Energy Metabolism Flashcards
the sum of all chemical reactions in the body
energy metabolism
main goal of energy metabolism
maintain steady supply of ATP
series of interrelated enzyme catalyzed chemical reactions; consists of substrates and products
metabolic pathways
molecule that enters a reactions
substrate
resulting molecule form a reaction
product
release energy through breakdown of complex molecules
digestion
catabolic
requires energy to construct complex molecules
glycogen, protein synthesis, lipolysis
anabolic
metabolic pathway that produces intermediate products that can be used in both catabolic and anabolic reactions
amphibolic
protein catalysts that do not undergo change themselves but imparts change on a substrate
enzyme
the class of enzyme for hydrolysis
hydrolase
the class of enzyme that rearranges atoms within a molecule
isomerase
the class of enzyme that joins 2 or more chemicals together
ligase or polymerase
the class of enzyme that splits a chemical into smaller parts without using water
lyase
the class of enzyme that transfers electrons or hydrogen atoms from one molecule to another
oxidoreductase
the class of enzyme that moves a functional group from one molecule to another
transferase
nutrients that bind to an active site on an enzyme that help the enzyme
cofactor
accept and donate hydrogen ions and electrons
coenzyme
low ATP levels lead to this type of activity
increasing catabolic
adequate ATP levels lead to this type of activity
increasing anabolic activity
catabolism of energy yielding nutrients produce
ATP and loss of heat
what are the parts of ATP
ribose sugar, adenine and three phosphate groups
producing energy for protein synthesis, muscle contraction, active transport and nerve transmissions
role of ATP
What are the 4 stages of ATP production
- Break complex molecules into building blocks
- building blocks converted into intermediate products
- Citric Acid Cycle
- Electron Transport Chain
