English HL 11 vocaburary Flashcards
1
Q
Setting
A
The time or location that a story takes place. It can include details like the time period, the geopraphical location, the weather, and the overall atmostphere.
2
Q
Regionalism
A
Forcusing on a specific region or place showing unique things about that region, like their language, customs or traditions
3
Q
Regionalism Example
A
The oracle has spoken and we must abide by the decision for it is the voice of our ancestors guiding us
4
Q
Genre
A
Different categories of literary work (books, movies, music) based on their content, form or style.
5
Q
Genre Example
A
Fiction, non fiction, drama, poetru, fantasy
6
Q
Sub-Genre
A
A category that is a subdivision of a genre based on specific characteristics, or style
7
Q
Sub-Genre Example
A
Supernatural Horror, romantic comedy, epic fantasy.
8
Q
Plot
A
This is the storyline or sequence of events that makes up a story
9
Q
Five types of plot?
A
Exposition/Introduction
Rising Action
Climax
Falling Action
Resolution
10
Q
Exposition/Introduction
A
Beginning of the story. Characters, background, and setting is revealed
11
Q
Rising Actions
A
These are events between introduction and climax. The story becomes complicated as conflicts and tension increases.
12
Q
Climax
A
The turning point where the main conflict reaches its peak.
13
Q
Falling Action
A
Events and complications start to fall into place.
14
Q
Resolution
A
Final outcome of the events in the story
15
Q
Subplot
A
A side story that runs alongside the main plot and involves additional characters
16
Q
Subplot Example
A
While the detective is solving the murder case a secondary storyline explores the detective’s personal life and he’s struggles.
17
Q
Atmosphere/Tone
A
The atmostphere or tone in literature refers to the overall feeling or emtions evoked by the text. It can vary greatly depending on the author’s writing style, the setting and the events that unfold in the story.
18
Q
Atmosphere/Tone Example
A
It was a dark and stormy night, suspensefully/gloomy
19
Q
Mood
A
General feeling/emotion that a piece of writing creates within the reader
20
Q
Mood Example
A
Her face glowed as she showed her new shiny engagement ring.
21
Q
Imagery
A
Use of descriptive language that appeals to the reader’s sense or imagination.
22
Q
Theme
A
The main idea or underslying meaning a writer explores in a novel, short story or any other literary work.
23
Q
Moral
A
A message that is conveyed or a lesson to be learnt from a story or an event
24
Q
Moral Example
A
The fox and grapes - the grapes of dissapointment are always sour
25
Parable
A parable in literature is a short allegorical story that illustrates a moral message or a universal truth
26
Parbale Example
The prodigal son (from the bible) - Conveys forgiveness and redemption
27
Thesis
Refers to the main idea or central point that a writer explores and supports in a work.
28
Thesis Example
The overarching premise of Mrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf is disillusionment with society
29
Purpose
Author reason or intention behind writing a particular piece
30
Purpose Example
Bibel has the purpose of critiquing british imperialism and the complicity of academia
31
Exposition/Initial Situation
The part of the story where an author introduces essential background information
32
Trigger Incident
An event or situation that sets of the story where an author introduces essential background information
33
Rising Action/Flash Forward
Narrative builds tension adn develops the plot while a flash forward provides a glimpse into future events, creating anticipation
34
Climax
The climax is the point in the narrative where the tension or excitement reaches the highest point. This is often the part of the story when the conflict of the plot is faced and resolved.
35
Anti-Climax
An anti-climax is the opposite of the climax, therefore it is an event that doesn't strike excitement and is unsatisfying to the audience.
36
Conclusion/Resolution/Denouement
the conclusion is the last part of the narrative which contains its results.
37
Protagonist
A protagonist is the main character in a narrative who the central part of the story focuses on
38
Antagonist
An antagonist is a character or force in a story that opposes (works against) the goals of the main character.
39
Audience
who the author writes their piece for
40
Voice
The opinion or attitude that the author expressed in their writing, connects the reader to the material. An element or narrative perspective, a piece of authors personality in piece.
41
Stream of consciousness
Narrative style that tires to capture a character's thought process in a realistic way
42
Point of view
The person from whom the events of the story are told.
43
Different types of point of view
First perspective (I), third point of view (she/he/they), 2nd point of view (you)
44
Surprise ending
A plot twist in a story just before it ends which could change the readers' view on the story
45
Internal conflict
When a character is fighting with their emotions or their mental state
46
External conflict
When a character has conflict against other character or characters
47
Flashback
A scene that is inserted in story that is about a character's past or a narrative back in time
48
Tall tale
Stories about characters that are extraordinary compared to real people; Stories that are exaggerated greatly
49
Author's style
The way a writer writes using tone, figurative language and word choices that make a voice for the writer
50
Third person limited
perspective focused mainly on one character; reader knows that character's thoughts/feelings
51
Third person omniscient
reader knows thoughts/feelings of all characters (all-knowing)
52
Third person objective
reader doesn't know thoughts/feelings of any character
53
Suspense
when the author uses suspense, they are trying to make the reader excited or feel the anticipation about the plot
54
Narrator
A person who tells the story in their point of view
55
Comedy
A type of genre or the use of humor in stories
56
Satire comedy
It uses humor to depict the flaws of a character or to portray a foolish character
57
Farce comedy
A silly, over-the-top comedy that makes the audience laugh but doesn't make any sense
58
High comedy
Pokes fun at the upper class in clever ways
59
Low comedy
Does not have much of a purpose other than to make the audience laugh
60
Comic relief
Comic relief is a literary device that uses humor to break the tension in an intense scene.
