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Energy Conservation > Energy Conservation Midterm > Flashcards

Energy Conservation Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

What can you do to be part of an International effort to conserve energy?

A

By making the wisest choice of energy sources and cutting consumption and demand wherever possible

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2
Q

What historical factors led to development of CES (Certified Energy Specialist)?

A

Clean Air Act of 1970, Kyoto Protocol of 2005, Montreal Protocol of 1987

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3
Q

What environmental factors led to the CES (Certified Energy Specialist)?

A

Dimishing fuel, ozone layer depletion, global climate change

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4
Q

How does energy conservation benefit the environment?

A

Less pollution and less destruction of natural habitat

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5
Q

How does energy conservation preserve natural resources?

A

By making the wisest choice of energy sources and cutting consumption and demand wherever possible, which reduces fuel use and overuse

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6
Q

How many watts of electricity equals 1 mechanical hp?

A

1 (mech) hp = 746 W

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7
Q

What are the benefits of energy management and conservation?

A

Less pollution, less money spent, and protection of fuel supplies for future generations

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8
Q

What are the energy management theories or principles?

A
  1. Improve energy efficiency and reduce energy use (lowers cost) 2. Communicate with others in facility about energy management plans, procedures, and accomplishments 3. Focus on monitoring, reporting, and developing management strategies (facts and data)
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9
Q

How many btus are equal to 1 therm?

A

1 therm equals 100,000 btus

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10
Q

What is a primary ECM?

A

Energy-saving changes that you can perform and finance through the normal operating and maintenance budget

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11
Q

What is an applied ECM?

A

Energy-saving changes that require a special financial investment beyond the normal maintenance budget

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12
Q

Who are the key personnel in an Energy Conservation Team?

A

Management (president, building manager, ect.), Stationary Engineers (CES, Chief), and Energy Management Coordinators (tenants, engineering team, building employees)

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13
Q

How many watts does 1kW equal?

A

1000W

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14
Q

What are the key elements of an Energy Policy?

A
  1. Objectives (efficiency, value) 2. Responsibilities (approval process, who has various authorities) 3. Authorization (how are you authorized to collect data) 4. Training
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15
Q

What are the strategies to identify current demand and selecting your first energy saving target?

A
  1. Quantify all forms of energy consumption (walkthroughs) 2. Identify when and where energy is used 3. Target noncontraversial areas first (steam leaks, etc.), low to no-cost are best to help gain support 4. Focus on largest energy users as they have the largest potential for savings 5. Maintain the support of facility management (written reports and memos, etc.)
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16
Q

How many btus are required to raise 1 pound of water 1 degree farenheit?

A

1 btu

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17
Q

What does an energy conservation training plan for management include?

A

Combinatino of brief written reports, memos, articles relating to goals, and oral reports in meetings. Keep them infromed on energy management program status and progress

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18
Q

How many btus of heat does 1W of electrical power produce?

A

3.412 btu

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19
Q

What does an energy conservation training plan for team members include?

A

Information you provide, outside courses from universities or consultants

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20
Q

How many btus are required to raise 1 pound of water at 50 degrees to 212?

A

162 btus

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21
Q

Why is it important to communicate energy conservation objectives and accomplishments to management and tenants?

A

To gain and maintain their support in your efforts

22
Q

How can savings opportunities be identified by an energy audit?

A

Identifies equipment or processes that consume energy, where this consumption takes place, when consumption occurs, and why energy is used in these processes

23
Q

What are the methods to determine an ECO within a facility?

A
  1. Quantify all forms of energy consumption (walkthroughs) 2. Identify when and where energy is used 3. Target noncontraversial areas first (steam leaks, etc.), low to no-cost are best to help gain support 4. Focus on largest energy users as they have the largest potential for savings 5. Maintain the support of facility management (written reports and memos, etc.)
24
Q

What tool is commonly used for electrical data collection in an energy audit?

A

Electrical Watt-hour meter (metering and sub-metering)

25
Q

What tool is commonly used for HVAC data collection in an energy audit?

