Energy storage Flashcards
What is energy storage?
Energy storage captures energy for later use, balancing supply and demand.
Name three types of energy storage technologies.
Batteries, pumped hydro storage, flywheels.
How do lithium-ion batteries work?
Store energy through chemical reactions between lithium ions and electrodes.
What is pumped hydro storage?
Water is pumped to a higher elevation and released to generate electricity during high demand.
Explain how flywheels store energy.
Flywheels store kinetic energy by spinning a mass at high speed.
What is the difference between power density and energy density?
Power density relates to the rate of energy release, while energy density relates to total energy stored.
What is the round-trip efficiency of an energy storage system?
The ratio of energy output to energy input over a full charge/discharge cycle.
What is a flow battery?
A type of battery where electrolytes are stored in tanks, allowing long-duration storage.
How does hydrogen storage work?
Excess electricity is used for electrolysis, splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen for storage.
What is a supercapacitor?
A device that stores energy electrostatically for short bursts of power.
What is the main advantage of lithium-ion batteries?
High energy density and fast response time.
What is the main disadvantage of lithium-ion batteries?
Limited lifespan and sensitivity to heat.
Explain the concept of self-discharge in batteries.
Energy loss over time when a battery is not in use.
What is the main limitation of pumped hydro storage?
Geographical constraints and high upfront costs.
Define grid-scale storage.
Energy storage systems designed for large-scale grid balancing.
