english final exam Flashcards
who is the author of tkam?
-harper lee
-grew up in monroeville, alabama
-her dad was a lawyer
-tkam is semi-autobiographical/ loosley based on her childhood
setting of tkam
-in maycomb, alabama
-during the great depression
-1930’s
arthur “boo” radley
-lives next door to the finches
-locked up in his house
-rumors fly about him
-fell in with the wrong crowd when he was younger
-watches jem and scout
-kills bob ewell in defense of scout and jem
-“mockingbird” character
atticus finch
-wise
-scout and jem’s father
-a lawyer
-well respected
-defends tom robinson
-honest
aunt alexandra
-atticus’ sister
-comes to live with them
-wants jem to be more gentlemanly
-wants scout to be a proper lady
bob ewell
-alcoholic
-has lots of children
-considered the lowest of the white people in town
-lives near a dump
-abusive
-tries to attack jem and scout
-killed by boo radley
-testifies at tom’s trial
calpurnia
-cook/maid/nanny for the finches
-motherfigure to scout and jem
dill harris
-stays in maycomb every summer with his aunt
-scout and jem’s best friend
-scout’s “fiance”
-daredevil
-liar/storyteller
jem finch
-story is all about how he broke his arm
-scout’s brother
-wants to impress atticus/ is taking after him
mayella ewell
-accuses tom robinson of raping her
-has a questionable testimony at the trial
-oldest of the ewell children
-abused by bob ewell
miss maudie
-scout and jem’s neighbor
-mother/grandmother figure to scout and jem
-goes along with their antics
-actually likes scout
-bakes them cakes
scout finch
-main character
-tomboy
-growing up in the story
-loosely based off of harper lee
tom robinson
-gets accused of mayella ewell
-very kind person
-had a crippled arm
-found guilty
-tries to escape prison
-is shot an excessive amount of times
-“mockingbird” character
walter cunningham I
-atticus helps him
-doesn’t take things he can’t pay for
-shows up to the jail to threaten atticus
-scout unknowingly wards him off
walter cunningham II
-walter cunningham I’s son
-scout doesn’t like him at first
-scout befriends him eventually
-scout and jem invite him over for lunch
-never has a lunch or money
mockingbirds
-a symbol in the story
-someone innocent
-or someone who doesn’t deserve their punishment
-a sin to kill one
-“mockingbirds don’t do one thing but make music for us to enjoy.”
atticus’ advice to scout on empathy
-“you never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view . . . until you climb into his skin and walk around in it.”
atticus’ reason for accepting tom’s case
- “the main one is, if I didn’t, I couldn’t hold up my head in town, I couldn’t represent this county in the legislature, I couldn’t even tell you or Jem not to do something again,”
what are some types of prejudice in tkam?
-social
-gender
-racial
-economic
“dont you remember me, mr. cunningham?… you broguht us some hickory nuts one early morning, remember?”
scout finch
“he got me round the neck, cussin’ me an’ sayin’ dirt- i fought ‘n’ hollered, but he had me round the neck.”
mayella ewell
“his food doesn’t stik going down, does it?”
miss maudie
‘i destoryed his last shred of credibility at that trial, if he had any to being with, the man had to have some kind of comeback, his kind always does.”
atticus finch
“i was glad to do it, mr. ewell didn’t seem to help her non, and neither did the chillun, and i knowed she didn’t have no nickels to spare.”
tom robinson
“ill tell you why… because walter is trash, that’s why you can’t play with him. i’ll not have you around him, picking up his habits and learnign lord-knows-what. you’re enough of a problem to your father as it is.”
aunt alexandra
“people generally see what they look for, and hear what they listen for, and they have the right ot subject their children to it, but i can assure you of one thing: you will recieve what you see and hear in silence or you will leave this courtroom, but you won’t leave it until the whole boiling of you come before me on contempt charges.”
judge taylor
“reason i can’t pass the first grade, mr. finch, is i’ve had to stay out ever’ spring an’ help papa with the choppin’, but there’s another’n at the house now that’s field size.”
walter cunningham jr.
“this was all ‘round the back steps when i got here this morning. they- they aren’t overstepping’ themselves, are they?”
calpurnia
“will you take me home?” only.
boo radley
who is the author of just mercy?
-bryan stevenson
-a lawyer
-went to harvard
-started the equal justice iniative
-helped many people get off death row/ get reduced sentences
setting of just mercy
-alabama
-1989+ (1990’s)
equal justice iniative
-founded by bryan stevenson
-nonprofit in alabama
-goal is to end mass incarceration
-strives for racial and economic justice
mercy and justice in scripture
-both seen throughout scripture
-God does not give us justice (what we deserve) but instead gave us mercy by sending Jesus in our place
walter mcmillain case
-found guilty of the murder of ronda morrison
-was actually at a fish fry all day
-ralph myers and bill hooks were payed/ blackmailed to falsely testify
-eventually found innocent after ralph said that his testimony was false
-some (white) people didn’t want him released/ still thought he was guilty
walter mcmillian (person)
-owned his own lumber company
-had multiple affairs
-got a bad reputation after it was found out that he had an affair with karen kelly a white woman
-falsely accused and found guilty of the murder of ronda morrison and put on death row
what are the main groups in need of justice and mercy?