A

Water or gas meter, anemometer, flow measurments

26
Q

What tool is commonly used for combustion data collection in an energy audit?

A

Combustion Analyzer

27
Q

How do energy audits quantify ECOs within a facility?

A

Energy input = Useful work (output) + Lost Energy + Wasted Energy. 1. Promotes a complete understainding of how energy is being used and possibly wasted 2. Identifies all energy streams into a facility and quantifies energy use to separate functions.

28
Q

Name common ECOs for the building envelope.

A

Ensure doors are tightly sealed with weather stripping, solar reflective film, repair windows, install air curtains over long runs of glass, install automatic doors

29
Q

Name common ECOs for the combustion systems.

A

Install flue gas analyzer ro complete a flue gas analysis, preheat boiler water,

30
Q

Name common ECOs for the steam and condensate systems.

A

Maintain proper chemical treatment in boilers and condensate return, insulate all piping, implement boiler sequencing

31
Q

Name common ECOs for the HVAC chilled water systems.

A

Install temp controls, insulate pipes, valves, fittings, install vavs, install chilled water / condenser reset controls, tamperproof t-stats, automatic timers, maintain proper cycles of concentration on cooling tower water, change cooling tower fan motors to VFD, maintain strainers and blow downs on cooling towers

32
Q

Name common ECOs for the electrical systems.

A

Install VFD (VSD), install high efficiency motors (90-98% eff), complete infrared surveys of all panels, transformers, and switchgears, initiate peak demand limiting, consider duty cycling, install LEDs

33
Q

Name common ECOs for the lighting systems.

A

Install efficient lamps, install photocell control, install energy efficient ballasts, install motion sensors

34
Q

Name common ECOs for the waste heat stream.

A

Install heat exchanger if another appliance is being replaced in which the heat can be used from

35
Q

Name common ECOs for the metering systems.

A

Install cooling tower make-up metering, install miscellaneous metering

36
Q

What is one advantage of BAS to control equipment?

A

Scheduling, control, and monitoring or energy uses throughout a building simultaneously

37
Q

Name a system and a type of equipment that represents the largest energy uses in a building?

A

Lighting (32.2%), Motors (32.2%)

38
Q

What are the various rate structures used by utility companies?

A

Energy charge (cost per kWh x number of kWhs used), demand charges (additional cost charged for ability of utility to deliver enough power to you reliably to meet your peak demand), peak demand, seasonal rates, ratchet rate (80-90% of peak charged for a period of time)

39
Q

Besides electric, what other utility charges should you track?

A

Natural gas, fuel oil, water

40
Q

What is a basic fixed component of an electric bill affecting your usage charge?

A

Tax

41
Q

How do you establish a utility cost energy baseline?

A

Track your energy usage and costs for 36 months via your energy bills including your various rate structures, calculate your Energy Utilization Index (Btus per square foot per year), fill out a Utility Ledger and compare EUI with the surveyed buildings in the Department of Energy’s database

42
Q

What is the formula for water flow?

A

Consumption = flow x time

43
Q

How much does the roman numberal M equal?

A

1000

44
Q

How much does the roman numberal MM equal?

A

1000 x 1000 = 1,000,000

45
Q

What is the formula for Simple Efficiency Calculation?

A

Efficiency = output / input

46
Q

What is delta T if your supply water is 40 degrees, and the return is 52 degrees?

A

Delta T of 12 degrees (52 - 40 = 12)

47
Q

What is delta P if the entering coil pressure is 120 psi, and the leaving was 105 psi?

A

Delta P of 15 psi

48
Q

What does COP mean?

A

Coefficient of Performance = useful output / paid input

49
Q

What does EER mean?

A

Energy Efficiency Ratio = Useful output (btuh) / Paid input (watts)

50
Q

What is the Energy Utilization Index formula?

A

EUI = Total energy consumption (btu/yr) / Gross area (ft squared) = btu per squared ft per year

Energy Conservation (2 decks)

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