energy storage Flashcards
what problems does energy storage over come
1) a larger quanity of fuel can be accumulated for economic transportation
2) energy production rates can be kept constant for the most economic uses
3) any surplus energy from intermittent supplies can be stored until needed
what are the causes in fluctuations of energy supply
1) use of intermittent energy resources
2) bulk delivery of transported energy resources
what are the causes of fluctuations in energy demand
1) short term weather fluctuations
2) seasonal fluctuations
3) 24 hour fluctuations
4) fluctuations in demand such as TV uses
outline peak shaving using pump-storage HEP
1) surplus electricity is use to pump water uphill which stores it as GPE
2) this GPE can be converted to kinetic energy through the flowing water into the lower reservoir generating electricity to meet peaks in demand
out line the use in chemical energy storage
1) stored fossil fuels, biofuels and hydrogen store chemical energy
2) batteries and fuel cells can be used to store chemical energy
3) rechargeable batteries enable original chemicals to be reformed using electricity so batteries can be reused
4) however, for fuel cells to continue to operate new fuel and oxidant chemicals must be supplied
what factors effect the viability of rechargeable batteries
1) efficiency of the storage cycle
2) number of charge-discharge cycles that can be carried out
3) energy density
4) cost per unit energy stored
5) recharging speed
6) safety issues such as toxicity or fire risk
outline the use of compressed gas
1) surplus energy can be used to drive a pump that compresses air
2) the compressed air can be released later to power machinery
3) compressed air produces a lot of heat which can also be stored
list the developments in energy storage technology
1) peak shaving using pumped storage HEP
2) compressed gas
3) chemical energy- rechargeable batteries
list the developments in energy storage technology
1) peak shaving using pumped storage HEP
2) compressed gas
3) chemical energy- rechargeable batteries
list some types of storage systems
1) vehicle to gird systems 2 )power to gas systems 3) heat energy 4) high volume storage 5) molten salt 6) high thermal mass building materials 7) kinetic energy 8) electricity super capacitors
outline vehicle to grid systems
1) energy is transferred between the national electricity grid and vehicle batteries
2) proposed that all vehicles plugged into the grid when parked can be used if there is a peak in demand and a small proportion of the electricity of the battery may be used
3) surplus energy of the grid can also be used to recharge vehicle batteries
outline power to gas systems
surplus electricity is used to produce gaseous fuel which can be stored
water is electrolysed to produce hydrogen which can be used to produce methane that can be fed into the natural gas pipe network
