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JGHS - S1 Science > Energy Matters > Flashcards

Energy Matters Flashcards

1
Q

What are the properties of a solid?

A

Solids:

  • don’t flow
  • keep the same shape
  • keep the same volume
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2
Q

What are the properties of a liquid?

A

Liquids:

  • flow
  • take the shape of the container
  • keep the same volume
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3
Q

What are the properties of a gas?

A

Gases:

  • flow
  • take the shape of the container they are in
  • fill the volume of the container they are in
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4
Q

State what is meant by the term ‘melting’.

A

A material changing state from solid to liquid.

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5
Q

State what is meant by the term ‘evaporation’.

A

A material changing state from liquid to gas.

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6
Q

State what is meant by the term ‘freezing’.

A

A material changing state from liquid to solid.

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7
Q

State what is meant by the term ‘condensation’.

A

A material changing state from gas to liquid.

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8
Q

Describe the arrangement of particles in a solid.

A

Particles in a solid are:

  • close together
  • not free to move (only vibrate)
  • arranged regularly
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9
Q

Describe the arrangement of particles in a liquid.

A

Particles in a liquid are:

  • close together
  • move around each other
  • not arranged in any order
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10
Q

Describe the arrangement of particles in a gas.

A

Particles in a gas are:

  • very far apart
  • free to move in any direction
  • not arranged in any order
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11
Q

Solid, liquid or gas?

A

Solid.

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12
Q

Solid, liquid or gas?

A

Liquid.

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13
Q

Solid liquid or gas?

A

Gas.

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14
Q

In which state of matter do the particles move around fastest?

A

Gas.

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15
Q

Describe what happens to the particles in a material when its temperature is raised.

A

The particles move faster as the temperature of a material is increased.

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16
Q

Name the 3 methods of heat transfer.

A

Conduction

Convection

Radiation

17
Q

State the name given to heat transfer through a solid.

A

Conduction.

18
Q

Explain how heat travels through a solid.

A

As a solid is heated the particles vibrate more vigorously.

They bump into nearby particles causing them to vibrate more.

This passes the heat energy along the material.

19
Q

State the name given to heat transfer through liquids and gases.

A

Convection.

20
Q

Heat rises and falls in liquids and gases as shown in the diagram.

What name is given to this process?

A

Convection current.

21
Q

Explain how the radiator heats up the air in a room.

A
  • Heater heats nearby air.
  • As nearby air warms it becomes less dense.
  • This less dense air rises.
  • Cooler, denser air takes its place.
  • A convection current is set up.
  • Heater eventually heats all air up.
22
Q

State another name for heat.

A

Infrared radiation.

23
Q

State the name given to heat transfer through a vacuum.

A

Radiation.

24
Q

Conduction of heat is the transfer of heat energy through which state(s) of matter?

A

Solid.

25
Q

Convection of heat is the transfer of heat energy through which state(s) of matter?

A

Liquids

and

Gases

26
Q

State one method of reducing heat loss in the home by convection.

A

Loft insulation.

27
Q

State one method of reducing heat loss in the home by conduction.

A

Cavity wall insulation.

Double glazing.

28
Q

Name the three heat transfer methods labelled as X, Y and Z.

A
  • X: convection
  • Y: conduction
  • Z: radiation
29
Q

Describe where heat travels from and to.

A

Heat travels from hot to cold.

30
Q

Name the fossil fuels.

A

Coal, oil and gas.

31
Q

State what is meant by the term ‘non-renewable energy’.

A

Sources of energy that will eventually run out.

32
Q

State what is meant by the term ‘renewable energy’.

A

Sources of energy that will not run out.

33
Q

Name 5 examples of renewable sources of energy.

A

Solar

Wind

Hydroelectric

Wave

Tidal

Geothermal

34
Q

State 2 advantages of using renewable sources of energy.

A
  • They will not run out.
    AND
  • Do not directly produce carbon dioxide or air pollution.
35
Q

State 2 disadvantages of using renewable sources of energy.

A
  • Not reliable (not always windy, daylight etc).
    AND
  • Only suitable in particular locations.
36
Q

Name 2 greenhouse gases.

A

Carbon dioxide

Methane

37
Q

What is climate change?

A

Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trapping the sun’s heat causing global temperatures to rise.

38
Q

State some effectsofclimate change.

A

Heat waves

Hurricanes

Floods

Droughts

Wild fires

Rising sea levels

Warming oceans

39
Q

What actions will help reduce the volume of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere?

A
  • Using more renewable energy
  • Capturing carbon dioxide produced
  • Using electric vehicles
  • Eat less meat

JGHS - S1 Science (2 decks)

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