Energy

Question 1

How many g is 1kg

Answer 1

1000g

Question 2

What are the 4 types of energy transfer?

Answer 2

Radiation, Electrical, Heating and Mechanical

Question 3

What are examples of Energy transfer by Radiation and what is it?

Answer 3

• energy tranferred as a wave

- Sound, gamma rays, x rays, ultra violet, light, infra red, microwaves and radio waves

Question 4

What are examples of Energy transfer by Electricity and what is it?

Answer 4

• electrical currents moving due to a potential difference

- e.g a battery transfers electrical energy to a light bulb

Question 5

What are examples of Energy transfer by Heating and what is it?

Answer 5

• due to temperature difference caused electrically or by chemical reaction
• e.g transferring heat into a bottle by putting hot water in it

Question 6

What are examples of mechanical energy transfer and what is it?

Answer 6

• a force moving an object through a distance

- e.g transferring energy into an object by pushing/pulling it

Question 7

What are the 8 types of energy store?

Answer 7

Magnetic, kinetic, nuclear, electrostatic, chemical, thermal, elastic potential and gravitational potential

Question 8

What is a kinetic energy store?

Answer 8

• Anything moving has a store of kinetic energy

- e.g Runners, buses, comets.

Question 9

What is a nuclear energy store?

Answer 9

• the energy stored in the nucleus of an atom

- e.g Uranium nuclear power, nuclear reactors.

Question 10

What is an electrostatic energy store?

Answer 10

• The energy stored when repelling charges have been moved closer together or when attracting charges have been pulled further apart.
• e.g Thunderclouds, Van De Graaff generators.

Question 11

What is a chemical energy store?

Answer 11

• The energy stored in chemical bonds, such as those between molecules
• e.g Foods, muscles, electrical cells

Question 12

What is a thermal energy store?

Answer 12

• anything warmer than -273°C has thermal. -273°C is called absolute zero because all the particles stop moving.
• The total kinetic and potential energy of the particles in an object, in most cases this is the vibrations - also known as the kinetic energy - of particles. In hotter objects, the particles have more internal energy and vibrate faster
• e.g Human bodies, hot coffees, stoves or hobs. Ice particles vibrate slower, but still have energy

Question 13

What is an elastic potential energy store?

Answer 13

• The energy stored when an object is stretched or squashed.

- e.g Drawn catapults, compressed springs, inflated balloons

Question 14

What is a gravitational potential energy store?

Answer 14

• The energy of an object at height, which is being pulled down by gravity
• e.g Aeroplanes, kites, mugs on a table

Question 15

What is a magnetic energy store?

Answer 15

• The energy stored when repelling poles have been pushed closer together or when attracting poles have been pulled further apart.
• Fridge magnets, compasses, maglev trains which use magnetic levitation

Question 16

Draw a sankey diagram for this information: In a lightbulb, 500J were transferred to the bulb, 75J were used as light energy and 425J was used as heat energy

Answer 16

Answer is in folder

Question 17

What is the equation to find the efficiency percentage of a device?

Answer 17

Efficiency percentage of device= (useful energy transferred by the device ➗ total energy supplied to the device) ✖️100

Question 18

What is the equation to find the efficiency of a device?

Answer 18

Efficiency of device= (useful energy transferred by the device ➗ total energy supplied to the device)

Question 19

A light bulb radiates 20 J of energy as light for every 100 J of electrical energy supplied to it. Calculate the energy wasted by the light bulb for every 100J of electrical energy supplied to it.

Answer 19

80J

Question 20

A light bulb radiates 20 J of energy as light for every 100 J of electrical energy supplied to it. Calculate the percentage efficiency of the light bulb

Answer 20

20%

Question 21

An energy saving lightbulb wastes 5J of energy for every 20 J of energy it radiates as light . How much energy is supplied to it for every 20 J of energy it radiates as light?

Answer 21

25J

Question 22

An energy saving lightbulb wastes 5J of energy for every 20 J of energy it radiates as light. Calculate the lights efficiency.

Answer 22

80%

Question 23

What is power?

Answer 23

• power is how much energy is transferred per second

- it is measured in Joules per second or Watts

Question 24

What is the equation to find the amount of power in something?

Answer 24

Power (watts) = energy transferred (in J) ➗ time taken in seconds

Question 25

How does mass effect amount of gravitational potential energy store?

Answer 25

More mass= more gravitational potential energy store

Question 26

What energy type could be wasted by a fan heater?

Answer 26

Sound energy

Question 27

Which state of matter has the most and least energetic particles?

Answer 27

Solid is the least, the liquid, then gas

Question 28

What is the principle of the conservation of energy/ what is meant by energy is conserved?

Answer 28

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only transferred between objects

Question 29

What happens to waste energy?

Answer 29

It is absorbed into surroundings as thermal energy.