Energy and Protein Requirements for Adults

Question 1

What is EER?

Answer 1

Estimated Energy Requirement: average dietary energy intake that will maintain energy balance in a healthy person of given gender, age, weight, height, and physical activity level, consistent with good health

Question 2

What does EER take into account?

Answer 2

energy content of new body constituents (growth, pregnancy, milk produced during lactation)

Question 3

What is BMR? When is it measured?

Answer 3

Basal metabolic weight: minimal rate of energy expenditure compatible with life.

Measured in the supine (horizontal) position under standard conditions of rest, fasting, immobility, thermoneutrality and mental relaxation

Question 4

What is BEE? How is it expressed?

Answer 4

basal energy expenditure – Kcal/24 hours

Question 5

What is TEE? What does it reflect?

Answer 5

Total Energy Expenditure: energy spent, on average, in a 24 hour period by an individual or a group of individuals

Reflects the average amount of energy spent in a typical day

Question 6

What is PAL?

Answer 6

Physical Activity Level - ratio of TEE/BEE

Question 7

What is the equation for TEE?

Answer 7

TEE = BEE x PAL
^ adult men
^ adult women (non-pregnant/non-lactating)

Question 8

What is the recommended PAL? What is the drawback of this one?

Answer 8

30 min moderate intensity PA most days of the week – not enough to maintain healthy body weight

Question 9

What is the recommended PAL to prevent weight gain and to gain additional health benefits?

Answer 9

60 mins moderate intensity PA/day

Question 10

What is “moderate intensity” equivalent to?

Answer 10

walking at a pace of 4 mph

Question 11

What is the recommended PALin numbers?

Answer 11

1.6-1.7

Question 12

Maintaining a TEE > or = to 1.6 - 1.7 x REE should guarantee what 2 things?

Answer 12

1. maintain body weight in ideal range (BMI 18.5-25)

2. decrease risk of CVD

Question 13

For adequate energy / nutrients and low risk of chronic diseases, the diet should provide what % CHO, fat & protein?

1. Children 1-3 years old
2. Children 4-18 years old
3. Adults

Answer 13

Kids 1-3:
30-40% fat
5-20% protein
45-65% CHO

Kids 4-18:
25-35% fat
10-30% protien
45-65% CHO

Adults:
20-35% Fat
10-35% Protein
45-65% CHO

Question 14

What measurements/indicators are used to measure:

1. protein RDA
2. Linoleic acid (AI)
3. alpha-Linolenic acid (AI)
4. CHO (RDA)
5. Dietary fiber (AI)

Answer 14

1. N balance
2. Median intake
3. Median intake
4. Min glucose required by the brain without depending on fat or protein as alternative energy source
5. Median intake observed to achieve lowest risk of coronary heart disease

Question 15

What are the 9 indispensable amino acids?

Answer 15

1. histidine
2. isoleucine
3. leucine
4. lysine
5. methionine
6. PHE
7. threonine
8. tryptophan
9. valine

Question 16

What are the 5 dispensable a.a.s?

Answer 16

1. alanine
2. aspartic acid
3. asparagine
4. glutamic acid
5. serine

Question 17

What are the 6 conditionally indispensable amino acids?

Answer 17

1. arginine
2. cysteine
3. glutamine
4. glycine
5. proline
6. tyrosine

Question 18

Whole body protein synthesis of

1. Newborns
2. Infant
3. Adult
4. Elderly?

Answer 18

1. 17.4 g/kg/day
2. 6.9 g/kg/day
3. 3 g/kg/day
4. 1.9 g/kg/day