english exam southview 10 Flashcards
context
The circumstances or conditions in which something exists or occurs.
contrast
To compare in order to show differences.
counterargument
argument or set of reasons to oppose an idea
flat character
A character who is uncomplicated and does not change significantly throughout the course of a story.
formal tone
a serious and dignified tone
indirect characterization
The process by which the personality of a character is revealed through the character’s speech, actions, appearance, etc., as interpreted by the reader.
informal tone
casual and conversational tone
mood
emotional atmosphere of a literary work
motivation
The reason or reasons one has for acting or behaving in a particular way.
parallelism
the use of similar grammatical structures or patterns to express related ideas.
paraphrase
To restate a text or passage in other words, often to clarify meaning or show understanding.
passive voice
A grammatical construction in which the subject of a sentence is the recipient of the action.
plot
sequence of events
purpose
reason something is done or created
repetition
The act of repeating something that has already been said or written.
rhetoric
art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing
rhetorical question
A question asked for effect or to make a point, rather than to elicit an answer.
round character
A character who is complex and undergoes significant development or change throughout the course of a story.
structure
arrangement or organization of the parts of a literary work
text evidence
Quotations, summaries, or paraphrases from a text that support a claim or argument.
metaphor
A figure of speech that compares two unlike things without using the words ‘like’ or ‘as’.
tone
authors attitude toward the subject matter or audience
narrator
person who tells the story
word choice
selection of words and phrases used in speech or writing
proverb
A short saying that expresses a common truth or piece of advice.
pun
A play on words that exploits the multiple meanings of a term, or of similar-sounding words, for humorous or rhetorical effect.
setting
the time and place in which a story takes place
allusion
A reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art.
superstition
An irrational belief or notion, often based on fear or ignorance, that is inconsistent with reason or scientific knowledge.
autobiography
story of a persons life written by that person
situational irony
A contrast between what is expected to happen and what actually happens.
coming of age
transition from childhood to adulthood
symbol
An object, person, or situation that represents something else.
dramatic irony
A contrast between what the audience knows and what a character knows.
theme
central idea or message
foreshadowing
A literary device in which a writer gives an advance hint of what is to come later in the story.
verbal irony
A contrast between what is said and what is meant
hyperbole
Exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally.
inference
conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning.
irony
A literary device that portrays a difference between appearance and reality, expectation and result, or meaning and intention.
memoir
historical account or biography written from personal knowledge or special sources.
epigram
A concise, clever, and often paradoxical statement or poem.
fable
A short story, typically with animals as characters, conveying a moral.
folklore
The traditional beliefs, customs, and stories of a community, passed through the generations by word of mouth.
legend
A traditional story or group of stories handed down from the past, often based on real events or characters.
myth
A traditional story, typically involving gods or heroes, explaining the beliefs or customs of a society.
oral tradition
The passing down of stories, songs, and other cultural material from one generation to the next by word of mouth.
personification
A figure of speech in which an inanimate object or animal is given human characteristics.
protagonist
main character in a story
similie
comparison using like or as
tragedy
A serious play or literary work in which the main character is brought to ruin or suffers extreme sorrow, especially as a consequence of a tragic flaw, moral weakness, or inability to cope with unfavorable circumstances.
tragic flaw
A character trait that leads to the downfall of the protagonist in a tragedy.
tragic hero
A literary character who makes a judgment error that inevitably leads to his or her own destruction.
selection vocabulary
Vocabulary words specific to a particular text or selection
reciprocity
The practice of exchanging things with others for mutual benefit.
capitalism
An economic and political system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.
kin
ones family and relations
cultural appropriation
The adoption or use of elements of one culture by members of another culture, often without understanding or respect for the original culture.
firekeeper
A person responsible for maintaining a fire, often in a ceremonial or spiritual context.
worldview
A particular philosophy of life or conception of the world.
circumnutation
The circular movement of a growing plant part, especially a stem, tip, or root.
monocot
A type of flowering plant characterized by having one cotyledon (seed leaf) in the embryo.
symbiosis
A close and often long-term interaction between two different biological species.
compensatory growth
The accelerated growth of an organ or organism to compensate for the loss or impairment of another.
poultice
A soft, moist mass of material applied to the body to relieve soreness and inflammation.
estuary
The tidal mouth of a large river, where the tide meets the stream.
utopia
place or state of mind imagined where everything is perfect
affable
Friendly, good-natured, and easy to talk to.
plaintive
Expressing sorrow or melancholy; mournful.
callow
inexperienced and immature
delirious
In an acutely disturbed state of mind characterized by restlessness, illusions, and incoherence.
capricious
sudden and unaccountable changes of mood or behavior.
atonement
reparation for a wrong or injury
euphemism
A mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing.
emissary
A person sent on a special mission, usually as a diplomatic representative.
ostracize
exclude someone from society or group
impropriety
A failure to observe standards or show due honesty or modesty; improper language, behavior, or character.
dregs
the worst of society
zeal
Great energy or enthusiasm in pursuit of a cause or an objective.
ingratiated
Bring oneself into favor with someone by flattering or trying to please them
arduous
Involving or requiring strenuous effort; difficult and tiring.
barrio
district of a town in spanish speaking country
