Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

physics paper 1. > energy. > Flashcards

energy. Flashcards

1
Q

What is energy defined as in physics?

A

Energy is defined as the capacity to do work.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two main types of energy?

A

The two main types of energy are kinetic energy and potential energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

Kinetic energy is the energy of an object due to its motion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the formula for kinetic energy?

A

The formula for kinetic energy is KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is potential energy?

A

Potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position or configuration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?

A

The formula for gravitational potential energy is PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is acceleration due to gravity, and h is height.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

True or False: Energy can be created or destroyed.

A

False: Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the principle of conservation of energy?

A

The principle of conservation of energy states that the total energy in a closed system remains constant.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is thermal energy?

A

Thermal energy is the energy related to the temperature of an object, arising from the kinetic energy of its particles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the unit of energy in the International System of Units (SI)?

A

The unit of energy in SI is the joule (J).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is work in terms of physics?

A

Work is done when a force causes an object to move in the direction of the force.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the formula for work done?

A

The formula for work done is W = Fd cos(θ), where W is work, F is force, d is distance, and θ is the angle between the force and the direction of motion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is mechanical energy?

A

Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic and potential energy in a system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the difference between elastic potential energy and gravitational potential energy?

A

Elastic potential energy is stored in objects that can be stretched or compressed, while gravitational potential energy is related to an object’s height in a gravitational field.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the formula for elastic potential energy?

A

The formula for elastic potential energy is PE = 1/2 kx², where k is the spring constant and x is the extension or compression of the spring.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is energy efficiency?

A

Energy efficiency is the ratio of useful energy output to the total energy input, often expressed as a percentage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a renewable energy source?

A

A renewable energy source is an energy source that can be replenished naturally, such as solar, wind, or hydroelectric power.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is non-renewable energy?

A

Non-renewable energy is energy from sources that cannot be replenished in a short time, such as fossil fuels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the law of conservation of energy in relation to machines?

A

In machines, the law of conservation of energy states that the work output cannot exceed the work input.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the formula for power?

A

The formula for power is P = W/t, where P is power, W is work, and t is time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the unit of power in the SI system?

A

The unit of power in the SI system is the watt (W).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

True or False: Power is the rate at which work is done.

A

True: Power is the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the relationship between energy and power?

A

Energy is the capacity to do work, while power is the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does the term ‘energy transfer’ refer to?

A

Energy transfer refers to the movement of energy from one location or form to another.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is a system in physics?

A

A system in physics is a defined portion of the universe being studied, separated by boundaries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the difference between closed and open systems?

A

A closed system does not exchange matter with its surroundings, while an open system can exchange both matter and energy.

27
Q

What is heat energy?

A

Heat energy is the energy transferred between objects due to a temperature difference.

28
Q

What is conduction?

A

Conduction is the transfer of heat energy through direct contact between materials.

29
Q

What is convection?

A

Convection is the transfer of heat energy through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases).

30
Q

What is radiation in terms of energy transfer?

A

Radiation is the transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves, such as light.

31
Q

What is the formula for gravitational potential energy in relation to height?

A

The formula is PE = mgh, indicating that potential energy increases with height.

32
Q

What is the relationship between mass and kinetic energy?

A

Kinetic energy is directly proportional to the mass of an object; increasing mass increases kinetic energy.

33
Q

What is the significance of the spring constant (k) in elastic potential energy?

A

The spring constant (k) measures a spring’s stiffness; a higher k means the spring is stiffer.

34
Q

What happens to energy when a ball is thrown into the air?

A

As the ball rises, kinetic energy is converted to gravitational potential energy; at the peak, kinetic energy is at its minimum.

35
Q

What is the work-energy theorem?

A

The work-energy theorem states that the work done on an object equals the change in its kinetic energy.

36
Q

Define ‘energy resource.’

A

An energy resource is a source of energy that can be utilized to produce work or power.

37
Q

What is the role of energy in chemical reactions?

A

Energy is required to break bonds in reactants and is released when new bonds form in products.

38
Q

What is a fossil fuel?

A

Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources formed from the remains of ancient organisms, such as coal, oil, and natural gas.

39
Q

What is the concept of energy density?

A

Energy density is the amount of energy stored in a given system or region of space per unit volume or mass.

40
Q

What is a calorie?

A

A calorie is a unit of energy defined as the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius.

41
Q

What is the difference between potential and kinetic energy?

A

Potential energy is stored energy based on position, while kinetic energy is energy of motion.

42
Q

What is the formula for calculating gravitational potential energy at different heights?

A

PE = mgh can be used for different heights by substituting h with the new height.

43
Q

What is the relationship between energy and temperature?

A

As temperature increases, the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance also increases.

44
Q

What is the significance of energy transformations?

A

Energy transformations are crucial as they allow energy to be converted from one form to another to perform work.

45
Q

What is the concept of a ‘heat engine’?

A

A heat engine is a device that converts thermal energy into mechanical work.

46
Q

What is the efficiency of a heat engine?

A

The efficiency of a heat engine is the ratio of work output to heat input, expressed as a percentage.

47
Q

What is an example of a non-renewable energy source?

A

An example of a non-renewable energy source is coal.

48
Q

What is an example of a renewable energy source?

A

An example of a renewable energy source is solar energy.

49
Q

What is the formula for calculating energy efficiency?

A

Energy efficiency = (useful energy output / total energy input) x 100%.

50
Q

What is the role of energy in physical changes?

A

Energy is required to break intermolecular forces during physical changes, such as melting and boiling.

51
Q

What is the principle of energy conservation in a pendulum?

A

In a pendulum, mechanical energy is conserved, transforming between kinetic and potential energy.

52
Q

What happens to energy in a closed system?

A

In a closed system, energy can change forms but the total amount remains constant.

53
Q

What is the impact of friction on energy?

A

Friction converts mechanical energy into thermal energy, reducing the efficiency of energy transfer.

54
Q

What is an energy audit?

A

An energy audit is an assessment of energy use in a building, aimed at identifying opportunities for efficiency improvements.

55
Q

What is the formula to calculate the energy of an object at rest?

A

An object at rest has no kinetic energy, so its energy is primarily potential energy if elevated.

56
Q

What is the significance of heat capacity?

A

Heat capacity measures how much heat energy is required to change a substance’s temperature, influencing energy transfer.

57
Q

What is the formula for potential energy in a spring?

A

The formula for potential energy in a spring is PE = 1/2 kx².

58
Q

What is the significance of the Joule’s law?

A

Joule’s law states that the heat produced by an electric current is proportional to the resistance and the square of the current.

59
Q

What is the difference between internal energy and thermal energy?

A

Internal energy is the total energy contained within a system, while thermal energy specifically refers to energy related to temperature.

60
Q

What is a closed loop system in energy?

A

A closed loop system is one where energy is recycled back into the system without loss.

61
Q

What role does energy play in biological systems?

A

In biological systems, energy is essential for growth, reproduction, and maintenance of cellular functions.

62
Q

What is the relationship between energy and chemical bonds?

A

Energy is required to break chemical bonds and is released when new bonds are formed.

63
Q

What is the significance of the first law of thermodynamics?

A

The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.

64
Q

What is the second law of thermodynamics?

A

The second law of thermodynamics states that energy transformations are not 100% efficient, and some energy is lost as heat.

physics paper 1. (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions