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4th Year Millwright JD > Engines > Flashcards

Engines Flashcards

1
Q

The amount of air an engine is able to take into the cylinder compared with the volume of the cylinder is called?

A

Volumetric efficiency

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2
Q

The description of compression ratio is best stated as?

A

The cylinder volume plus the combustion chamber volume, divided by the combustion chamber volume

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3
Q

The SI metric system measures pressure in?

A

Pascals

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4
Q

When you are determining engine rotation using the SAE standard, the engine is viewed from?

A

The main power end of the engine

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5
Q

Which type of head design has the valves in the block?

A

“L” head engine

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6
Q

The main reason for using chrome cylinder liners is for?

A

Reducing the rate of wear on the cylinders

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7
Q

To check for out of round in a cylinder you must measure?

A

In the ring travel area, 90 degrees and parallel to the crank

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8
Q

Which liners are not exposed to engine coolant?

A

Dry liners

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9
Q

What is the most accurate method of checking bearing clearances?

A

Measure the shaft and bearings

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10
Q

Piston rings fall into 2 major groups?

A
  • compression

- oil control

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11
Q

Maximum torque will occur on an engine at what point?

A

At the best volumetric efficiency

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12
Q

Deglazing of a cylinder with flexible hone promotes?

A

Good cylinder to ring lubrication.

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13
Q

The crankshaft on most modern diesels are made from?

A

Forged alloy steel

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14
Q

The main cause of crankshaft deflection on large engine installations is?

A

Foundation that is crooked or uneven

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15
Q

The usable power that an engine actually delivers is, refers to as?

A

Brake horse power

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16
Q

The main reason for counter weights on the crankshaft is?

A

Counter weights, balances reciprocating forces.

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17
Q

Valve clearance on a four stroke engine is normally adjusted with the piston at?

A

Top dead centre (TDC) compression stroke

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18
Q

Which engine part has the function of storing energy during the power pulses and then using that energy to carry the engine to the next power pulse?

A

Flywheel

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19
Q

An engine that has a larger stroke length then bore diameter is?

A

Under square

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20
Q

Running an engine without a thermostat would most likely cause?

A

Sludge

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21
Q

Abnormally high crankcase pressure could be caused by?

A

Scored cylinder

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22
Q

One sign that could be used to indicate a faulty spark plug in a running gas engine?

A

A cool exhaust manifold elbow

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23
Q

Excessive side clearance between the piston ring and the ring groove will cause?

A

Ring breakage and excessive oil consumption

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24
Q

The amount of contact on a dry liner is important for?

A

Correct heat transfer

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25
Q

Excessive valve lash could cause?

A

Insufficient scavenging

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26
Q

What can cause increased compression?

A

A build up of carbon in the combustion chamber

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27
Q

The in-line cylinder configuration has the advantage of?

A

A greater number of bearings to share the load

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28
Q

The quickest way to check the main bearing clearance is by?

A

Lift check

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29
Q

The mass of a stationary engine foundation should be how big?

A

2.5 times the mass of the complete engine

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30
Q

Which sensor would have the purpose of telling the computer the fuel is too rich or too lean?

A

Oxygen sensor

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31
Q

Excessive crankshaft deflection would cause?

A

Crankshaft fatigue

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32
Q

What fills the cylinder with air on a naturally aspirated engine?

A

Atmospheric pressure

33
Q

When replacing piston oil rings ensure?

A

The rounded edge faces the top of the cylinder

34
Q

What is always found in the cylinder head of an “I” head four stroke engine?

A

Valves, intake and exhaust passages

35
Q

What is the purpose of the natural gas carburetor?

A

Proper air fuel (A/F) ratio

36
Q

Which engine system uses the heat of a compressed gas for ignition?

A

Diesel engine

37
Q

Abnormal oil consumption could be caused by?

A

Excessive valve guide clearance

38
Q

How is an intake valve cooled in a typical industrial engine?

A

Intake air plus valve seat and valve guide contact

39
Q

The piston compression ring which is least likely to stick is?

