Engineer Flashcards
CAL FIRE OBJECTIVE
Keep 95% of fires under 10 ACRES
CAL FIRE MISSION STATEMENT
Serve and safe guard the people, protect the property and resources of California
CAL FIRE VISION STATEMENT
To be a leader in fire PREVENTION and PROTECTION, EMERGENCY RESPONSE and NATURAL RESOURCE PROTECTION.
CAL FIRE STRATEGIC GOALS
- Communicate the Department’s mission and vision to employees, partners, stakeholders
- Scale to changing budgetary, fiscal, and regulatory conditions
- Seek to improve operational efficiency and effectiveness
- Strengthen relationship with stakeholders, governing bodies, cooperators, and public
- Emphasize and enhances employee, health and safety
- Highly motivated and well-trained workforce
CAL FIRE VALUES
Service
• We are committed to the safety and well-being of the public and our employees.
• We strive for excellence and professionalism.
• We maintain a can-do attitude and humility in the execution of our duties.
Cooperation
• We care about each other and our service to others, including cooperators, governing
bodies, and the public.
• We build and maintain cooperative relationships across the State to benefit the public
we serve.
• We allow every member of the Department a voice within a chain-of-command
structure.
Protection
• We integrate resource management, fire protection, and fire prevention
missions on behalf of the State and local communities.
• We strive to ensure a high level of environmental protection in all our
programs and operations.
Organizational Excellence
• We value the diversity among our employees and the vital functions
• They perform to enhance our mission.
• We exhibit calm resilience and performance in the face of emergencies and disasters
• We recognize the importance of clear and consistent communication.
• We embrace and support innovation.
6 CONTRACT COUNTIES
- MARIN
- SANTA BARBARA
- VENTURA
- LA
- ORANGE
- KERN
10 STANDARD FIREFIGHTING ORDERS
- Keep informed on fire weather conditions and forecasts.
- Know what your fire is doing at all times.
- Base all actions on current and expected behavior of the fire.
- Identify escape routes and safety zones, and make them known.
- Post lookouts when there is possible danger.
- Be alert. Keep calm. Think clearly. Act decisively.
- Maintain prompt communications with your forces, your supervisor, and adjoining forces.
- Give clear instructions and be sure they are understood.
- Maintain control of your forces at all times.
- Fight fire aggressively, having provided for safety first.
DOWNHILL CHECKLIST
- Discuss assignments with crew supervisor(s).
- Decision is made after proposed fireline has been scouted by supervisor(s).
- Coordinate LCES for all personnel involved.
- Use direct attack whenever possible
- Fire line will not lie in or adjacent to a chute or chimney.
- Starting point will be anchored for crew(s)
- Monitor bottom of fire
18 WATCH OUT SITUATIONS
- Fire not scouted and sized up.
- In country not seen in daylight.
- Safety zones and escape routes not identified.
- Unfamiliar with weather and local factors influencing fire behavior.
- Uninformed on strategy, tactics, and hazards.
- Instructions and assignments not clear.
- No communication link with crew members or supervisor.
- Constructing line without safe anchor point.
- Building fire line downhill with fire below.
- Attempting frontal assault on fire.
- Unburned fuel between you and fire.
- Cannot see main fire; not in contact with someone who can.
- On a hillside where rolling material can ignite fuel below.
- Weather becoming hotter and drier.
- Wind increases and/or changes direction.
- Getting frequent spot fires across line.
- Terrain and fuels make escape to safety zones difficult.
- Taking a nap near fire line.
