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Energy Sources Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the non renewable energy resources

A

Coal
Oil
Natural gas
Nuclear fuels

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2
Q

What are the two nuclear fuels

A

Uranium

Plotonium

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3
Q

Will renewable energy resources run out

A

No

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4
Q

What are the renewable energy resources

A 
Wind 
Waves 
Tides
Hydroelectric 
Solar 
Geothermal 
Food 
Biofuels
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5
Q

What can energy sources do when they are burned

A

Drive turbines in power stations

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6
Q

What are the four basic features of a power station

A

Fossil fuels is burned to convert its stored chemical energy into heat energy.
The heat energy is used to heat water to produce steam
The steam turns a turbine converting heat energy into kinetic energy
The turbine is connected to a generator which transfers kinetic energy into electrical energy

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7
Q

Nuclear reactors are just like…

A

Fancy boilers

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8
Q

Will non renewable energy resources run out?

A

Yes

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9
Q

What does wind power involve

A

Lots of windmills

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10
Q

Does each wind turbine have its own generator

A

Yes

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11
Q

What does electricity generated directly from the wind do

A

Turn the blades which turn the generator

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12
Q

Is there pollution from wind turbines

A

No

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13
Q

What are the cons of wind turbines

A

They spoil the view
Very noisy
No power when wind stops
Initial costs are quite high

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14
Q

What are the pros of wind power

A

Renewable source
No fuel costs
Minimal running costs
No permanent damage

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15
Q

How do solar cells generate electricity

A

Directly from the sun

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16
Q

What are the pros of solar panels

A

No pollution
Very reliable energy resource
Fee of running them is nil

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17
Q

What are the cons of solar panels

A

Only work during daytime
Not practical or too expensive to connect to the national grid
Can only be used on small homes

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18
Q

What does hydroelectric power usually require

A

The flooding of a valley by building a big dam

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19
Q

What are the cons of hydroelectric power

A

Loss of habitat
Unsightly
Can dry up
Problem with reliability as can dry up

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20
Q

What are the pros of hydroelectric power

A

No pollution
No fuel
Minimal running costs

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21
Q

What does pumped storage do

A

Give extra supply just when needed

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22
Q

Do power stations leave boilers on all night

A

Yes

23
Q

How does pumped storage work

A

Night time electricity is used to pump water up to a high reservoir

24
Q

What is good about pumped storage

A

It can be released quickly during periods of high demand

25
Q

Is pumped storage a way of generating power

A

No it is a way of storing it

26
Q

How do wave powered turbines work

A

As waves come into the shore they provide an up and down motion which can be used to drive a generator

27
Q

What are the cons of wave powered turbines

A 
Spoils the view 
Hazards for boats 
Initial costs are high 
Can't be used to provide energy on a large scale
Fairly unreliable
28
Q

What are the pros of wave power

A

No pollution
No fuel costs
Minimal running costs
Good on an island

29
Q

What are tidal barrages

A

Big dams built across river estuaries with turbines in them

30
Q

What happens in tidal barrages when the tide comes in

A

It fills up the estuary to a height of several meters and this drives the turbines at controlled speed

31
Q

What is the source of energy for tidal barrages

A

Gravity
Sun
Moon

32
Q

What are the pros of tidal barrages

A 
No pollution
Pretty reliable
Excellent at storing energy 
No fuel
Minimal costs running
33
Q

What are the cons of tidal barrages

A

Prevent access for boats
Spoil view
Alter habitat
Initial costs are high

34
Q

What is geothermal energy

A

Heat from underground

35
Q

Where is geothermal energy only possible

A

In volcanic areas where hot rocks are quite near the surface

36
Q

How does geothermal energy work

A

Steam and hot water rise to the surface are used to drive the generator

37
Q

What are the pros of geothermal energy

A

Free energy
No environmental problems
Can heat buildings directly

38
Q

What are the cons of geothermal energy

A

There aren’t many suitable. Locations

Cost is often high

39
Q

What are biofuels made from

A

Plants

Waste

40
Q

Are biofuels a renewable energy resource

A

Yes

41
Q

What are biofuels quite similar to

A

Fossil fuels

42
Q

What are the 3 fossil fuels

A

Coal
Oil
Gas

43
Q

What is the problem with the 3 fossil fuels

A

CO2 is released

44
Q

What does burning coal and oil release

A

Sulphur dioxide

45
Q

What are the cons of biofuels

A

Large areas of the Forrest are cleared

CO2 and methane emissions

46
Q

What is carbon captures aim

A

To reduce the amount of CO2 building up in the atmosphere

47
Q

How does carbon capture work

A

Collecting the CO2 from the power stations before it can be released

48
Q

How is electricity distributed

A

Via the national grid

49
Q

Where does the national grid take energy from

A

Power stations to homes and industry

50
Q

What do you need to transmit Huge amounts of power

A

High voltage or high current

51
Q

Is it cheaper to boost the voltage current really high and keep the current really low

A

Yes

52
Q

What does it require to transmit power

A

Transformers

Big pylons with huge insulators

53
Q

What are the transformers job

A

To step up the voltage at one end for efficient transmission and bring it back to safe levels

54
Q

What are the ways to move around electrical energy

A

By cables

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