English 1 final exam rev. Flashcards
pernicious
causing great injury or ruin
adversary
one who opposes or fights against another
argumenting
making larger, increasing or enlarging
grievance
injusto or complaint
oppression
feeling of being weighted down with worries or problem
exile
to send away, banish
transgression
an act that breaks a law, rule, or code of conduct, wrongdoing
procure
to get or obtain, usually with great care, or effort
predominant
of or having the stronger influence or power
intercession
act of pleading on another’s behalf.
sallow
a sickly, pale, yellow hue or complection
eloquence
a graceful and persuasive speech
lamentable
distressing, unsatisfactory, causing sadness or sorrow
unwieldy
awkward or clumsy
gallant
brave and noble
fray
a noisy fight
martial
related to the military, warlike
fickle
easily changed or affected
pensive
deeply thoughtful
vial
a small bottle containing medicine or other liquids
disperse
to spread apart, to break up and scatter in all directions
wayward
difficult to control, headstrong or stubborn
dismal
causing gloom or misery
loathsome
disgusting or detestable, extremely unlikable
remnants
whatever is left over, remainders
penury
extreme poverty
enjoined
instructed, ordered, or urged to do something
haughty
acting superior to others; arrogant
ambiguities
statements or events whose meanings are unclear
sourge
instrument for inflicting punishment
aside
a brief remark made directly to the audience which reveals a character’s private thought(s)
oxymoron
a figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction
syntax
the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in language
iamb
poetic foot consisting of one stressed and one unstressed syllable
iambic pentameter
five iambs used to create a live of verse
hyperbole
an exaggerated statement or claim NOT meant to be taken literally
situational irony
literary device when actions or events have the opposite result form what is intended or expected
simile
figure of speech comparing one thing with another using the words like or as
monolougue
a lengthy, extended speech delivered by a character to characters present onstage
sonnet
a poem of fourteen lines following a strict rhyme scheme and dramatic change in lines 9 or 13
pun
a joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word or words which sound alike but have different meanings
soliloquy
a speech in which a character is alone onstage and reveals his or her inner thoughts to the audience
quatrain
a stanza of four lines; usually with alternating lines
allusion
an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it specifically
verbal irony
speaker says one thing but means another, sarcasm
metaphor
figure of speech, a thing regarded as representative of symbolic of something else, abstract
chorus
a group of actors who described and commented upon the main action of a play with song, dance, and recitation
Foil
a character used as contrast/opposite to another character
diction
the style of enuncitation
onomatopeia
the formation of a word from a sound
couplet
two lines of rhyming verse
paradox
self-contradictory statement or proposition that is true
dramatic irony
audience understanding the outcome of a situation but characters unaware of what’s happening
personificaiton
nonhuman characteristics to a non human (ex: object)
common noun
common words that name person, place or thing or idea
ex; cat
proper noun
name used for individual person, place or thing
ex; Target
personal pronoun
word that replaces a noun, associated with first person, second or third person
ex; she
possessive pronoun
word that replaces noun, shows “ownership”
ex; his
verb
word that shows action, state of being, or occurance
ex; was
adjetive
word that describes a noun, or noun phras
ex; joyful
adverb
word that conveys info about how, when, where and to what extent something happens, modifies verb
ex; somewhere
preposition
word that provides info such as time, directory, or other place
ex; on
appositive phrases
phrase that provides more info about noun
ex; my friend Michael or Michael, my friend,
prepositional phrase
phrase that begins with a preposition and clarifies time, place or direction
ex; on the table
participle phrase
phrase that begins with a participle and modifies a noun by adding description
ex; clogged the drain
simple sentence
a sentence with only one clause
ex; My cat ran away.
compound sentence
a sentence with more that one subject an/or predicate; two clauses are connected with a comma + FANBOYS
ex; David’s cat ran across the street, but couldn’t jump over the fence
complex sentence
a sentence with an independent and dependent clause connected by AAAWWUBBIS
ex; Although the paper woth gray, it was originally white.
compound-complex sentence
a sentence having two or more coordinate independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses
ex; Although Mitchell prefers watching romantic films, he rented the lattes spy thriller, as he enjoyed the trailer very much.
Subordinating conjunctions
a conjunction that introduces a subordinate clause AAAWWUBBIS- after, although, as, when , while, until, because, before, if, since
Coordinating conjunctions
words used to connnect clauses, or items in a list- FANBOYS- for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so