-the oppressed
-the minorities
-ex. people of color, women, children, disabled, poor
what are some faults of the prison system?
-focuses on punishment, not transformation
-guards abuse prisoners
-not understanding/ taking into account mental illness/ dissabilites
-children put in adult prison
-too long sentences
what are the four primary institutions that shape the conversation around race and justice today?
-slavery
-collapse of reconstruction
-jim crow
-mass incarceration
what are stone catchers?
-people who “catch stones” instead of throwing them
-peacemakers
bill hooks
-testifies against walter mcmillian
-says that he saw walter’s lowrider truck at the laundromat around the time of the murder
-walter didn’t have a lowrider until after the murder
karen kelly
-white woman who walter had an affair with
-got into drugs
-got involved with ralph myers
-says walter didn’t do it
minnie mcmillian
-walter’s wife
-isn’t happy about the affiar but still believes he’s innocent
ralph myers
-testifies against walter for a lighter sentence
-says that he forced him to drive to the laundromat so he could kill ronda
-eventually helps bryan and testifies that his orginal testimony was false and that he was forced into saying it
ronda morrison
-was murdered at the laundromat where she worked
-no one could figure out who did it
-they accused walter
tom tate
-the sherrif
-manipulated and withheld evidence and manipulated/blackmailed people into helping him prove that walter was guilty
-accused walter
-didn’t care that walter was innocent
vickie pittman
-also murdered around the same time as ronda morrison (by ralph myers)
-no one really looked into her case
what is the font, point size, and margins for the mla format?
-times new roman
-12 pt
-1 in margins
what is the header for mla format?
-your name
-teacher’s name
-class
-date
what is the structure of an intro in mla format?
-info (author, title, etc)
-summary/ background info abt the story
-thesis (in title by author this, this, and this)
what is the structure for a two-chunk paragraph in mla format?
-topic sentence
-point
-evidence
-explain
-point
-evidence
-explain
thesis
-introduces what your paper will be about
-each point will be 1 paragraph
internal citation
-when you cite in the sentence
-ex. in john doe’s artice, be yourself, he states…
works cited page
-alphabetical order
-all of your sources that you used go there
-has info like author, publisher, year, name, etc.
evidence in a paragraph
-can be a summary, paraphrase, or direct quote from a source
-you always have to cite
-you can cite internally or to parenthical documentation
-ex. (doe 47)
why do we try to limit be verbs?
-because it can make you have the wrong tense
-it can make you have a lack of vivid language
what is the correct format for quoting something?
-eventually, everything goes south when, “she turns away from her old ways” (doe 47).
noun
-a person, place, thing, or idea
-ex. dog, book, theater, kelly
verb
-an action or state of being
-ex. run, jump, was, are
adverb
-modifies a verb, adverb, or adjective
-he jumped how? he jumped quickly
-ex. quickly, annoyingly, slowly, happily
adjective
-describes a noun/ pronoun
-ex. pretty, happy, brave, silly
preposition
-describes the subject’s relationship to something
-the bunny and the basket
-ex. around, into, onto, through
conjunction
-joins two phrases
-ex. and, but, yet, for
article
-a type of adjective
-ex. the, a, an
interjection
-a word expressing emotion/ exclamation
-ex. wow, yay, darn, hooray
what is a simple subject?
-only the subject
-what the sentence is about
-cannot be in a prepositional phrase
-ex. the dog jumped over the fence.
-dog is the simple subject
what is a complete subject?
-all of the words describing the subject that are before the verb
-ex. the dog jumped over the fence.
-the dog is the complete subject
what is the simple predicate?
-only the verb
-what the subject is doing/ being
-ex. the dog jumped over the fence
-jumped is the simple predicate
what is the complete predicate?
-all of the words after the verb/ simple predicate
-everything that is not the complete subject
-ex. the dog jumped over the fence.
-jumped over the fence is the complete subject
prepositional phrase
-all of the words that have to do with a preposition
-ex. the dog jumped over the fence.
-over the fence is the prepositional phrase
direct object
-“what???”
-ex. she ate an apple.
-she ate a what??? apple
-apple is the direct object
indirect object
-always before the direct object
-“to or for whom or what???”
-ex. she gave me a letter.
-she gave a letter to or for whom or what??? me.
-me is the indirect object
predicate adjective
-“what???” and describes the subject
-ex. she is hardworking.
-she is what??? hardworking
-hardworking also describes her
-hardworking is the predicate adjective
predicate nomanitive
-“what???” and also renames the subject
-ex. she is the captian.
-she is the what??? capitan
-capitan and her are the same person
-capitan is the predicate nomanitive