A

Keystone

40
Q

The coolant in a pressurized system will have a boiling point ________ degrees higher for every ______psi

A

3 degrees F higher for every 1 psi

41
Q

Which pistons will be fit looser in the cylinder than cast iron pistons and why?

A

Pure aluminum pistons because of the amount of expansion when heated

42
Q

On a liquid cooled inline 4-stroke 8 cylinder Diesel engine the power pulse is located _________ degrees apart.

A

90 degrees.

43
Q

In a 4-stroke engine the sequence of events would be?

A

Intake, compression, power, exhaust

44
Q

If an engine has valve overlap of 30° this means that?

A

The intake valve opens 30° before the exhaust valve closes

45
Q

Adding an intercooler to a turbocharged engine will?

A

Give a further power increase

46
Q

A Waste gate (dump valve) is located?

A

Between the exhaust and the turbine

47
Q

Which fuel is more susceptible to pre-ignition?

A

Gasoline

48
Q

With normal combustion on an SI engine, ignition normally occurs?

A

When the spark is delivered, before TDC

49
Q

If the exhaust valve is open while the intake valve is also open before and after TDC what happens?

A

Exhaust gas is being scavenged

50
Q

On a diesel engine the governor controls the?

A

Fuel rack

51
Q

Cylinder liner cavitation can be caused by?

A

Vibration

52
Q

Engine knock (detonation) occurs when?

A

Two flame fronts colliding cause a rapid combustion of the fuel

53
Q

Most cylinder wear occurs at the?

A

Top of ring travel

54
Q

Spectra analysis program of engine oil will tell you?

A

The condition of the oil and engine wear

55
Q

When starting a natural gas engine which has to be shut down for a few days, it should be barred over, doing this will?

A

Check for hydrostatic lock

56
Q

Multi engine installations that have all the exhaust united into one manifold and muffler system can cause?

A

Condensation in the cylinder on the non-running engine

57
Q

Work is expressed as?

A

As force unit times distance

58
Q

How is heat removed from the piston in a diesel engine?

A

Oil spray and ring contact with cylinder walls

59
Q

Setting the correct valve lash on a four stroke engine is best done?

A

After the intake valve closes

60
Q

What is best used to set a natural gas A/F ratio?

A

Wideband oxygen sensor

61
Q

What is the purpose of the converter on a LPG system?

A

Changes higher pressure liquid to lower pressure vapour

62
Q

What is not required for a magneto type ignition system?

A

Battery

63
Q

A sign that a diesel is running excessively cold is the emission of _________ smoke

A

White smoke

64
Q

What does the stoichiometric mean as it relates to natural gas engines?

A

It is the chemically correct ratio to burn all of the oxygen and fuel

65
Q

The primary circuit of a basic ignition circuit is?

A

The low-voltage part of the circuit

66
Q

Pre-ignition occurs when, in the combustion process?

A

Before normal combustion

67
Q

Lubrication for the cylinders of very large displacement engines can be accomplished with the use of?

A

Oil injection

68
Q

What causes the air to flow through the carburetor on a natural gas engine?

A

Movement of the piston

69
Q

What ratio does the camshaft turn in relation to the crankshaft in a four stroke engine?

A

1 to 2 (crankshaft in relation to camshaft would be 2 to 1)

70
Q

High-octane fuel burns?

A

Slower (less volatile)

71
Q

Too much fuel in carburetor is?

A

Rich

72
Q

Too much air in carburetors is?

A

Lean

73
Q

Valve over lap (4 stroke engine) takes place at the?

A

Start of the intake stroke

74
Q

In a two stroke engine scavenging takes place?

A

After the power stroke

75
Q

Valve face interference angle is sometimes used to apply?

A

Quick seating for initial start up after a valve job

76
Q

What instrument is commonly used to check the crankcase ventilation system?

A

A manometer.

77
Q

What does a pyrometer do?

A

It measures exhaust gas temperatures.

78
Q

Best way to remove a ridge on a cylinder 6” or less is with?

A

Ridge reamer

79
Q

Balanced manifold pressure is important?

A

To keep work being done by each cylinder constant.

4th Year Millwright JD (14 decks)

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