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AS Environmental Technology > Energy from the Wind > Flashcards

Energy from the Wind Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine?

A

A turbine in which the rotor blades rotate in a vertical axis.

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2
Q

What is a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine?

A

A turbine in which the rotor blades rotate in a horizontal axis.

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3
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of HAWT?

A

Advantages:
- Produce more electricity as there are more RPM
Disadvantages:
- Produce more sound and vibration
- Heavier
- Require higher wind speed
- Turbulent wind effects their efficiency
- Cannot be used for residential areas

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4
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of VAWT?

A

Advantages:
- Don’t need to be adjusted to suit the wind direction
- Harnesses wind from any direction
- Low levels of noise produced
- Can be used for residential areas
Disadvantages:
- Produce less energy
- Not suited for high scale wind projects

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5
Q

What is an anemometer?

A

This measures wind speed.

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6
Q

What are the blades?

A

Extensions that are pushed by the kinetic energy of the wind to rotate the rotor

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7
Q

What is the controller?

A

Used to start the machine at wind speeds of 6-16mph
Shuts off the machine at 55mph to prevent damage

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8
Q

What is the function of the gearbox?

A

Connects the low speed shaft to the high speed shaft and adjusts the rotations per minute (RPM)

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9
Q

What is the generator?

A

Converts the kinetic energy of the shaft to electrical energy

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10
Q

What is the nacelle?

A

A structure located at the top of the tower, containing the gear box, low and high-speed shafts, generator, controller and brake

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11
Q

What is the function of the Brake?

A

Stops the rotor mechanically or electrically in emergencies.

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12
Q

What is the function of the Pitch system?

A

Adjusts the angle of the blades which respect to the wind direction. Prevents the rotor from collecting wind speeds that are too high/low to produce electricity.

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13
Q

What is the tower?

A

Supports the overall structure of the turbine.
Made from steel, concrete or a steel lattice

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14
Q

What is the function of the Yaw Drive?

A

Used to adjust the position (yaw) of the rotor blades to keep them facing the wind when the direction changes.

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15
Q

What is the use motor?

A

This is used to power the use drive.

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16
Q

What is the function of a Wind Vane?

A

Measures wind direction. Communicates with the yaw drive to ensure proper position with respect to the wind direction

17
Q

Kinetic Energy Equation

A

EK = 1/2 m v2

18
Q

What is the unit of Kinetic Energy?

A

Joules (J)

19
Q

What is the unit of speed?

A

meters per second (m/s)

20
Q

What unit is mass?

A

Kilograms (kg)

21
Q

Equation for power

A

P = E/T

22
Q

What unit is power measured in?

A

Watts (w)

23
Q

What unit is power measured in?

A

Watts (w)

24
Q

The equation for density

A

ρ = m / v

25
Q

What unit is density measured in?

A

grams per centimetre cubed (g/cm3)

26
Q

What is the equation for the area of a circle?

A

A = π x r2

27
Q

What is the equation for the power of the wind speed?

A

P = 1/2 ρ x A x v3

28
Q

What unit is area in this power equation?

A

m2

29
Q

What unit is speed in this power equation?

A

m/s

30
Q

How does air density affect the power available?

A

Power is directly proportional to Air Density

31
Q

How does the swept area affect the power available?

A

Power is directly proportional to the swept area.

32
Q

How does the wind velocity affect the power available?

A

Power is directly proportional to the CUBE of velocity

33
Q

If wind velocity increases by 2m/s, how does this affect the power available? and why?

A

The power available will increase by X8
(2 cubed = 8)
Power available is directly proportional to the cube of velocity

AS Environmental Technology (1 decks)

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