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kacka > ENGLISH BUSINESS VOCABS > Flashcards

ENGLISH BUSINESS VOCABS Flashcards

1
Q

Grievance procedure

A

A process for trying to resolve problems or complaints that employees raise with their employer

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2
Q

sign off

A

The client formally accepts that the project results have been delivered and the project is complete and satisfactory

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3
Q

status report

A

provides regular updates on the status and progress of a project

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4
Q

quality audit

A

the process of examining an organisations quality system carried out by a quality auditor

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5
Q

procedure

A

official way of doing something

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6
Q

pilot project

A

a small-scale project carried out to see if a larger-scale project is possible

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7
Q

monitoring

A

checking the progress over time

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8
Q

kick-off meeting

A

the first meeting with the project team and the client of the project where applicable

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9
Q

KPI

A

A measure of performance used by companies to measure how well they are performing against targets or expectations

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10
Q

efficiency

A

the ability to achieve maximum productivity with the minimum expense or waste

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11
Q

effectiveness

A

The measure how well something achieves its intended goal or result

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12
Q

deliverables

A

something that can be provided or achieved as a result of a process

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13
Q

debriefing

A

questions and discussion about a completed mission or project.

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14
Q

critical path analysis

A

a method of planning all the tasks that must be completed in a project

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15
Q

contingency plan

A

a plan designed to take account of possible future events or circumstances

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16
Q

constraint

A

A limitation or obstacle that may slow down or stop a planned activity

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17
Q

breakdown of tasks

A

an explanation of the different tasks in a project

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18
Q

authoritarian

A

A style of management that insists that rules are obeyed and authority is respected

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19
Q

works council

A

a group of employees representing the workforce in discussions with employers

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20
Q

workforce

A

all the people working in the industry

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21
Q

work permit

A

an official document giving a foreigner permission to work in the country

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22
Q

vocational training

A

training that is directed at a particular occupation and skills

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23
Q

trainee

A

person who is undergoing training for a particular job or profession

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24
Q

track record

A

a persons past achievements or performance

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25
Q

take on staff

A

to hire new employees

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26
Q

stand in

A

a person who takes someone else’s place or does someone else’s job for a while

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27
Q

employee turnover

A

way to measure how often employees leave a company and are replaced by new ones

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28
Q

social security

A

financial support by the state for people with inadequate income

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29
Q

sick leave

A

time taken off work due to illness

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30
Q

shortlist

A

the list of candidates who have been chosen for an interview

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31
Q

retirement

A

the act of giving up work after reaching a certain age

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32
Q

remuneration

A

general term for money paid for work or a service

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33
Q

reference

A

a letter from a previous employer testifying to someones reliability

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34
Q

promotion

A

to move to more important job in an organisation

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35
Q

positive discrimination

A

ta form of discrimination that favours someone by treating them differently in a positive way

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36
Q

pension

A

regular payment made to a retired or disabled person

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37
Q

parental leave

A

paid absence from work to care for a baby

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38
Q

job vacancy

A

an unoccupied position for which job seekers can apply

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39
Q

job security

A

being sure that your job is safe

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40
Q

job advertisement

A

an announcement publishing job vacancy

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41
Q

industrial relations

A

the relations between managers and workers in a company

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42
Q

induction

A

the process of introducing someone to a new organisation

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43
Q

incentive

A

a thing that motivates or encourages someone to do something

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44
Q

hot-desking

A

when employees do not each have their own desk

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45
Q

garden leave

A

a situation where an employee is required to stay away from work during their notice period after resigning or being terminated by their employer.

