvy’ language

Answer 6

‘you what’
( regional accent)

Question 7

what is the definition of prestige?

Answer 7

type of language that carries positive connotations

Question 8

What is the definition of stigmatised?

Answer 8

carries negative connotations
we also judge people who use it badly

Question 9

What determines your class?

Answer 9

1. Household income
2. Whether you own a property or rent it
3. Whether you have savings
4. People you socialise with/ know socially
5. Cultural activities ( horse riding-upper class)

Question 10

What are the 3 prestige accents?

Answer 10

1. accent
2. received pronunciation
3. regional accents

Question 11

what is the definition of ‘accent’?

Answer 11

the sounds that people make

Question 12

what is the received pronunciation?

Answer 12

English has on non-regional accent (region-less) associated with the highest social class rather than a region
the highest class in society with the accent whether they live in london, newcastle, birmingham

Question 13

what is regional accents?

Answer 13

almost all other accents are classed as ‘regional’ and are associated with liverpool and geordie languages(newcastle)

Question 14

What are the 3 prestige dialects?

Answer 14

1. dialect
2. standard English
3. regional dialects

Question 15

what is dialect?

Answer 15

are the words and grammar that people use

Question 16

what is standard English?

Answer 16

English has one non-regional dialect, and it is called standard english
it is prestige and most reasonable educated British English speakers use it

Question 17

Examples of where you would see standard english

Answer 17

text books, news reporting and in education

Question 18

what is regional dialect?

Answer 18

almost all other dialects ‘regional’
they are associated with a specific area in a country

Question 19

what is overt prestige?

Answer 19

(obvious)
associated with rich, powerful, educated and successful people
brings a positive social image

Question 20

what social image does an overt prestige person bring?

Answer 20

positive social image

Question 21

what is covert prestige?

Answer 21

(non-obvious)
use non-prestige forms in order to appear tough or display pride or even loyalty to ones class/home

Question 22

what is covert stigma?

Answer 22

less masculine

Question 23

What is overt stigma?

Answer 23

Poverty, simplicity, uneducated, subservient, unreliability

Question 24

What are the 2 middle class varieties?

Answer 24

1. Overt prestige
2. Covert stigma

Question 25

What are the 2 working class varieties?

Answer 25

1. Overt stigma
2. Covert prestige