English and Scottish history Flashcards
Kingship in Middle Ages
The King could: lead his army; pronounce new laws; declare war; sign international treaties; represent the nation; appoint nobility; levy taxes (until 1216). Head of the Church (from 1534) The King couldn't: pardon or condemn a convict.
Norman kings
1066-1154
William I (1066-1087) William II (1087-1100) Henry I (1100-1135) Stephen (1135-1154)
House of Plantagenets
1154-1399
Henry II (1154-1189) Richard I (1189-1199) John (1199-1216) Henry III (1216-1272) Edward I (1272-1307) Edward II (1307-1327) Edward III (1327-1377) Richard II (1377-1399)
John’s nickname
John Lackland
What was John forced to sign by the barons and when?
The Magna Carta in 1215.
William I
1066-1087 Norman King
William II
1087-1100 Norman King
Henry I
1100-1135 Norman King
Stephen
1135-1154 Norman King
Henry II
1154-1189 Plantagenet
Richard I
1189-1199 Plantagenet
John
John Lackland 1199-1216 Plantagenet
Magna Carta 1215
Henry III
1216-1272 Plantagenet
Edward I
1272-1307 Plantagenet
Edward II
1307-1327 Plantagenet
Probably murdered by the barons
Edward III
1327-1377 Plantagenet
The Black Death 1348
Lollardy, John Wycliffe
Richard II
1377-1399
Plantagenet
Who was John Wycliffe?
He was the leader of a religious movement which attacked the power and the worldliness of the Church in the last years of Edward III’s reign.
Did Richard II’s reign finish with his death?
No, it didn’t. He was forced by his nobles to abdicate in favour of his cousin Henry, Duke of Lancaster.
House of Lancaster
1399-1461
Henry IV (1399-1413) Henry V (1413-1422) Henry VI (1422-1461)
House of York
1461-1485
Edward IV (1461-1483) Edward V 1483 Richard III (1483-1485)
Henry IV
1399-1413 Lancaster
Henry V
1413-1422 Lancaster
Henry VI
1422-1461 Lancaster
Edward IV
1461-1483 York
Edward V
1483 York
Richard III
1483-1485 York
The Hundred Years’ War
1377-1453
Joan of Arc
1412-1431
Why did Edward V’s reign last only one year?
Because his uncle killed him and Edward’s brother to seize the throne.
What is 1453 known for?
The end of The Hundred Years’ War and the Fall of Constantinople, conquered by Ottomans.
In which occasions could the King levy a special tax, without needing the Parliament’s consent?
Declaration of War
The Knighting of his eldest son
The Marriage of his eldest daughter
What prevents any law from being effective?
The absence of the King’s signature.
House of Tudor
1485-1603
Henry VII (1485-1509) Henry VIII (1509-1547) Edward VI (1547-1553) Mary I (1553-1558) Elizabeth I (1558-1603)
Henry VII
1485-1509 Tudor
He, Lancaster by his mother’s side, married the Richard III’s daughter, last representative of the House of York.
Henry VIII
1509-1547 Tudor
Act of Supremacy 1534
Edward VI
1547-1553 Tudor
Mary I
1553-1558 Tudor
First Queen of England, Catholic
Elizabeth I
1558-1603 Tudor
Virgin, Childless, Not married, Protestant
The Spanish Armada.
How many wives had Henry VIII?
One, Catherine of Aragon.
Then, after the Act of Supremacy had he 5 women.
How many children had Henry VIII and whom from?
3 children:
Mary I from Catherine of Aragon;
Elizabeth I from Anne Boleyn;
Edward VI from Jane Seymour.
When was Elizabeth I excommunicated?
In 1570.
House of Stuart
1603-1649
James I (1603-1625) Charles I (1625-1649)
James I
1603-1625 Stuart
Mary Stuart’s son.
History play
?
Historical novel
?
Waverley
?
Walter Scott
?
