Energy Chapter 5

Question 1

Name the types of energy

Answer 1

Thermal
Light
Kinetic
Sound
Electric

Question 2

Describe what heat energy is

Answer 2

Heat energy can come from flames, chemical reactions, electric devices and most importantly the sun. Thermal energy comes from anything that is classed as hot.

Question 3

Describe what light energy is

Answer 3

Light energy can come from the sun, light globes, flames. Without light energy the world would be very dark. Light energy comes from anything that produces light

Question 4

Describe what kinetic energy is

Answer 4

Kinetic energy is the energy of movement. Anything that moves has kinetic energy. The faster an object moves, the greater the amount of kinetic energy

Question 5

Describe what electrical energy is

Answer 5

Electrical energy is produced by power stations, solar cells, batteries, and lightning. Electrical energy powers your TV, phone, microwave, toaster.

Question 6

Describe what sound energy is

Answer 6

Electrical energy is produced by power stations, solar cells, batteries, and lightning. Electrical energy powers your TV, phone, microwave, toaster.

Question 7

Name the types of potential energy

Answer 7

Chemical
Nuclear
Gravitational
Elastic

Question 8

Describe elastic

Answer 8

Elastic energy is energy stored in a stretched or squashed spring. Stretched rubber bands also store elastic potential energy which is released when they are let go.

Question 9

Describe gravitational energy

Answer 9

Gravitational energy is energy stored in an object when it is above the ground. The greater the height of an object the more gravitational energy it has. For example a waterslide, the more gravitational energy you have at the top and the more kinetic energy you will have on the way down

Question 10

Describe nuclear energy

Answer 10

Nuclear energy is energy stored inside the tiny atoms that make up all matter. Nuclear energy is released in a nuclear power plant, when a nuclear bomb explodes, and inside the sun. Nuclear reactions produce heat and light.

Question 11

Describe chemical energy

Answer 11

Chemical energy is stored in substances. This energy is released by your body when you digest food, and by cats when fuel is burnt. Wood, paper apples, petrol and batteries all contain chemical energy.

Question 12

What is energy transfer

Answer 12

Energy transfer is when energy is transferred from one object to another

Question 13

What is convection

Answer 13

The transfer of heat through a fluid (liquid or gas) caused by molecular motion

Question 14

What is conduction

Answer 14

The transfer of heat of electric current from one substance to another by direct contact.

Question 15

What is radiation

Answer 15

Energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles

Question 16

What is energy transformations

Answer 16

Energy can be transformed from one type of energy to another in an object

Question 17

What is energy efficiency

Answer 17

Energy efficiency is a measure or how well something converts into useful energy

Question 18

What is the equation for working out energy efficiency

Answer 18

In the efficiency equation, the top of the fraction is useful energy output and the bottom of the fraction is total energy input.

Question 19

Sound energy

Answer 19

Sound is a type of energy produced by vibrations
When a sound vibrates the air particles in turn push outwards on other air particles.
A wave motions transfers energy without an overall transfer of matter
Vibrating air particles have kinetic energy
Kinetic energy is transferred from air particles to air particle as a sound wave travels
The air particles themselves don’t travel with the sound wave but stay in the same spot.
When a sound wave hits a solid surface it can be reflected creating an echo
When a sound hits a soft surface some of the energy is absorbed
The science of sound is called acoustics
Sound travels at about 340m/s through air
The closer the particles the faster the sound will travel.

Question 20

What is pitch

Answer 20

Low or high sound. The pitch of the sound depends upon how quickly the particles vibrate in a sound wave.

Question 21

What is frequency

Answer 21

The number of waves that travel past a given point per second. Measured in hertz(HZ)

Question 22

What is wavelength

Answer 22

The length of one wave. A high-pitched sound has a shorter wavelength

Question 23

What is loudness measured in

Answer 23

Loudness is measured in a unit called decibels (dB)

Question 24

Light energy

Answer 24

Like sound, light travels as a wave
Light travels much, much faster than sound
In fact, nothing can travel faster than light
Light travels at about 300 million metres every second. This means light would be able to travel around the equator seven and a half times in just one second
Light does not need a material to travel through

Question 25

Name all the things on the electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 25

Radio waves, microwaves, infared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays

Question 26

What is concave and convex

Answer 26

Concave is sticking in

Convex is sticking out

Question 27

What is a reflection

Answer 27

the throwing back by a body or surface of light, heat, or sound without absorbing it.

Question 28

What is refraction

Answer 28

The bending of light
When light travels through 2 different transparent substances the light bends
This is because the speed that the light is travelling slows down

Question 29

Name an example for each thing on the electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 29

Radio.                  Radio
Microwaves.       Cooking microwave 
Infrared                Remote TV
Visible light.        
Ultraviolet 
X rays.                 Medical knowledge 
Gamma rays