Engine Operations

Question 1

strategy vs. tactics

p. 11

Answer 1

general plan vs. specific actions

Question 2

“own water”

p. 29

Answer 2

when a hydrant is close enough to optimal first-due engine positioning w/out using a supply engine

Question 3

Announcing “own water” will redirect ____ from the hydrant.

p. 29

Answer 3

the second-due engine

Question 4

“forward lay”

p. 29

Answer 4

first-due engine drops a supply line at a hydrant before driving to the incident location ; another engine company secures water for the first-due engine

Question 5

In a forward lay, where does the first-due engine drop its supply line?

p. 29

Answer 5

at the closest hydrant preceding the incident

Question 6

“split lay”

p. 30

Answer 6

performed when an incident is at or near an intersection, if the location has a long driveway, or if the location is otherwise restricted in access

Question 7

In a split lay, the next-arriving engine must…

p. 30

Answer 7

…continue the split to the hydrant on the next street.

Question 8

“reverse lay”

p. 31

Answer 8

when the second-arriving engine drops supply line at the first-arriving engine and then proceeds to the hydrant

Question 9

What elements may prevent a supply engine from passing the incident?

p. 31

Answer 9

1. narrow streets
2. street parking
3. poorly positined first-arriving units

Question 10

For rural water incidents, supply line must be ____.

p. 31

Answer 10

laid out from a feasible location for an engine or tanker to supply from a static water source.

Question 11

An engine company’s primary function is ____.

p. 31

Answer 11

stretching and operating hoselines

Question 12

An incident’s success is most often defined by ____.

p. 31

Answer 12

the initial hoseline’s success.

Question 13

What saves more lives and conserves more property than any other fireground operation?

p. 31

Answer 13

Efficient deployment, appropriate positioning, and effective application of fire streams.

Question 14

What determines the flow required to extinguish a fire?

p. 32

Answer 14

Fire size and intensity.

Question 15

Most residential fires require a flow rate of ____ and a ____ hoseline.

p. 32

Answer 15

100-200 gpm ; 1 3/4”

Question 16

The 2 1/2” hoseline is appropriate for ____ and often requires ____ firefighters to advance.

p. 32

Answer 16

commercial buildings, exterior attacks, exposures ; up to 6

Question 17

“estimating the stretch”

p. 32

Answer 17

determining the needed length of hose

Question 18

Accurately estimating the stretch can prevent ____ and ____.

p. 32

Answer 18

stretching short ; overstretching

Question 19

Estimating the stretch formula:

p. 33

Answer 19

setback + width of building + length of building + 1/2 length per floor + 1 length at the point of attack

Question 20

“setback”

p. 33

Answer 20

distance from the engine to the building entrance

Question 21

The average residential roadway width is approximately ____.

p. 33

Answer 21

12 feet

Question 22

The modern single-vehicle driveway is approximately ____.

p. 33

Answer 22

12 ft. wide x 25 ft. long

Question 23

The average sedan or SUV is approximately ____.

p. 34

Answer 23

6 ft. wide x 15 ft. long

Question 24

____ feet of hoseline can cover each floor of a typical NOVA single-family dwelling.

p. 34

Answer 24

50

Question 25

Before deploying a second hoseline, what must happen?

p. 42

Answer 25

Ensure the primary hoseline is in place and progressing.

Question 26

Where is the preferred location for door chocks, and why?

p. 42

Answer 26

Low, so personnel can quickly remove them while retreating under advancing fire conditions.

Question 27

In the NOVA region, most firefighting nozzles have ____.

p. 42

Answer 27

fixed-gallonage combination fog and smooth-bore nozzles

Question 28

Personnel should use a straight or solid stream for ____.

p. 42-43

Answer 28

interior fire suppression

Question 29

The fixed-gallonage combination fog nozzle is rated to deliver ____.

p. 43

Answer 29

a specific amount of water at a specific nozzle pressure

Question 30

The combination fog nozzle traditional operates at ____ psi.

p. 43

Answer 30

100

Question 31

How would a wide-fog pattern work in a super-heated environment?

p. 43

Answer 31

Tiny water droplets entrain a significant amount of air and convert to steam w/ an expension ratio of 1,700:1 at 212°F. Avoid during interior fire suppression.

Question 32

Why is the straight stream preferred for interior fire suppression?

p. 43

Answer 32

Although made of tiny water droplets, the stream remains relatively intact and air entrainment is comparable in volume to solid streams.

