Engineers Manual Flashcards
Ensure proper fluid levels
Motor oil, transmission fluid, coolant, power steering fluid, and diesel exhaust fluid (DEF)
Booster tank level and foam tank level
Must be checked visually, compare visual levels to gauges for accuracy
Ensure proper brake pressure for front and rear
Great than 100 PSI (>100)
Tires and wheels
Check tire pressure, lug nuts, axle seals, and tread depth
Minimum tread depth
4/32” or when tread wear indicators are even with the tire tread.
With motor running check all….
Running lights, (including brake and back up lights), all visual and audible warning devices and scene lighting.
Daily engine inspection
Conduct a brief conference with the off-going engineer
Ensure proper fluid levels
Ensure booster tank and foam tank levels
Ensure proper air brake PSI
Tires and wheels
Seat belts- ensure all seat belts operate and adjust properly
Ensure wipers operate properly
Check all visual and audible devices
With the pump engaged and TANK-TO-PUMP valve open
Verify pressure on master discharge gauge
Operate primer until water is discharged
Ensure proper operation of the governor in both PSI and RPM modes
Ensure proper operation of the transfer valve (if equipped)
Operate electric intake valves fully-open to fully-closed
Discharge water from at least one discharge opening
Open and close each 5”intake valve then remove the cap to drain
Disengage pump then open/close each manual valve..
To verify smooth operation
Open and close all bleeders open the PUMP DRAIN valve briefly to..
Flush sediment from the lowest level of the pump
Tilt the cab and inspect all drive belts for..
Tightness and wear
Check batteries for…
Leaks and right connections
Portable oxygen
Ensure tank pressure is greater than 1000 (>1000) and oxygen delivery adjuncts are properly stocked
Air chisel
Connect to air bottle and ensure proper operation (>4000 PSI) do not trigger the air chisel unless the chisel head is in contact with a solid material
Ensure strainers are present in 2 1/2” intakes
During the weekly pump service
When oiling the air chisel
Apply 5 of air tool oil into the blade end and operate
High-lift jack weekly inspection
Clean with soapy water and dry thoroughly. Wipe down entire tool with light oil, including all moving parts. Inspect jack for bent or damaged components.
Chains weekly inspection
Clean with soapy water if dirty, and dry thoroughly. Wipe down length of chain sparingly with light oil. Inspect links for damage or corrosion.
Come-along weekly inspection
Clean with a dry cloth. Use light oil sparingly on moving parts. Inspect cable for broken strands, corrosion, or wear. Do not apply any lubricant to wire rope. If the wire rope gets wet or is exposed to moisture it must dry thoroughly. Inspect handle for straightness.
All lubricants must be used sparingly because…
Excess oil or grease can attract dirt and compromise proper operation
Light oil
This refers to Liquid wrench, WD-40, or similar water displacing oil, typically found in an aerosol can.
Air tool oil
Supplied with air chisel in a small squeeze bottle (5 drops on the blade side)
Two-cycle oil
Added to gasoline to lubricate two-cycle engines (50:1)
Silicone spray
Used on roll-up door tracks and slide out compartment trays. It leaves minimal residue. DO NOT USE SILICONE ON OTHER MOVING PARTS. Remove dirt prior to applying silicone.
Grease
The only grease permitted is “food grade” machinery grease. Apply to appliance and pump threads as needed.
If the service requires the engine to be out of service for 24 hours or any period that spans two shifts a…
Complete daily inspection shall be performed immediately, prior to swapping equipment and returning to service. Pay particular attention to any component or system that was serviced to ensure proper operation.
If apparatus is facing oncoming traffic at night…
Turn off headlights to improve night vision of approaching vehicles.
Leave the rear of all apparatus unobstructed
To facilitate ground ladder and tool access
Engine has become stuck
Contact TSF prior to attempting removal
When backing, use a spotter on the engineers side…
5-10 feet from tailboard. This places the spotter in the most visible location for the engineer and allows the spotter full view of the rear of the engine.
If the spotter is no longer in view..
The engineer must stop that apparatus
JEA main sizes range from
6” to 24” in diameter and average 70 PSI static pressure.
Static sources include
Lakes, rivers, swimming pools, storage tanks, retention ponds and portable tanker basins
What all can interfere with hydrant flow
Dead end mains or loops, partially closed street valves, sediment buildup, and damaged mains.
Supply mains
Residential 6” to 10”
Commercial 8” to 24”
Type of private system that consists of a private main that is connected to a city main through a meter and back flow preventer.
The diameter of the back flow preventer is the same as the water main.
High pressure systems may be located at…
High-risk facilities (chemical or petroleum) that require immediate firefighting pressure but don’t have fire engines on site to boost pressure.
