Energy and Heat - chp 4

Question 1

Energy

Answer 1

Ability to do Work

Question 2

Potential Energy

Answer 2

energy of position

Question 3

Kinetic energy

Answer 3

Energy of motion

Question 4

Thermal energy

Answer 4

total kinetic energy of the particles of a substance

1. as the temperature increases, the particles move faster –> greater thermal energy
2. the more mass = more particles present and moving ==> more thermal energy

Question 5

temperature

Answer 5

measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance

Question 6

thermometer

Answer 6

instrument to measure temperature

Meaured in Fahrenheit or Celsius

Question 7

Thermal Expansion

Answer 7

when the temperature change is not great, a substance doesn’t change state. So the substance’s particles move faster and occupy a larger space

Question 8

Calorie

Answer 8

an amount of thermal energy needed to raise temp of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius.

Question 9

heat

Answer 9

transfer of thermal energy from one substance to another

Question 10

Conduction

Answer 10

heat transfer than occurs when particles bump into each other

Question 11

conductors

Answer 11

substances that allow heat to move through them easily; the best conductors are metal

Question 12

Insulators

Answer 12

substances that do not allow heat to move through them easily

Examples: wood, brick, plastic,

Question 13

convection

Answer 13

heat transfer that occurs when particles carry thermal energy as them move from one place to another.

Question 14

Radiation

Answer 14

heat transfer that occurs when there are no particles to carry the energy

Question 15

Fuel

Answer 15

any substance that releases energy when it burns

Examples: wood, oil, gasolines

Question 16

fossil fuels

Answer 16

formed when the remains of plants/animals were buried quickly during the Genesis Flood.

Examples: coal, crude oil, natural gas

Question 17

How are fossil fuels formed

Answer 17

formed when the remains of plants and animals were buried quickly during the Genesis Flood.

Question 18

3 uses of fuels

Answer 18

1. heat homes
2. cook food, dry clothes and heat water
3. power plants use fuel to produce electricity
4. Industries burn fuels to make products

Question 19

Thermal energy in everyday life

Answer 19

1. body creates thermal energy when exercising - released by sweating
2. computer produces heat from electricity - a fan moves heat away to protect the parts
3. car can overheat - radiater and fan move heat away from engine

Question 20

controlling heat while in space

Answer 20

temperatures can change suddenly from intense cold to intense heat. In order for astronauts and space craft to survive, they must keep everything within a specific temp range.

Question 21

What causes heat that occurs when a spacecraft takes off or lands

Answer 21

FRICTION

Question 22

What technology causes a lot of heat inside the ISS

Answer 22

special blanket made of mylar and dacron