Energy Transfers Flashcards
Give an example of a chemical store
battery
coal- fuel
food
Give an example of a nuclear store
Uranium in a nuclear power station
Fusion occurring in the Sun
Name the energy store depleted and filled when a roller coaster accelerates down the first slope.
Gravitational store of the roller coaster is being depleted
Kinetic store of the roller coaster is being filled along with the thermal store of the track, wheels and surroundings.
Energy is also shifted/transferred away via radiation of sound
What is the law of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only transferred from one store to another.
Use the conservation of energy to work out how much energy is used for respiration in a cow.
Conservation of energy is energy cannot be created nor destroyed, it is only transferred from one store to another.
100kJ = Energy In
4kJ + 63kJ + ? = Energy Out
33kJ of energy goes to respiration in the cow
Give an example of a kinetic store
car, moving
spaceship, moving
bullet moving
generator turning
Give an example of a thermal store
hot pan
hot water in a kettle
the filament in a toaster
a human body
What are the 8 stores of energy?
Chemical
Thermal
Gravitational
Kinetic
Vibrational
Nuclear
Electrostatic & magnetic
Elastic
How does energy transfer or shift from a stretched elastic in a catapult to moving stone?
mechanically- elastic exerts a force on the stone
- Elastic store of elastic is emptied*
- Kinetic store of stone is filled*
What energy store is depleted and which energy store is filled when the popper toy is release.
How is this energy transferred from one store to another?
Elastic store of popper toy is depleted
Kinetic store of popper toy is filled
This energy is transferred mechanically via a spring force
Give an example of electrostatic & magnetic energy store
(one of each!)
Electrostatic
Two similarly charged particles near each other
Charged van de Graaf generator
Magnetic
North and north pole of a magnet pushed together
North pole of a magnet and south pole of an electromagnet pulling in a speaker cone
What is the equation for efficiency?
Give an example of gravitational store
Water behind a dam
Person at the top of a slide
Spaceship in orbit around Earth
How does energy transfer or shift from a stretched elastic in a catapult to moving stone?
mechanically- elastic exerts a force on the stone
- Elastic store of elastic is emptied*
- Kinetic store of stone is filled*
What store of energy does this boulder possess?
Gravitational store
How is energy shifted/transferred from the gravitational store of the rollercoaster to kinetic store of the rollercoaster as it accelerates down the slope?
Energy is shifted mechanically by the force of gravity
What energy store does this hot cup of tea have?
Thermal store
What energy store is depleted and which energy store is filled when the popper toy is moving upward.
How is the energy transferred from one store to another?
Kinetic store of popper toy is depleted
Gravitational store of popper is filled
Energy is transferred mechanically via the force of gravity
What energy store is depleted and which energy store is filled when the popper toy is release.
How is this energy transferred from one store to another?
Elastic store of popper toy is depleted
Kinetic store of popper toy is filled
This energy is transferred mechanically via a spring force
Give an example of an elastic store
stretched elastic in a catapult
bent ruler
stretched spring in a clockwork toy
How is Sankey diagram constructed?
- using graph paper
- create a scale- e.g. one small square = 10J
If Total Energy In is= 200J arrow should be 20 squares in width to start.
Useful Energy Out - straight arrow forward
5 squares = 50J
-Wasted Energy Out -arrow curling downward
15 squares = 150J
List the four ways in which energy can be shifted or transferred
mechnically- by a force
electrically- movement of charge
radiation- light or sound
heating- hot to cold
What energy store is being filled as this hot cup of tea cools?
Thermal store of surroundings (air, table etc)
What is conduction?
Conduction occurs when heat is transferred through a material from particle to particle
Energy is stored chemically in the match.
How is energy transferred or shifted from the match?
Which energy store is being filled?
Chemical store the match is emptied.
This energy is shifted/transferred away from the match by radiation (light) and heating to the surroundings.
The thermal store of the surrounding is being filled
What energy store is depleted and which energy store is filled as water rushes down the tunnels from a hydroelectric dam to the turbines below?
Gravitational store of the water is depleted and kinetic store of water is filled.
Which cup will radiate the most heat?
The cup at 80°C will radiate the most heat to the surroundings.
The greater the temperature difference the greater the rate of heat transfer.
A cannon ball used explosives to launch a ball into the air. Which is an unwanted energy transfer that occurs whent he cannon is fired?
A. Chemical store of explosives –> kinetic store of ball
B. Chemical store of explosives –> Gravitational store of ball
C. Chemical store of explosives –> Thermal store of ball
C. Chemical store of explosives –> Thermal store of ball
