english Flashcards
- Good defeats evil
- Wergild–restitution for murder or
expect revenge from victim’s relatives
Anglo-Saxon Ideals and
Codes of Conduct
Long narrative poem that recounts the
adventures of a hero.
- Elevated language
Epic Poem
Chant-like effect of the four-beat line
- Alliteration (“Then the grim man in
green gathers his strength”)
Elements of Anglo-Saxon Poetry
meaning of Thane?
a. a warrior
b.the king
c. a prince
a. a warrior
The large hall where the lord and his warriors
slept, ate, held ceremonies, etc.
mead-hall
Fate. Destiny. This idea crops up a lot
in the poem, while at the same time
there are Christian references to God’s
will.
a. bible
b. free poem
c. wyrd
c. wyrd
Epic hero
* Geat (from southern Sweden)
* Nephew of Higlac (King at
story’s start)
Beowulf
- Danish king
- Builds Herot (banquet hall) for
men
Hrothgar
- Referred to as demon and
fiend - Haunts the moors (swampy
land)
Grendel
- Referred to as she-wolf
- Lives under a lake
a. grendell
b.hrothgar
c. grendell’s mother
c grendell’s mother
- Lives in Beowulf’s kingdom
- Wakes up when thief steals
cup
Fire Dragon
TYPES OF LYRIC POETRY
- Sonnet
- Ode
- Ballad
- Elegy
- Villanelle
- Idyll
- Free Verse
Named after an ancient Greek poet, Pindar.
Choral poems that were meant to be sung at public events.
Pindar Ode
Named after Latin poet, Horace.
Informal, meditative, and intimate
Dwelled upon interesting subject matters that were simple and were pleasing to the senses.
horatian ode
Without any formal rhyme scheme
Poet has great freedom and flexibility to try any types of concepts and moods.
Irregular Ode
- Traditionally divided into three (3) sections or stanzas.
Structure of Ode
Usually consists of two or more lines repeated as a unit.
In modern usage, the term can refer to any group of verses that form a distinct unit within a poem.
strophe
Structured the same way as the strophe.
But typically offers a thematic counterbalance.
Antistrophe
Has a distinct meter and length from the strophe and antistrophe
Serves to summarize or conclude the ideas of the ode.
epode
A type of poetry or verse which was basically used in dance songs in ancient France.
Ballad
Recurrence of certain lines at regular intervals
Can also be in interrogative form, with appropriate answers to every question asked.
structure of ballad
Begins with an expression of grief and an invocation to the Muse (inspirational goddess of literature) to aid the poet in expressing his suffering.
pastoral elegy
- Derived from the Greek work elegus, which means a song of bereavement sung along with a flute.
elegy
From Italian word “villano” which means peasant
Like the Italian and Spanish dance-songs, “villanella” and “villancico”, spoke of simple, often pastoral or rustic themes.
VILLANELLE
Made up of five tercets (stanzas of three lines) followed by a quatrain, with two repeating rhymes and two refrains and couplet at the end of the quatrain
structure of villanelle
From Greek eidyllion which means “little picture”
A short poem of a pastoral or rural character in which something of the element of landscape is depicted or suggested.
idyll
A very structured type of poetry in which the author attempts to show two related but differing things to the reader in order to communicate something about them.
sonnet
Distinguished by its division into the octave and sestet:
The octave rhyming abbaabba
The sestet rhyming cdecde, cdcdcd, or cdedce
Italian Sonnet (Petrarchan)
Also called vers libre in French
Free from limitations of regular meter or rhyme, and does not rhyme with fixed forms
FREE VERSE POEMS
The Spenserian sonnet, invented by Edmund Spenser, complicates the Shakespearean form, linking rhymes among the quatrains:
* Abab bcbc cdcd ee
Spenserian
Three quatrains (stanzas of four lines each)
Each with a rhyme scheme of its own, usually rhyming alternating lines
And a rhymed concluding couplet
The typical rhyme scheme is
*Abab cdcd efef gg
English Sonnet (Shakesperean)