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46
Q

freelancer

A

person who works for different companies at different time

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47
Q

flexitime

A

a system in which employees can choose when they start and finish work

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48
Q

entry requirments

A

minimum skills or qualification that an applicant must have

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49
Q

employer branding

A

a company’s outward message about who they are and what makes them special

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50
Q

dismissal

A

the act of removing someone from employment

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51
Q

collective bargaining

A

negotiation of wages and conditions of employment

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52
Q

closing date

A

the latest date when applications will be accepted

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53
Q

assessment centre

A

A place or event where people applying for a job are given tests and interviews to find out their strengths and weaknesses

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54
Q

appraisal

A

a formal assessment (rating) of an employee s performance over a particular time

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55
Q

application

A

a formal request for a job

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56
Q

spot check

A

a test made on a randomly selected item

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57
Q

absenteeism

A

the practise of regularly staying away from work for no good reason

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58
Q

time and motion study

A

a procedure by which the efficiency of industrial operations is evaluated

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59
Q

specification

A

a detailed description of the design and materials used to make something

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60
Q

shop floor

A

the part of a factory where the production work is carried out

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61
Q

retooling

A

to equip factory with new or adapted machine tools

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62
Q

ramp up

A

to sharply increase the level of something

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63
Q

quality control

A

a system of maintaining standards in manufacturing by testing a sample of the output against the specification

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64
Q

output

A

the amount of something produced by a person

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65
Q

mass production

A

making large quantities of standard products by an automated process

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66
Q

machine tools

A

fixed power tools used in manufacturing processes

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67
Q

lean production

A

A method which increases efficiency and reduces waste by receiving goods only when they are needed in the production process

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68
Q

lead time

A

time between the start and finish of a production process

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69
Q

hazard warning sign

A

A system of clearly displayed symbols warning of danger (radiation)

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70
Q

flow-rate

A

the number of units moving through a production process at any given time

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71
Q

downtime

A

time during which a machine or assembly line is out of action

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72
Q

defect

A

A fault in design or manufacture which means that a product is not fit for purpose

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73
Q

craft

A

an activity involving skills in making things by hand

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74
Q

cottage industry

A

a business or manufacturing activity carried out in someones home

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75
Q

clean-room

A

a production environment free of dust and grease and other contaminants

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76
Q

capacity

A

The amount that a production line is capable of producing

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77
Q

bottleneck

A

A situation that causes a delay in a production process

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78
Q

batch

A

a quantity of goods produced at one time

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79
Q

automation

A

the use of automatic equipment in the manufacturing process

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80
Q

assembly line

A

A series of machines and workstations in a factory that put together identical products as they progress along it

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81
Q

additive manufacturing

A

a manufacturing technique that creates objects using computer-controlled design and printing methods

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82
Q

word-of-mouth

A

informal advertising by personal recommendation

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83
Q

upmarket

A

exclusive and usually expensive

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84
Q

USP

A

the feature or benefit of a particular product that makes it stand out from its competitors

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85
Q

telemarketing

A

selling goods and taking orders by telephone

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86
Q

tasting

A

a chance to try a new drink or food product

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87
Q

target market

A

the people that a company has as its main customers

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88
Q

state-of-the-art

A

having the latest technology and design

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89
Q

sophisticated

A

highly developed

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90
Q

slogan

A

A phrase or sentence that attracts people’s attention and makes them remember a product

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91
Q

segment

A

a part of a market or social group

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92
Q

sample

A

a small amount or example of something that can be looked at or tried in order to see what is is like

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93
Q

sales pitch

A

the arguments used by a person who is trying to sell something

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94
Q

response rate

A

The percentage of people who reply to a survey

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95
Q

questionnaire

A

a list of questions given as part of a survey

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96
Q

public relations

A

Activities that aim to promote the image of an organisation

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97
Q

prospective customer

A

someone who might decide to buy something

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98
Q

product range

A

the different products offered by a company

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99
Q

product line

A

a group of related products offered by a company

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100
Q

press release

A

an official statement issued to the media on a particular matter

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101
Q

phase out

A

to remove or stop using something gradually or in stages

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102
Q

niche

A

a specialised but profitable corner of the market (a specialized segment of the market for a particular kind of product or service.)