Private hydrant (industrial)
Red
Steamer (4 1/2”)
Side outlets (2 1/2”)
Static pressure (up to 175)
Private hydrant (apartment/business)
Red
Steamer (4 1/2”)
Side outlets (2 1/2”)
Static pressure (70 PSI)
Supply mains (dead end mains or loops)
(6” to 10”)
NFPA color codes for caps and bonnet
BGOR
Blue- 1500 GPM
Green- 1000/1499 GPM
Orange- 500/999 GPM
Red- below 500 GPM
Private hydrants are transitioning to the color
White as of 2016
Sound barrier walls along limited access highways may incorporate
Access holes (about 12”) to reach hydrants on nearby streets
Drafting utilizes
Atmospheric pressure. Pumps are equipped with a primer to reduce pressure inside the pump below atmospheric pressure, this creates a vacuum
Size of TANK-TO-PUMP valve
3” valve, flow is limited to 700-800 GPM
Dry hydrants
4 1/2” steamer attached to static water supply. Commonly PVC but could be cast iron or stainless steel.
JFRD engines are built by Pierce and are fitted with midship mounted WATEROUS centrifugal pumps. These are either single-stage or two-stage and rated at
1500, 1750, or 2000 GPM
Intake manifold
Lower half of the pump body
Discharge manifold
Upper half of the pump body
Centrifugal pump
Includes impellers
JFRD engines are powered by
Six cylinder turbo-charged diesel motors, manufactured by caterpillar (c12 or c13) or Cummins (ISL series).
The impeller discharges water into the volute,
The chamber which directs the pressurized water into the discharge manifold.
The volume at 150 PSI is
Called the rated capacity
When pumping beyond 50% of a pumps rated capacity,
You must be in volume
Manual override for transfer valve
3/4” socket
Both the internal pressure relief valve and PIV/BIC are preset to
150 PSI
The front and rear intake pipes are
5” in diameter
The front and rear intake pipes will flow less than the steamers
1000GPM at draft, and 1500 GPM from a hydrant
Additional intake inside the tailboard compartment. This intake is a direct tank fill and is painted red to distinguish it from other connections.
E-7
E-21
On a hazmat incident, what intake may be the preferred connection for the hydrant or tanker supply
E-7 or E-21 rear direct tank fill connection
Most intake and discharge valves are
Quarter turn ball valves, can be turned 45 degrees to lock in position
Large diameter intakes and discharges use quarter turn valves controlled by a hand wheel or electronic control. Due to large volumes….
They must be of the slow operating type to prevent water hammer.
(Electronic front and rear intake valve take 15-20 seconds to fully open or close)
The most commonly used valves are
TANK TO PUMP AND TANK FILL
JFRD engines have a wide variety of discharge options range from
1” booster line to a 4” LDH discharge
Electric primer
The primer is a positive displacement pump which can pump air and water.
Both types of priming pumps draw current from the vehicle charging, for best performance set RPM between
1000-1200 RPM
How many motor functions are to be monitored while pumping
Four
Coolant temp
Oil pressure
Transmission temp
Voltage
Oil pressure
15 PSI at idle
35-45 PSI at speed
Coolant temperature
180-220 degrees fully warmed up
Voltage
13 to 14.5 volts
Transmission temperature
Under 300 degrees is normal
Pump water pressure can best be monitored by
Feeling the pump piping
Pump cooler/recirculator
Directs pump water to booster tank
Will flow less than 25 GPM
Generally only needed when hose lines are charged but not flowing
Engineer must select PSI mode for
Pumping hand lines
Pumping ladder pipes or ground monitors
Supplying a sprinkler or standpipe system
The pressure sensor is disabled above
300 PSI
Engineers must select RPM mode for
Drafting
Relay pumping
Charging 5” hose
PSI mode malfunction
Pumping operations that exceed 300 PSI
The only pressure protection in RPM mode is
Rapid pressure increases in excess of 30 PSI
The pressure sensor must detect
PDP in the pump to operate
A small amount of air can hinder proper governor operation. The digital readout may display
LO PRESSURE
or
LO SUPPLY
Engine PSI preset
110 PSI
Tanker PSI preset
50 PSI
Both engine and tanker RPM preset
1100 RPM
When residual pressure gets low ( ) the governor may sense a supply problem and return RPM to idle.
(Below 10 PSI)
When connecting 5” hose to the intake valve, never place a ( ) in the hose. It may uncouple upon charging
(Right hand twist)
Always clamp at least ( ) back from the tail board
(25’)
A supply line connected to a hydrant at incident scenes shall be ( ) or larger
5”
The engineer shall direct the opening of the hydrant by
Portable radio
Signaling with arms overhead
Utilize a runner
No apparatus shall
Drive over 5” hose coupling
Practical volume limit of 5” hose
1600 GPM
Ball intake valve will flow in excess of
2000 GPM
Every engine company should carry at least two
Gated wye’s
2 1/2” smooth bore nozzles
1” 200 GPM
1 1/8” 250 GPM
1 1/4” 300 GPM
Maximum safe flow through a 2 1/2” handline is
300 GPM
Akron turbojet 2 1/2” fog nozzle
100 PSI nozzle pressure
125, 150, 200, and 250 GPM
Break apart feature allowing 1 3/4” to extend from play pipe.
