Energy, Chp. 2 Flashcards
Proved Reserve
the total amount of oil that can be commercially extracts from the new area is estimated and added to the proved reserve.
Primary Recovery
oil either comes to the surface under natural geological pressures, or it is pumped to the surface
Secondary Recovery
water or gas is pumped into the well to recover another 15% of the petroleum
Tertiary (or enhanced) Recovery
oil is in the tiny pore spaces in rock, steam injection or CO2, leaves surface tension (heat) and viscosity so oil can flow more freely
Fractional Distillation
separation of a liquid mixture into fractions differing in boiling point by means of distillation, typically using a fractionating column.
Thermal Cracking
the oldest method of breaking up the heavy molecules into lighter ones
Catalytic Conversion
an efficient process for producing higher octane gasoline
Polymerization
the reverse process of joining together light hydrocarbon molecules and forming heavier ones
Methane
a colorless, odorless flammable gas that is the main constituent of natural gas
Peat
is produced in the first stage of coal formation, is the lowest grade of fuel
Lignite
a type of coal that is about 150 million years old and it’s carbon content is about 50%, soft brown
Bituminous
300 million year old, about 50-80% carbon, soft and black
Anthracite
hard coal, almost pure carbon at 95%, over 300 million years old
Oil Shale
is a rock called marlstone
Marlstone
metamorphic rock