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103
Q

mystery shopper

A

a person employed to visit the shop in order to assess the quality of the goods

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104
Q

merchandise

A

goods to be bought and sold / products used to promote a film or a pop group or linked to a fictional character

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105
Q

market share

A

a part of the market dominated by a particular company or product

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106
Q

market sector

A

a part of the market such as a particular industry or group of customers

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107
Q

loss leader

A

a product sold at a loss in order to attract customers

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108
Q

launch

A

introducing a new company or product to the public fo the first time

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109
Q

jingle

A

a short tune with an advertising message designed to be easily remembered

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110
Q

hype

A

extensive or exaggerated use of publicity or promotion

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111
Q

guerilla marketing

A

an innovative way of marketing that aims to get maximum exposure as cheaply as possible

112
Q

giveaway

A

something that is given free for promotional purposes

113
Q

gimmick

A

an unusual or amusing trick or device intended to attract attention or customers

114
Q

gap in the market

A

An area of business in which there are few or no competitors and where profits can be made

115
Q

flop

A

a total failure

116
Q

findings

A

Something that is discovered or learned as a result of research

117
Q

field research

A

The collection of data not from existing research sources but by carrying out ones own surveys or experiments

118
Q

feature

A

the special quality or characteristic of a product

119
Q

endorsement

A

a testimonial or public statement approving of something

120
Q

end user

A

The person who actually uses a particular product or service

121
Q

downmarket

A

related to the cheaper or less prestigious sector of the market

122
Q

disposable income

A

Income left to spend after necessary payments have been made

123
Q

direct mail

A

advertising that is sent directly to potential customers

124
Q

desk research

A

the collection of data from existing research

125
Q

demand

A

a need for something

126
Q

customer survey

A

An investigation into the opinions of a group of customers to find out if they are satisfied with existing products and what they expect from new products

127
Q

customer

A

a person who buys a product or service

128
Q

copywriter

A

A person who writes the text of advertisements or other publicity material

129
Q

consumer durable

A

Manufactured goods that are expected to have a long life after purchase

130
Q

consumer

A

a person who buys goods and services for his/her own use and not for resale

131
Q

competitive advantage

A

something that help business to be better or more successful that the others

132
Q

competition

A

an activity involving two or more businesses in which each tries to get people to buy its goods rather than those of the other firms

133
Q

claim

A

A statement that a business makes about the nature or quality of its product that may or may nor be true

134
Q

buzz marketing

A

creating interest in a new product by persuading interested users or websites to pass on the message about it to other people or websites (viral marketing technique focused on maximizing the word-of-mouth potential of a campaign or product)

135
Q

break into a market

A

to start to operate in a particular area of business

136
Q

brand stretching

A

using an established brand name on a new product

137
Q

brand loyalty

A

the tendency for some consumers to continue buying the same brand of goods rather than competing brands

138
Q

brand image

A

the associations a product creates in the minds of the public

139
Q

billboard

A

a large sign used for advertising

140
Q

benchmarking

A

Evaluating something by comparing it to industry standards and the best practices of other companies

141
Q

banner ad

A

an advertisement in the form of a box

142
Q

appeal

A

The quality that makes something attractive or interesting

143
Q

advertising copy

A

the written material used in an advertisement

144
Q

advertising campaign

A

a programme of activities aimed at increasing sales or the awareness of a product/service

145
Q

vendor

A

a company or person that sells something

146
Q

trial order

A

a small initial order placed by the customer to test a product or service before committing to a larger order

147
Q

trader

A

A person or company that buys things to sell at a profit

148
Q

trade show

A

an event at which many companies show and sell their products

149
Q

trade discount

A

a discount on the retail price agreed between traders

150
Q

supply chain

A

the processes and companies that are involved in making and selling a product

151
Q

supplier

A

a person or organisation that provides goods or services

152
Q

shipment

A

batch of goods destined for or delivered to a customer

153
Q

sales representative

A

a member of company’s sales force

154
Q

retainer

A

a fee paid in advance to someone who might provide a service when required

155
Q

retailer

A

a person or business that sells goods to the public directly

156
Q

retail outlet

A

places where individual customers make purchases

157
Q

representative

A

an agent of a company who visits customers in order to sell products

158
Q

promotion

A

measures aimed at encouraging the sale of a product

159
Q

principal

A

The amount of money that is lent or invested to earn interests

160
Q

perishable

A

fresh goods that are likely to deteriorate

161
Q

packing

A

material in which goods are packed for delivery

162
Q

packaging

A

material in which goods are packed for sale

163
Q

OTC

A

the sale of drugs or medicine that do not need a doctor´s prescription

164
Q

outlet

A

a place from where goods are sold to the public

165
Q

order processing

A

the activity of dealing with every stage of a customer´s order

166
Q

middleman

A

a person who buys goods from producers and sells them to retailers or consumers

167
Q

mail order

A

a system of buying and selling goods through the mail

168
Q

intermediary

A

a person or business that acts as a link between buyers and sellers

169
Q

haulier

A

a company that transports goods by road

170
Q

grey market

A

the trade of goods through distribution channels that are legal but not intended by the original manufacturer

