Energy and Chemistry of Life

Question 1

Is the ability to do work

Answer 1

Energy

Question 2

is done when an object is moved over a distance.

Answer 2

Work

Question 3

the energy contained by moving object.

Answer 3

Kinetic energy

Question 4

is the energy matter has because of its position.

Answer 4

POTENTIAL ENERGY

Question 5

There are 6 forms of Energy:

Answer 5

1. Mechanical Energy
2. Chemical Energy
3. Electrical Energy
4. Radiant Energy
5. Thermal or Heat Energy
6. Nuclear Energy

Question 6

puts something in motion

• moves cars and lifts elevators

• the ____ of the system is the sum of its kinetic and potential energy

Answer 6

Mechanical energy

Question 7

puts something in motion

• moves cars and lifts elevators

• the ____ of the system is the sum of its kinetic and potential energy

Answer 7

Mechanical energy

Question 8

the energy stored in molecules and chemical compounds

found in food, wood, coal, petroleum and other fuels

Answer 8

Chemical Energy

Question 9

resulting from the flow of electric charge

can be used to perform work such as lighting a bulb, heating a cooking element

Answer 9

Electric Energy

Question 10

is a “secondary” source of energy

Answer 10

electricity

Question 11

the energy of electromagnetic waves

these waves can travel through space

Answer 11

Radiant Energy

Question 12

electromagnetic radiation is made up of tiny particles called

Answer 12

Photons

Question 13

is a form of radiant energy that is visible to the human eye

Answer 13

Light energy

Question 14

produced when a rise in temperature causes atoms and molecules to move faster and collide with each other.

the energy that comes from the temperature of the heated substance is called

Answer 14

Thermal energy or heat

Question 15

is the energy in the nucleus, or core, of an atom

Answer 15

Nuclear energy

Question 16

are tiny units that make up all matter in the universe, and energy is what holds the nucleus together.

Answer 16

Atom

Question 17

is the study of energy

Answer 17

Thermodynamics

Question 18

cannot be created nor destroyed

Answer 18

Energy

Question 19

Anything that takes up space and has mass.

• Air
• Water
• Tress
• Cement
• Gold

Answer 19

Matter

Question 20

states that all matter is made up of tiny objects that are in constant motion.

Answer 20

Kinetic Molecular theory

Question 21

A pure substance.

• Gold (Au)
• Oxygen (0)
• Mercury (Hg)

• It cannot be broken down into other types of substances.

• Each element is made up of just one type of atom.

Answer 21

Element

Question 22

Fundamental subunits of matter.

Is the smallest particle of an element that still has the properties of that element

Answer 22

Atom

Question 23

positively charged

Answer 23

Protons

Question 24

uncharged particles

Answer 24

Neutrons

Question 25

uncharged particles

Answer 25

Neutrons

Question 26

negatively charged, surrounds the nucleus

Answer 26

Electrons

Question 27

Atoms bond to one another chemically to form stable subunits called

Answer 27

Molecules

Question 28

charged particle

• Atoms or molecules that lose electrons are positively charged because they have more protons (+) than electrons (-).

• Those that gain electrons have more electrons (-) than protons (+) and are negatively charged.

• Oppositely charged ions are attracted to one another and may form stable units similar to molecules; however, they typically split into their individual ions when dissolved.

Answer 28

Ions

Question 29

formed when two or more atoms or ions are bonded chemically.

There are millions of ways atoms can be combined to form compounds.

Answer 29

Compound

Question 30

combinations of atoms, ions, or molecules.

Answer 30

Mixture