61
Humor
Humor is a tool that authors use to make audiences laugh or indue amusement
62
Tragedy
Sub genre of drama based on human suffering and the terrible events that happen to a main character
63
Tragic Flaw
A personality trait that leads to or contributes to the character's downfall.
64
Hubris
A character trait that features excessive pride or inflated self confidence
65
Fiction
Literature is created from the imagination, not presented as fact
66
Non-fiction
writing that is about real events and facts
67
Modern short story
Covers wide range of themes and styles, experimenting with different forms and storytelling techniques. Uses nonlinear narratives, with more ambiguous characters and the endings tend to be opened.
68
Traditional short story
Have a clear and linear narrative structure. Well defined characters are used with distinct personalities. It covers classic themes, with moral or ethical lessons and the endings are definitive and clear
69
Flash forward
When a story briefly shows something that will happen in the future. Giving a sneak peek into what's coming, creating suspense
70
Antecedent action
the events or actions that come before the main events of the story. The past events that set the stage for the current narrative. Gives context and explains why things are they way they are
71
Hero
Main character who faces problems but overcomes them. Plays a crucial role in solving the challenges in the story. Hero's qualities drive the plot and contributes to the message of the story
72
Anti-hero
A character with characteristics that oppose the traditional hero's character. They usually act for their own motives and lack the qualities of bravery, compassion, idealism and often morality.
73
Epiphany
A character's sudden realization. These are used as a way to completely change the course of the story or to cause dramatic character development
74
Foil
Foil character is used to contrast the protagonist's personality and highlight different elements of the main character. Foil is the opposite of the protagonist.
75
Form and structure
The format of text used by an author, while the structure is the way that the plot is ordered within the text.
76
Form and structure example
Form: Novel, script, short story etc.
Structure: Beginning, middle and end
77
Prose
Anything that follows basic grammatical rules, as paragraph and sentence structure.
78
Script
The written form of visual content such as a play or a movie
79
Blank verse
Used mainly in poetry without use of rhyming but will following a beat/rhythm
80
Iambic Pentameter
A rhythmic pattern within a line, mainly in poetry, which is composed of five "feet" which is a pattern of a combination of ten short and long syllables
81
Lamb
Considered as a "foot" in poetry, which is composed of a short (unstressed) syllable and a long (stressed) syllable
82
Lamb Example
Behold (Be is unstressed and hold is stressed)
83
Free verse
A poem which consists of no rhyme or beat/rhythm
84
Refrain
A single word, line or phrase that is regularly repeated in a poem
85
Rhyme
Two words with similar sounding final syllables place so that they echo one another
86
Couplets
A pair of consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme and create a complete thought or idea
87
Sonnet - Shakespearean
A poem that consists of 14 lines divided into three parts called quatrains, each with four lines and then it finishes with two lines called a couplet
88
Pattern of Shakespearean sonnet
ABAB - CDCD - EFEF - GG
89
Stage directions
Instructions written into the script of a play, indication stage actions and movements of the performers
90
Vicarious experience
When you experience something indirectly from another person. This can be done by observation of another person's actions, feelings or experience
91
Juxtaposition
Placing two or more things side by side to compare or contrast creating an effect that highlights their qualities
92
Juxtaposition example
The lively and crowded daytime market slowly turned into a quiet and deserted place at night
93
Paradox
A statement or situation that is made of contradictory elements and could express a truth or deeper meaning.
94
Paradox example
The more you know, the more you realize you don't know
95
In medias res
A Latin phrase that means "in the middle of things" when translated to English. It's a technique that starts the story in the middle of the plot instead of beginning chronologically.
96
Round characters
Round characters play important roles in a story, have extensive backgrounds, and see lots of character growth.
97
Flat characters
Flat character are unimportant and see little to no growth
98
Realistic characters
Characters who have specific personality traits and act similarly to a normal human.
99
Stereotyped characters
Type of character that we can imagine in our heads because they are grouped together
100
Static Chracter
Character who experiences no change throughout a story
101
Dynamic or developing character
one who experiences lots of change throughout a story.
102
Irony
A situation created in which the resulting event is the opposite of what was anticipated
103
Verbal irony
A difference between something said and what was meant to be conveyed
104
Dramatic irony
When important information is withheld from a character which is key to the story
105
Anachronism
Refers to something that is placed in a time period where it doesn't belong
106
Cliche
A word that is sued excessively and now becomes predictable or unoriginal
107
Universality
An absolutely or universally true idea
108
Allusion
A figure of speech that is used to make an indirect reference to something, someone or someplace.