171
Q

enquiry

A

the act of asking for information

172
Q

distributor

A

The person or company supplies goods to shops or other businesses

173
Q

dispatch

A

to send off to a destination

174
Q

disintermediation

A

reduction in the use of intermediaries between producers and consumers

175
Q

destination

A

the place where something is going to be sent

176
Q

department store

A

a large shop selling many kinds of goods in different departments

177
Q

demonstration

A

showing how something works or is performed

178
Q

cut

A

a share in the profit or money (to take a cut of the sales)

179
Q

CRM

A

the strategies that a company uses to optimise its interaction with current and future customers

180
Q

cross-selling

A

selling a different product/service to an existing customer

181
Q

complaint

A

A statement that is unsatisfactory or unacceptable

182
Q

cold calling

A

the practise of telephoning or visiting someone unexpectedly in order to try sell them sth.

183
Q

COD

A

the system if paying for goods when they are delivered

184
Q

brick-and-mortar store

A

a place in a building that customers go to (opposite word is online store)

185
Q

after-sales

A

Providing help to customers after they have bought a product/service

186
Q

value-for-money

A

offering benefits at a lower price than one might expect

187
Q

unit price

A

price for one item

188
Q

term (of a loan)

A

the length of time that the loan will last

189
Q

standing order

A

an instruction to a bank by an account holder to make regular fixed payments to a particular person or organisation

190
Q

reminder

A

a letter sent to someone who has not paid on the agreed date

191
Q

receipt

A

a printed statement acknowledging that something has been paid for

192
Q

profit

A

amount of money gained after the costs of making or getting it have been paind

193
Q

pay off a loan

A

to pay back money borrowed

194
Q

owe (dlužit)

A

to have to pay back something that is borrowed

195
Q

overdraft facility

A

Maximum amount of money that a holder of a bank account is allowed to borrow from that account

196
Q

outgoings

A

the regular expenditure of a business

197
Q

margin

A

the percentage of the amount that a product is sold for (profit for the seller)

198
Q

lump sum payment

A

a single payment of money

199
Q

loss

A

money that has been lost by a business

200
Q

loan shark

A

A moneylender who charges unreasonably high interest rates

201
Q

liquidity

A

state of having enough cash or things of value that can easily be turned into cash in order to pay debts

202
Q

invoice

A

a list of goods or services that have been sold or work that has been done

203
Q

interest

A

amount charged for money that is borrowed

204
Q

instalment

A

one of a number of payments

205
Q

fraud

A

the crime of getting money by deceiving people

206
Q

fixed costs

A

costs that do not vary with output

207
Q

fare

A

money paid for a journey on public transport

208
Q

exchange rate

A

the value of one currency for the purpose of conversion to another

209
Q

due

A

required at a certain time or on a certain date

210
Q

donation

A

A sum of money that is donated to the charity

211
Q

discount

A

a reduction in the usual cost of something

212
Q

direct debit

A

an agreement made with a bank which allows a third party to transfer money from an account on agreed date

213
Q

default

A

to fail to repay a debt or loan

214
Q

debit

A

to remove an amount of money from an account

215
Q

debit card

A

a card allowing the holder to transfer money electronically from their bank account when making a purchase

216
Q

creditworhiness

A

The extent to which a borrower can be trusted to repay a debt

217
Q

creditor

A

a person or company to whom money is owed

218
Q

to credit

A

to add an amount of money to an account

219
Q

credit transfer

A

direct payment of money from one bank account to another

220
Q

credit risk

A

The possibility that a borrower will not repay a loan

221
Q

credit limit

A

the maximum amount that a lender will give a borrower

222
Q

credit control

A

a system used by a business to make sure that it gives credit only to customers who are able to pay and also that customers pay on time