LOOK UP, LOOK DOWN, LOOK ALL AROUND
FUEL MOISTURE • RH less than 25% • 10 HR. fuel moisture less than 6% • Drought conditions • Seasonal drying FUEL TEMPERATURE • High temps above 85F • High percent of fuels in direct sun • Fuel temp is increasing WIND • Surface winds above 10 MPH • Lenticular clouds • High, fast moving clouds • Cold fronts • Cumulonimbus Development • Sudden calm • Battling or shifting winds TERRAIN • Steep slopes above 50% • Chutes • Chimneys • Box canyons • Saddles • Narrow canyons FIRE BEHAVIOR • Leaning, sheared, changing or well-developed column • Trees torching • Smoldering fires picking up • Fire whirls • Frequent spot fires
MINIMUM RETARDANT DROP HEIGHTS
- SEAT (800Gal.)= 60 ft. AGL
- SUPER SCOOPER= (CL 215/415) = 100 ft. AGL
- LAT (P2, SP2H, P3, DC7, C130)(1800-3000Gal.) = 150 ft. AGL
- VLAT (DC10, 747) = 300 ft. AGL
8 AIR TANKER LIMITATIONS
• TERRAIN
• FIRE BEHAVIOR
• FUELS
• WINDS ABOVE 24MPH
• AVAILABLE FLIGHT TIME
• TURNAROUND
• ENVIRONMENTAL
• VISIBILITY
*Pilots are limited to 7 HOURS flight time then required 10 HOURS rest
*Aircraft won’t drop within 300’ of a waterway
*If retardant drops cause damage give STD268 form to citizen then fill out STD275
TACTICAL INTERPRETATIONS FROM FLAME LENGTHS
- LESS THAN 4’ FEET=Hand tools, hand line, attack the head
- 4’-8’ FEET= Engines, dozers, retardant drops
- 8’-11’ FEET= Control problems especially at head, torching crowning, spotting
- OVER 11’ FEET= Crowning, Spotting and major fire runs, control of head ineffective
ICS ENGINE TYPING STANDARDS
- TYPE 1, 400 GAL, 1000GAL pump, 1200’ of 2 ½” hose, 400’ of 1 ½” hose
- TYPE 2, 400 GAL, 500 GAL pump, 1000’ of 2 ½” hose, 500” of 1 ½” hose
- TYPE 3, 300 GAL, 120 GAL pump, 1000’ of 1 ½” hose
- TYPE 4, 200 GAL, 5 GAL pump, 300’ of 1 ½” hose
AIR TANKER ICS TYPING
- TYPE 1= 3000+ GAL
- TYPE 2= 1800+ GAL
- TYPE 3= 800+ GAL
- TYPE 4= 100+ GAL
HELICOPTER ICS TYPING
- TYPE 1= 1100+ GAL
- TYPE 2= 300+ GAL
- TYPE 3= 100+ GAL
BULLDOZER ICS TYPING
- TYPE 1= 200HP
- TYPE 2= 100HP
- TYPE 3= 50HP
3 WILDLAND STRATEGIC MODES
- Direct
- Indirect
- Combination
5 WILDLAND TACTICAL CONTROL ACTIONS
- PINCER
- TANDEM
- FLANKING
- ENVELOPEMENT
- FIRING OPERATIONS
FIVE “S” OF HAND TOOLS
- SHARP
- STRAIGHT
- SMOOTH
- SECURE
- STRONG
3 STRIPES YOU’RE OUT
- TITLE 8 CCR 2946
- 3” wide red and white flagging
- Do not enter or cross
- Use “Emergency Traffic” to announce hazard
- Use illumination if possible
- Flagging 18” to 24” apart
NATIONAL FIRE DANGER RATING SYSTEM (NFDRS)
- IGNITION COMPONENT= Probability a fire brand will start a fire requiring suppression
- SPREAD COMPONENT= Forward rate of spread in feet per minute
- BURNING INDEX= Flame length in feet divided by 10
- 1000 HOUR FM CONTENT= Current Fuel Moisture of 3”-8”
- ENERGY RELEASE COMPONENT= Available energy in BTU per SQ. FT. at head of fire
RATE OF SPREAD
• SLOW No movement • MODERATE Less than 1 MPH • DANGEROUS 1-3MPH • CRITICAL 3 MPH+ (doubles with every 20% increase in slope)
