ENERGY - DAMS Flashcards
- the capacity to do work
Acc. Law Conservation of Energy
- it can be neither created nor destroyed
ENERGY
2 TYPES OF ENERGY
POTENTIAL & KINETIC
- stored energy that depends upon the relative position of various parts of a system
POTENTIAL
- energy of moving object
KINETIC
3 FORMS OF ENERGY
CHEMICAL - from plants to humans
MECHANICAL - energy of motion (anything that moves)
ELECTRICAL - cause an action or move an object.
2 TYPES OF ENERGY RESOURCES
RENEWABLE & NON-RENEWABLE
- smth that can produce heat, power, life, move objects or produce electricity
ENERGY RESOURCES
- produce in nature
- non-exhaustible
EX: Solar energy, Hydro Energy, Geothermal Energy, Wind Energy, Tidal Energy
RENEWABLE
- formed long ago
- accumulated in nature
- exhausted easily
- cannot be replaced
- from fossil fuels
- HEAT, PRESSURE, LONGER PERIOD OF TIME
EX: Coal, Natural Gas, Oil/Petroleum
NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY
- flow of electrons
- electricity
CURRENT
- from the deposits of plants & animals
- contains carbon & hydrogen
FOSSIL FUELS
- hard
- black-colored sedentary/metamorphic rock
- carbon hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur
- largest source of energy
COAL
- dead plant matter submerged in swamp environments subjected to the geological forces of heat & pressure
USES:
- produce steam in the railway engines
- generate electricity in thermal plants
OIL
PEAT
LIGNITE - lowest carbon content
SUBBITUMINOUS - lower concentration; most used
BITUMINOUS - enough content to yield quality; most used energy production
ANTHRACITE - highest carbon content
5 TYPES OF COAL
formed from the incomplete decomposition of plant matter under anaerobic conditions
PEAT
- crude oil/petroleum
- very strange smell
- mixture of petroleum gas, diesel, paraffin wax, petrol, lubricating oil
- BLACK GOLD
- very precious & rare
OIL
- sea animals & plants settled & got compressed by the layers of sand & clay
- HIGH PRESSURE & HIGH TEMPERATURE
USES:
- transportation
OIL
- clean & non-toxic
- no color & odor
- easily transferred thru pipelines
- found near oil deposits
NATURAL GAS
- from ancient marine microorganisms (PHYTOPLANKTON & ZOOPLANKTON) mixed with organic-rich mud
- atmosphere
- transforming shale into waxy material called KEROGEN
- RISING TEMPERATURE & PRESSURE
USES:
- generating power
- used in kitchen for cooking
- fuels in automobiles
NATURAL GAS
- heat deprived within the sub-surface of the earth
- from the earth’s core
- HEATING & COOLING thru HEAT PUMPS/HARNESSED
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
- taps the heat close to the earth’s surface to heat water
- pumping water or a refrigerant thru pipe below the earth’s surface
50-60 F - used in ICELAND
GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMPS
3 TYPES OF GEO PUMPS
DRY STEAM PLANTS
FLASH STEAM PLANTS
BINARY CYCLE PLANTS
- PIPED directly from geo reservoirs into generators
- steam spins turbines to generate electricity
DRY STEAM PLANTS
- WATERS BET 300 - 700 F brought THRU A WELL
FLASH STEAM PLANTS