109
Illusion
Something that pretends to be something that is not. A facade
110
Figurative language
A type of communication that does not have a realistic meaning. The writers use this to give the reader new insight into the objects or subjects in the work
111
Literal language
Uses words exactly according to their formal meanings. Used to mean exactly what is written
112
Figures of speech
Creative use of language to cause an effect
113
Hyperbole (figures of speech)
Used to make an exaggerated statement or a figure of speech not intended to be taken literally
114
Metaphor (figures of speech)
A figure of speech in which it describes an object or action in a way that isn't true, but helps explain an idea
115
Simile (figures of speech)
It is used to make comparison between two things, to make it more emphatic
116
Simile example
as brave as a lion
117
Personification
When an object which is not alive is given human qualities like behaviors and emotions
118
Extended Metaphor
It is a detailed comparison that extends through multiple lines, paragraphs, pages or entire work. It allows writers to draw a larger comparison between two things or ideas
119
Pun
Playing with words, uses a word to give a different scene to the sentence and adds a double meaning
120
Euphemism
Used to replace harsh or unpleasant words
121
Metonymy
Word is replace by something very similar to the original meaning
122
Metonymy example
Business men to men in suites
123
oxymoron
Combination of two contradictory or opposite words which does not make sense when combined together
124
Symbolism/symbol
the idea that a certain thing represents something else
125
Pathos
A way of writing in which the author sues specific words or meaningful language to convey specific emotions from the audience
126
Melodrama
A dramatic work mostly consisting of many sad or exciting events, through the character's exaggerated emotions
127
Soliloquy
Most commonly found in plays, and is an act of speaking one's thoughts aloud to the audience
128
Bawdy humor
A type of humor which mainly uses sexual or vulgar jokes, comments or stories
129
Idiom
A phrase or expression that is used for its figurative meaning rather than its literal meaning
130
Dialogue
Conversation between two or more people in a book, play, or a movie
131
Monologue
A long speech by one actor in a play or movie, or as a part of a theatrical or broadcast program
132
Dramatic monologue
When a character speaks alone to themselves or a silent listener expressing their thoughts, feelings or experiences
133
Diction
The choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing
134
Diction example
Casual diction: "I gotta go grab some food, wanna come?"
Formal diction: "I need to get something to eat, would you like to join me?"
135
Sound devices
Techniques through which the poet reinforces meaning through sound
136
Rhyme
When words have similar ending sounds
Ex) Cat, hat, bat, mat and sat
137
Rhyme scheme
The pattern of rhyming words at the end of lines in a poem. They are usually indicated with letters to show repetition of sounds such as AABB or ABAB
138
Meter
The rhythmic arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables within a line of a poem
139
Alliteration
When words in arow start with the same sound
Ex) She sells seashells by the seashore
140
Onomatopoeia
When a word sounds like the noises it represents
141
Repetition
The reuse or repetition of a word or phrase for the purpose of emphasizing an idea
Ex) Home, sweet home
142
Foreshadowing
A plot element that hints at something to come later in the story or passage
143
Connotation
A word or phrase that has a secondary meaning or idea beneath its intended meaning
144
Denotation
A literal meaning of a word or phrase, considered to be the opposite of connotation
145
Conventions of language
A list of rules and expectations relating to how to properly write and approach the English language and literature
146
Conventions of lanauge examples
Use of punctuation, capitalization, and indentation
147
Concrete
Refers to tangible things and ideas that are able to be physically touched
148
Abstract
Refers to things and ideas that cannot be touched or physically interacted with
149
Tangible
Refers to things that are able to be touched or seen
150
Intangible
Refers to things that cannot be seen or touched
151
Chorus
Something or someone that guides you through a play or performance
152
Pathetic fallacy
Similar to personification, this is the attribution of human characteristics to inanimate objects
153
Allegory
A story, poem, picture or phrase that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, usually a moral or political one
154
Act
A large portion of a play. Contains main action and it also reveals the conflict, climax, resolutions and complications
155
Scene
Multiple scenes make an act. Scenes change when the setting or characters change.
156
Line
the words that the actors speak during a play or performance
157
Poetic Justice
experiencing a fitting or deserved retribution for someone's actions. It can also be a reward.
158
Poetic license
The ability to talk, write or draw in a way that does not use facts or the conventional rules of language
159
Utopia
An imaginary place where everything is perfect or a paradise
160
Dystopia
An imagined place where there is great suffering or injustice
161
Antithesis
Someone or something that is the exact opposite of another thing or person
162
Pantomime
A performance in which performers express meaning with gestures accompanied with music
163
Areas of exploration: reader, writers, and texts
how readers, writers and texts interact
164
Areas of exploration: time and space
How texts interact with time and space (historical content)
165
Areas of exploration: Intertextuality
How texts connect to each other or compare to another