Rotating fully clockwise will shut off nozzle even if bale is open.
Hazardous materials team carries the 100 PSI model because
It has great reach
Add ( ) PSI per floor when operating above ground level
5 PSI
A desired flow of 200 GPM from the Akron turbojet 75 PSI fog nozzle would require
Increase PDP from 110 to 150 PSI
Akron turbojet 100 PSI for nozzle. A discharge pressure of ( ) would allow operator to select 95, 125 or 150 GPM
135 PSI
Akron turbojet 100 PSI fog nozzle. Increase PDP from ( ) to ( ) to get a desired flow of 200 GPM
135PSI to 175 PSI
Two firefighter may be required for safe handling
High rise packs
Three 65’ of JFRD “high rise spec” 2 1/2” hose
One 2 1/2” lightweight nozzle equipped the following way. Bail shut off, mini stream shaper, short stack tips (size 1 1/8” and 1/2” low flow)
High rise bag
High rise bag consists of
2 1/2” in-line pressure gauge, 2 1/2” gate ball valve, lightweight elbow, 1 1/2” X 2 1/2” increaser, 1 1/2” fog nozzle, 2 spanned wrenches, marking device, 6 disposable glow sticks, 14-18” pipe wrench, flat blade screwdriver, Phillips head screwdriver, Allen wrenches, 6-8” crescent wrench.
Attic nozzle
6’ and 2’ 1 1/2” aluminum pipe
1 1/2” X 2 1/2” increaser and standard 2 1/2” play pipe
Nozzles covers 1000 sq. Ft.
Flows 125 GPM at 100 PSI
It is ideal for fires caused by lightning strikes
Attic nozzle
Each engine shall carry enough foam concentrate to convert the booster tank water into finished foam
Minimum of 15-18 gallons of concentrate
3gallons per 100 gallons of tank capacity
Each tanker shall carry enough foam concentrate to convert the 2500 gallon tank into finished foam
Minimum of 75 gallons of concentrate or 15 pails
3 gallons per 100 gallons of tank capacity
Maximum distance between edcuctor and nozzle
75 PSI nozzle max distance is 250’
100 PSI nozzle max distance is 150’
Foam eductor requires and inlet pressure of
200 PSI
With an inlet pressure less than 200 PSI
The eductor will draw more foam, and run out quicker
The ( ) and station () carry several large caliber master stream appliances for foam and dry chemicals
Hazmat team and station 37
Engines (), (), and () also carry the Akron 250 GPM eductor and foam tube.
7, 21, and 31
Akron 250 GPM eductor and foam tube is used with
2 1/2” hose and Akron turbojet nozzle, this step up to 300’ between eductor and nozzle
Total JFRD foam capacity is
Approximately 20,000 gallons
24 ft extension ladder
First story roof access
Second story window access
Second story balcony access
14 ft roof ladder
First story roof access
Interior access (tall ceilings)
Roof work with hooks deployed
10 Ft attic ladder
Interior scuttle access
Interior attic access
Some first story windows
Some companies also carry sodium bicarbonate extinguishers
Effective on class B and C fires
Generator
A twin cylinder diesel motor powers the 10 kilowatt generator.
Received fuel from main fuel tank and has electric start switch on pump panel and dashboard
Powers 5 scene lights and a 30 amp cord reel
Winch
Powered by 12 VDC receptacles
100’ wire rope
9000 lb pulling capacity
Residual pressure
Is only displayed on the intake gauge when the supply side of the pump is under pressure
If the drop is less than 10%
You can add 3 or more lines of equal GPM
If the drop is 10%-20%
You can add 2 or more lines of equal GPM
If the drop is 20%-25%
You can add 1 more line of equal GPM
If the drop exceeds 25%
You may be able to pump smaller lines only
A static line cannot be
Gated
Master stream fog nozzle
100 PSI
Flow of 500, 750, 1000, and 1250
Master stream smooth bore
80 PSI
1 1/4” 400 GPM
1 3/8” 500 GPM
1 1/2” 600 GPM
1 3/4” 800 GPM
2” 1000 GPM
Add () for friction loss in the appliance
10-25 PSI
Add () FL for each 100’ of 2 1/2” Siamese hose for friction loss
25 PSI
The maximum height for drafting is
25’ feet, measured from the water surface to the steamer connection
It takes () to dump 2500 gallons of water from the quick dump valve
2-3 minutes
Recommend PDP for tanker filling is
100 PSI
GPM that can be delivered by the tanker shuttle
GPM
Tanker gallons divided by time