Question 33

Which nozzle delivers a solid stream of water from a fixed orifice?

p. 43

Answer 33

Smooth-bore

Question 34

The rate of water delivery from a fixed orifice depends on ____.

p. 43

Answer 34

Nozzle pressure

Question 35

Standard nozzle pressure for smooth-bore hand lines is ____.

p. 43

Answer 35

50 psi

Question 36

For master-stream operations utilizing a smooth-bore nozzle, the standard nozzle pressure is ____.

p. 43

Answer 36

80 psi

Question 37

Formula to determine flow rate from smooth-bore nozzles:

p. 43

Answer 37

Question 38

Smooth-bore nozzle orifices should not exceed ____.

p. 43

Answer 38

half the diameter of the hose to which they are affixed.

Question 39

“nozzle reaction”

p. 44

Answer 39

Force produced at the nozzle and transmitted backward while flowing water.

Question 40

Increasing/decreasing ____ or ____ will affect nozzle reaction.

p. 44

Answer 40

nozzle pressure ; flow

Question 41

Formula for nozzle reaction for combination fog nozzles:

p. 44

Answer 41

.0505 = a constant
Q = quantity in GPM
NP = nozzle pressure

Question 42

Formula for nozzle reaction for smooth bore nozzles:

p. 44

Answer 42

1.57 = a constant
D = diameter of the hose
NP = nozzle pressure

Question 43

“master stream”

p. 45

Answer 43

Any stream flowing 350 gpm or more.

Question 44

Which nozzle has distinct advantages when used on master stream devices? Why?

p. 46

Answer 44

Smooth-bore. Combination fog nozzles deliver a straight stream that is formed after leaving the nozzle and is more susceptible to wind and thermal columns.

Question 45

NFPA 1964 allows for a pressure vairance of ____ on automatic combination nozzles.

p. 46

Answer 45

± 15 psi from its rated pressure.

Question 46

Why should automatic combination nozzles be avoided for master streams and when combating large-volume fires?

p. 46

Answer 46

Increased fire-stream velocity helps lessen impacts of wind and heat on the fire stream and allows the stream to hit harder and distribute water better.

Question 47

Formula for stream velocity:

Answer 47

12.14 * √NP = ft/s

Question 48

The engine driver’s ultimate responsibility is ____.

p. 52

Answer 48

safe delivery of personnel to and from the scene.

Question 49

List considerations for best engine positioning for a reported fire.

p. 52

Answer 49

1) Create most direct access for attack lines.
2) Allow truck company to the front.
3) Consider how hydrant position and supply hose/intake selection will affect later-arriving units.

Question 50

How should engine drivers ideally communicate to establish water supply?

p. 52

Answer 50

Face-to-face to reduce radio traffic.

Question 51

A driver must inform the officer when the engine’s booster tank ____.

p. 52-53

Answer 51

reaches half capacity.

Question 52

Before charging additional hoselines, ____.

p. 53

Answer 52

a water supply should be established.

Question 53

In what situations might an additional hoseline need to be charged before establishing a water supply?

p. 53

Answer 53

1) exposure protection
2) line to the attic
3) RIT use
4) controlling exterior fires

Question 54

If later-arriving units have longer response times, an engine driver should be prepared to ____.

p. 53

Answer 54

Complete nontraditional duties (place ladders, advance hoselines from the exterior, etc.)

Question 55

Firefighters can shorten response times by ____, not ____.

p. 58

Answer 55

turning out quicky ; reckless driving

Question 56

What is the role of the engine driver if a building is standpipe equipped?

p. 58

Answer 56

Remain at the engine while other crew investigate.

Question 57

First-due engine driver responsibilities include:

p. 59

Answer 57

1) Position to allow rapid deployment of hoselines.
2) Allow priority positioning for trucks.
3) Establish primary water supply.

Question 58

Second-due engine driver responsibilities include:

p. 59

Answer 58

1) Ensure primary water is established.
2) Position to not imede other units.
3) Redirect away from the hydrant if first engine has their own water.

Question 59

Third-due engine driver responsibilities include:

p. 59

Answer 59

1) Establish secondary water supply.
2) Position on side opposite of first-due engine, if possible.
3) Coordinate with fourth-due engine.

Question 60

Fourth-due engine driver responsibilities include:

p. 60

Answer 60

1) Ensure secondary water supply.
2) RIT.