Energy Transfer in the Biosphere Flashcards
All organisms need what to live?
Energy
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
The first law of thermodynamics is that energy cannot be created or destroyed
If energy can not be created, where did the energy came from?
The sun
What is Albedo?
Albedo refers to the amount of energy reflected by the clouds, water, and land.
Energy can be converted into different forms. Radiant energy from the sun that does reach the earth is converted into various forms of usable energy by living things.
Energy can be converted into different forms. Radiant energy from the sun that does reach the earth is converted into various forms of usable energy by living things.
List the path of energy flow through our biosphere in order
Sun, plants, glucose, animals, ATP
The portion of the sun’s energy that reaches the ground is used by..
Producers for photosynthesis (producer = plants)
Producers (plants, algae and some bacteria) converts radiant energy into..
Chemical energy
Chemical energy is stored in the bonds of
Carbohydrates / Glucose
After producers make chemical energy, the energy is stored in glucose which is used to..
fuel cellular activities like cellular respiration
Autotrophs are also known as..
producers. They use the sun to create they’re own food
What is different kind of producer?
Chemosynthesis
Microorganisms who lives under deep dark sea without light uses what to produce their own carbohydrate based energy?
they use hydrogen sulphide to produce their own carbohydrate energy
what is the chemosynthesis formula?
CO2 + 4 H2S + O2 –> CH2O + 4 S + 3 H2O
What is ecology?
A study of interactions between organisms and their environment
List the 4 ecology in order from smallest to largest
Organism, population, community (more than one population make a community) and ecosystem
The product of chemosynthesis is..
sulphuric acid instead of oxygen
In cellular respiration, how does consumers obtain energy?
Eating producers or other consumers
ATP from cellular respiration is burned to..
power our cellular process
When ATP from cellular respiration is burned to transform to usable energy, what are the 2 energy?
Kinetic energy (for us to move) and thermal energy (to keep us warm)
Heterotrophs are consumers that..
obtain their energy from other organisms (eating them)
like secondary consumers and tertiary consumers
In fermentation, anaerobic environments with heterotrophs (usually bacteria) are able to perform cellular respiration w..
without oxygen
Anaerobic bacteria that produces different by-products is a result of..
fermentation
List the 4 consumers
Primary consumers, secondary consumers, tertiary consumers and decomposers
Primary consumers do not get their energy from consumers, they get it from..
eating plants ( herbivores - organisms that only eat plants)
Secondary consumers get their energy mainly from eating consumers, they get it from eating..
herbivores ( Omnivores or carnivores)
- ex. Spiders, frogs (eats insects and some plants)
Tertiary consumers are organisms that eat..
Carnivores ( TRUE carnivores)
- ex. lions, wolves (they only eat animals)
Decomposers are organisms that take..
left overs or waste matter
- ex. bacteria, some insects (they eat the left over dead bodies)
How does energy cycle?
Energy is taken from sun, producers take sun energy and convert to glucose and oxygen through photosynthesis.
Consumers take glucose through cellular respiration and release carbon dioxide and water (which producers need to perform photosynthesis)
then it cycles