223
Q

charge

A

the amount of money that someone asks in return for goods or services

224
Q

cash discount

A

a price reduction is given if a customer pay immediately or in cash

225
Q

bill

A

a printed or written statement of money owed for goods or services

226
Q

allocation

A

the distribution of resources or duties for a particular purpose

227
Q

affordable

A

not too expensive to buy

228
Q

warehouse

A

a building where large quantities of goods can be stored before being sent for sale

229
Q

supervisory board

A

a group appointed by shareholders to advise directors on the managing of the company and ensure that everything is done correctly

230
Q

subsidiary

A

a company that is at least half-owned by another company

231
Q

start-up

A

a new company or venture

232
Q

stakeholder

A

anyone who has a direct or indirect interest in the success of an organisation

233
Q

staff

A

all the people employed by a company or organisation

234
Q

sole trader

A

a person who has his/her own business

235
Q

small to medium-sized enterprise (SME)

A

a company that does not have a large number of employees and does not sell a large amount of goods or services

236
Q

retailer

A

a person or business that sells goods to the public

237
Q

research and development (RaD)

A

the part of business that deals with designing and testing new products

238
Q

quality assurance

A

The activity of managing the process of producing goods to make sure that they are kept at the standard the customer expects

239
Q

public relations PR

A

the job of presenting a positive image of the organisation to the public

240
Q

premises

A

the place where a company carries out its business

241
Q

payroll

A

a list of a company’s employees and the amount of money they are paid

242
Q

partnership

A

a type of business organisation made up of a group of professionals who work together

243
Q

parent company

A

an organisation that owns and controls other companies

244
Q

organisation chart

A

a diagram that shows the structure of an organisation and the relationship between different jobs

245
Q

open-plan office

A

a large office space with no dividing walls

246
Q

maintenance

A

the routine activity of keeping property and equipment in good condition

247
Q

listed company (plc)

A

a company with limited liablity whose shares are freely traded

248
Q

limited liability

A

a legal position in which if the company cannot pay its debts the shareholders are responsible only for the money they have given

249
Q

limited company

A

a company with limited liability whose shares are not sold to the public

250
Q

legal entity

A

a person or organisation that has the right to make contracts

251
Q

human resources

A

the department in a company that deals with employing and training people

252
Q

hierarchy

A

an organisation with levels in which people higher up give orders to people lower down

253
Q

headquarters

A

the head office or main building of an organisation

254
Q

go public

A

to offer shares for sale to the public

255
Q

founder

A

a person who starts up a company

256
Q

flotation

A

the process of offering a companys shares for sale on the stock market for the first time

257
Q

enterprise

A

a company or business especially one that is difficult and involves taking risks

258
Q

distribution

A

the action or process of supplying goods to retailers

259
Q

deparment

A

a section of a large business

260
Q

agency

A

a business providing a service between two parties

261
Q

affiliate

A

a person or organisation attached to a larger body

262
Q

administration

A

the process or activity of running a business or an organisation

263
Q

report

A

a written description of something

264
Q

video conference

A

a meeting conducted over the intertnet

265
Q

report

A

written description of something

266
Q

postpone

A

to arrange for an event to take place at a later date or time

267
Q

notification

A

information presented in a formal or official way

268
Q

minutes

A

a record of the events processes and decisions in a meeting

269
Q

memo

A

a short note to inform or remind someone

270
Q

liaise with

A

to work closely with other people and share information

271
Q

etiquette

A

the formal rules or a code for polite behaviour

272
Q

dress code

A

a set of rules that an organisation has about what people must or must not wear

273
Q

corporate culture

A

the attitudes or beliefs that are shared by a particular group of people or in particular organisation

274
Q

claim

A

a statement by someone that something is true but which in not proved

275
Q

AOB

A

the time at the end of the meeting when subjects that are not on the agenda can be discussed

276
Q

announcement

A

a formal public statement to announce something

277
Q

adjourn

A

to interrupt an event in order to continue at a later time or date

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