Engine Company Operations Flashcards
Describe flash over
Stage when all surface & objects within a space are heated to their ignition temperature
What 4 items are in the Fire Tetrahedron?
Oxygen, Heat, Fuel, Chain Reaction
An explosion that occurs when additional oxygen is introduced into a smoldering fire is called a _______?
BACKDRAFT
What stage does a backdraft usually occur in?
The decay stage
What are warning signs of a backdraft?
heavy dense smoke with no visible flame
black smoke pushing around closed doors/windows
glass stained windows
reversal of air movement
What is rollover?
flames present in layers of smoke as a result of heated gases are pushed under pressure. This is a sign of FLASHOVER
A tendency of gases to form into layers according to ___________?
temperature
What is pyrolysis?
Pyrolysis is when solid fuels are heated, combustible gases are driven from the substance
What are the 4 stages of fire growth?
Incipient
Growth
Fully Developed
Decay
The amount of energy released over time is called ________?
heat release rate
Who identifies ventilation needs?
The officer
Proper ventilation accomplishes??
decreases likelihood of flash over/rapid fire development and increases FF safety and occupants
How many feet way from the window should the nozzle be placed during Hydraulic ventilation?
2 feet from window and fill window 80%
What is the primary goal of the exposure line?
to minimize fire spread
When smoke is from floor to ceiling, where should you check ?
Check the floor below or basment
Threats to safety on the fire ground are primarily in two categories
advanced fire conditions & collapse potential
What is the human threshold of heat?
212*F
What is the primary cause of fire deaths ?
CO , unconscious within 4 to 12 seconds @200,000ppm
10% or less of oxygen =’s
DEATH
Increasing chances of survival greatly increases by …..
Shutting doors & creating barriers
A coordinated & specific relocation of units from an area deemed untenable to a specific area deemed safe to continue operating is a ______ withdraw?
TACTICAL WITHDRAW
Immediate evacuation of all personnel from an unsafe structure, or other dangerous area is a _________?
Emergency Evacuation
What strategy mode is taking direct action to mitigate the problem & used with a life hazard exists or fire can be extinguished without total destruction?
OFFENSIVE mode
Which mode is an effort of trying to prevent the area around the structure from being damaged, the fire building is not savable and the objective is to stop fire from spreading to exposures that are savable ?
DEFENSIVE mode
In a transitional mode how do the engine companies with draw?
From the top down, after withdraw check air status
What is the expansion of water to steam ratio using a fog nozzle?
1:1,700 @ 212*F
A direct attack applies streams where?
apply water directly to the seat of the fire, sweeping the floor to cool embers
Attacking the fire from a doorway, window, or other protected area not entering the fire area is an ________ attack.
INDIRECT attack
Should you use an indirect attack where firefighters or victims may be located?
NO
What is the reach with smooth bore or straight steam on a quick attack monitors?
185 feet
Wide fog reach with an quick attack monitor is _____?
25 feet
Penciling decreases building heat in a compartment by _____ to ____%
reduces heat by 50 to 60%
What is the accepted practice for communications?
Use last names. Must be within sight, sound, or touch
How do you estimate the stretch?
setback+width of building+length+1/2length per foor+ 1 length at point of attack
Parking spaces are ____ feet
10
telephone poles are approx _____ feet apart
75
How many lengths should you have for the fire floor?
2 lengths
Should lines be completely stretched if the location of the fire is not known?
No, not until location is known
When is a split lay used?
When distances from the hydrant to the scene is too great or when the 1st engine will not pass the hydrant enroute to the scene
What two options does the first engine have for command?
Hold Command or Request to transfer command
When should the 1st Engine hold command?
when investigating with 1-2 units
If more than 3 units engine officers should not maintain command for the entire incident.
When should the 1st Engine transfer command ?
When initiating offensive operations, request through 1st due BFC
When does transfer of command occur?
after size up
If the door to the fire area is found open and entry is not entering the officer shall, do what with the door?
close the door
