english Flashcards
noun
words that names a persona, place, thing or idea
concrete noun
names an object that occupies space
abstract noun
names an idea, quality or characteristic
singular noun
names one persone, place, thing or idea
plural noun
names mora than one
compound noun
noun made up of two or more words
three types of compound nouns
- opened: ice cream, jewelry box
- closed: keyboard, notebook
- hyphenated: sister-in-law, x-ray
common noun
is the general name
proper noun
the name of a particular person, place, thing or idea
collective noun
names a group
singular form
possessive noun, is formed by adding what?
show ownership
is formed by using (´s)
pronoun
word that takes the place of a noun, a group of words acting as a noun, or another pronoun
antecedent
word or group of words ro which a pronoun refers
personal pronoun
refers to a specific person, place, thing or idea
what are the types of personal pronouns
first person (indicating the person speaking)
second person (person being spoken to)
third person (any other person)
subject pronoun (he)
perform the action of the sentence usually found before the verb
objects pronoun (him)
receive the action of the subject usually found after the verb
reflexive pronoun
- refers back to the subject of the sentence or clause and indicates that the same person or thing is involved.
- adds information to the sentence
intensive pronoun
- adds emphasis to another noun or pronoun.
- if the intensive pronoun is omitted, the meaning of the sentence will still be the same.
demonstrative pronoun
points out specific person, places, things or ideas
interrogative pronoun
is used to form questions
relative pronoun
is used a special subject-verb word group called a subordinative clause
(a clause that cannot stand alone as a sentence)
indefinite pronoun
refers to a person, place, thing or idea in a more general way than a noun does
adjective
- word that modifies a noun or a pronoun
- it may describe a noun or pronoun
articles
are the adjectives on, an, the
indefinite articles
“a” and “an” are called indefinite articles
definite article
“the” is called definite artcile
zero article
refers to an occasion in speech or writing where a noun or a noun phrase ir not preceded by an article
when is no article used?
- proper nouns
- mass nouns where the reference is indefinite
- plural nouns where the reference is indefinite
- where referring to means of transport (by plane)
- common expressions of time and place (at midnight)
what are proper adjectives, how are they formed?
- is formed from a proper noun and begins with a capital letter
- they are formed by attaching the following suffixes to nouns to form proper adjectives: (-an, -ian, -n, -ese, and -ish)
examples:
America= American
England= English
China= Chinese
What are the three forms that adjectives use to compare nouns
- possitive form: indicates no comparison
- comparative form: compares two noun or pronouns
- superlative form: compares more than two nouns or pronouns
verbs
word that expresses an action or a state of being and is necessary to make a statement
verbs express:
time present, past and future
action verb
- tells what someone or something does
- expresses action that is either physical or mental
transitive verb
is followed by a word or words that answer the question “what?” or “whom?”
the word that answer the question “what?” or “whom?” after a transitive verb are called…
direct object
intransitive verb
is not followed by a word that answers the question “what?” or “whom?”
linking verb
- link or joins the subject of a sentence with a noun, pronoun or an adjective that identifies or describes the subject
- does NOT show action
most commonly used linking verb is:
be
forms of be
- am
- be
- being
- was
- are
- been
- is
- were
