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P1 > Energy > Flashcards

Energy Flashcards

0
Q

Efficiency equasions

A

Efficiency= useful energy(x100)/ total energy

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1
Q

What factors affect the rate of energy transfer?

A

The material the object is in contact with
The objects shape
The objects surface area
The temperature difference between the object and it’s surroundings

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2
Q

Non renewable sources

A 
Coal
Oil
Wood 
Gas (natural)
Nuclear
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3
Q

Renewable sources

A 
Wind
Solar
Wave
Tidal
Hydroelectric
Geothermal
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4
Q

The temperature rise when an object is heated depend on…

A

The amount of energy supplied
The mass of the substance
What the substance is

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5
Q

How do you find the Specific heat capacity of a metal?

A 
C=e/mx0 
E is energy transferred 
M is the mass
C is the specific heat capacity 
0 is the temperature
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6
Q

What forms of insulation may you have?

A

Loft insulation>fibreglass
Cavity walls
Aluminium foil>behind radiators
Double glazed windows

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7
Q

What is a u-value?

A

U values tell us how much energy passes through 1m2 of materials per second when the temperature difference across it Is 1 degree.

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8
Q

Heating water at home is expensive what else can you do?

A

Install solar panels which doesn’t use fuel to heat the water but are expensive

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9
Q

List the 5 types of energy

A 
Chemical
Electrical
Gravitational potential 
Kinetic
Elastic potential
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10
Q

Energy cannot…

A

Be created or destroyed

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11
Q

What is a heat sink and how does it protect electrical components?

A

A heat sink is a metal panel which when put on a electrical appliance conducts heat away from the appliance so it can cool or not get too hot.

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12
Q

How does loft insulation reduce energy transfer?

A

Stops the heat escaping through your roof using fibreglass by reducing conduction

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13
Q

How do cavity walls prevent energy transfer?

A

They trap air as it passes through one wall enclosing and keeping the heat in. They also reduce conduction and convection.

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14
Q

How does double glazing reduce energy transfer?

A

If heat passes through the glass it is trapped in the vacuum which keeps the heat in and also reduces conduction and convection

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15
Q

How does aluminium foil reduce energy transfer?

A

It reflects the heat back into the room

16
Q

What are solar panels used for?

A

The solar energy heats water and they are placed on the roof that faces south.

17
Q

Describe the particles in a solid

A

The particles are held next to each other in fixed positions. They vibrate about their fixed positions so the solid keeps it’s shape.

18
Q

Describe the particle structure of a liquid

A

The particles in a liquid move about at random and are in contact with each other. This means a liquid doesn’t have its own shape and can flow.

19
Q

Describe the particles in a gas

A

They move randomly and are very far apart. This means the density of a gas is much less. In general the particles is a gas tend to have more energy that those in a solid.

20
Q

The rate of temperature change of a substance when it is heated depends on….

A

The mass
The energy transferred
Specific heat capacity

21
Q

The greater the mass of an object the It’s temperature increases when heated.

Fill in gap

A

Slower

22
Q

What is the specific heat capacity?

A

The energy needed to increase the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 degree

23
Q

How can you calculate how much energy is required to raise the temperature of an object?

A

E=mxcx°

Energy=massxSHCxtemperaturerise

24
Q

The higher the specific heat capacity….

A

The longer an object takes to warm up and retains its energy for longer.

25
Q

Machines can be made more efficient by reducing…

A

Friction, electrical resistance

26
Q

What is temperature?

A

Temperature measures how hot something is in degrees.

27
Q

What is heat?

A

Heat measured the amount of thermal energy something has measured in J

28
Q

How do draught excluders prevent energy transfer?

A

They reduce energy transfer by convection

P1 (7 decks)

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