Energy and nutrients

Question 1

What is our main source of energy?

Answer 1

Carbohyadrates

Question 2

Fats/ lipids serve what perpose in our bodies?

Answer 2

They insulate the body and protect our vital organs. They also provide the body with energy and store it.

Question 3

What are proteins used for in our bodies?

Answer 3

To repair and bulid cells.

Question 4

What percentage of our bodies is made up of water?

Answer 4

60%

Question 5

Which is a healthier source of fats, unsaturated or saturated fats? Why?

Answer 5

Unsaturated fats are a healthier source of fats. This is because eating too many saturated fats can raise the cholesterol levels of our bodies.

Question 6

What are the 4 stages of the digestive system?

Answer 6

Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Elimination

Question 7

What are the 5 main organs that help with digestion?

Answer 7

Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestines
Large intetsines

Question 8

What nutrient starts digesting in the mouth and how?

Answer 8

Saliva helps to transform the complex molecules in carbohydrates (carbs) into simple molecules.

Question 9

What nutrient is digested in the esophagus?

Answer 9

There is no digestion in the esophagus, it is simply a path for the bolus to get from to mouth to the stomach.

Question 10

Which nutrient is broken down in the stomach and how?

Answer 10

Proteins are broken down in the stomach using the stomach’s gastric juices.

Question 11

What are the folds in the small intestines called and what purpose do they serve?

Answer 11

These small folds are called villi. They increase the surface area of the small intestines allowing more nutrients to be absorbed.

Question 12

What two nutrients do the intestinal juices help break down?

Answer 12

Proteins into amino acids
Fats into glycerol

Question 13

In which organ is bile secreted?

Answer 13

Liver

Question 14

In which organ is bile stored?

Answer 14

Gallbladder

Question 15

Which nutirent does bile manipulate?

Answer 15

It emulsifies fats, which means seperates fats from water

Question 16

In the small intestines which organ breaks down carbohydrates?

Answer 16

Pancreas

Question 17

Which nutrients are absorbed in the large intestines?

Answer 17

Water, vitamins and minerals

Question 18

What is an example of a chemical transformation in the mouth?

Answer 18

Saliva, made by salivary glands, breaking down carbohydrates into simple molecules.

Question 19

What is an example of a physical transformation in the esophagus

Answer 19

The bolus passing through the esophagus with contractions called peristalsis

Question 20

What is an example of a chemical transformation in the stomach?

Answer 20

Gastric juices breaking down proteins into smaller molecules.

Question 21

What is an example of a physical transformation in the stomach?

Answer 21

The stomach twisting and contracting braeking the bolus into smaller peices.